The Study of the Role and Effects of Vocational Education on the Local Economic and Social Development in China

This study examined the relationship between vocational education and the development of regional social economy, as related to the background of the current reform of the vocational and educational system in China. It also reviewed and analyzed the reform of vocational educational systems in six regions in China. In particular, this study investigated the interrelationship between labor force resources, urban and rural vocational education and the development of social economy. The special phenomena accompanying vocational education and the economic development were illustrated. Research explored the importance and impact of vocational education on the economic and social development. From this study, guidelines for the development of vocational education to improve economic conditions in China were found. As disclosed by the analysis, the major problems in the current vocational education reform in China are the hindered mechanism, the insufficient outlay and the shortage of professional teachers. Vocational education, which aims at popularizing and propagating science and technology, hasn\u27t been able to bring new science and technology into the existing specialty and curricula structure in a timely manner. Suitable and corresponding adjustments have not been made. However, after China entered the WTO (World Trade Organization), changes in the industrial structure and the labor market, transformation of the economy and hi-tech and service industry exerted a considerable influence on the development of vocational education in China. From these findings, it can be seen that the development of vocational education in China is closely related to the development of regional economy and society; therefore, it is necessary to study vocational education reform and development and the macroscopic background of the economic development, particularly regional economic development. At the same time, in accordance with the demands of social and economic development, it is also necessary to explore the new growth points in vocational education, especially how to establish life long vocational education institutions in enterprise communities or rural production communities. This study made a layout for the developmental prospects of vocational education in China and pointed out that the most important competition in the future world will be the competition of science and technology, keeping qualified scientists and technicians, and vocational education which trains a great number of technical laborers. While mightily promoting the development of the market economy, China should prepare for the challenge of the globalization of the knowledge economy

Fine arts in Solow model: a clarification

This paper shows that the Saito version of Solow growth model contains an error. It corrects this error. It further applies some built-in functions of Mathematica to the correct version of Solow economic growth model and derives some interesting graphs from the Solow convergent paths.Solow growth model

Computational depth of anesthesia via multiple vital signs based on artificial neural networks

This study evaluated the depth of anesthesia (DoA) index using artificial neural networks (ANN) which is performed as the modeling technique. Totally 63-patient data is addressed, for both modeling and testing of 17 and 46 patients, respectively. The empirical mode decomposition (EMD) is utilized to purify between the electroencephalography (EEG) signal and the noise. The filtered EEG signal is subsequently extracted to achieve a sample entropy index by every 5-second signal. Then, it is combined with other mean values of vital signs, that is, electromyography (EMG), heart rate (HR), pulse, systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), and signal quality index (SQI) to evaluate the DoA index as the input. The 5 doctor scores are averaged to obtain an output index. The mean absolute error (MAE) is utilized as the performance evaluation. 10-fold cross-validation is performed in order to generalize the model. The ANN model is compared with the bispectral index (BIS). The results show that the ANN is able to produce lower MAE than BIS. For the correlation coefficient, ANN also has higher value than BIS tested on the 46-patient testing data. Sensitivity analysis and cross-validation method are applied in advance. The results state that EMG has the most effecting parameter, significantly.This research is financially supported by the Ministry of Science and Technology (MOST) of Taiwan. This research is also supported by the Centre for Dynamical Biomarkers and Translational Medicine, National Central University, Taiwan, which is also sponsored by MOST (MOST103-2911-I-008-001). Also, it is supported by National Chung-Shan Institute of Science & Technology in Taiwan (Grant nos. CSIST-095-V301 and CSIST-095-V302)

Correlación entre la implicación social y la calidad de vida de las personas mayores en China

The global aged population and ratio are increasing remarkably that to thoroughly utilize the retired time and enhance the quality of life of the elderly through social engagement is an issue worth exploring. This study aims to understand the current situations of Social Engagement and Quality of Life of the elderly and the differences in distinct background variables as well as discuss the correlations. With a questionnaire survey, residents in the apartments for the aged in Jiangsu Province are sampled as the research participants. A total of 200 questionnaires are distributed, and 157 valid ones are retrieved, with a retrieval rate of 79%. Each collected questionnaire copy was regarded as a valid sample. The research findings show 1. Partially positive effects of Social Engagement on Physiological Health in Quality of Life of the elderly, 2. Significantly positive effects of Social Engagement on the Psychological Condition in Quality of Life of the elderly, 3. Remarkably positive effects of Social Engagement on Social Relationship in Quality of Life of the elderly, 4. Partially positive effects of Social Engagement on Environment Interaction in Quality of Life of the elderly, and 5. Partially moderating effects of demographic variables on the correlations between Social Engagement and Quality of Life of the elderly.Uno de los temas que merece la pena explorar es el uso del tiempo de jubilación y la mejora de la calidad de vida de los mayores a través de la implicación social dado el notable crecimiento de la ratio global de población anciana. Este estudio trata de entender la situación actual de la implicación social y la calidad de vida de las personas mayores y las diferencias de las distintas variables de fondo, así como la correlación entre ellas. Los participantes en la investigación son residentes de apartamentos para personas mayores de la provincia de Jiangsu a los que se administró un cuestionario. Se distribuyeron 200 cuestionarios, de los que 157 fueron válidos, con una tasa de recuperación del 79%. Cada cuestionario recogido se consideró como una muestra válida. Los hallazgos de esta investigación son los siguientes: 1. Efectos parcialmente positivos de la implicación social en la calidad de la salud fisiológica de los mayores. 2. Efectos positivos significativos de la implicación social en el aspecto psicológico de la calidad de vida de los mayores. 3. Notables efectos positivos de la implicación social en las relaciones sociales relacionadas con la calidad de vida de los mayo¬res. 4. Efectos positivos parciales de la implicación social sobre la calidad de vida de los mayores en relación con la interacción con el. 5. Efectos parcialmente moderados de las variables demográficas en la correlación entre implicación social y calidad de vida de los mayores

Efectos del choque cultural y de la adaptación intercultural sobre la satisfacción con el aprendizaje de los estudiantes de la China continental que estudian en Taiwan

With the national impact of low fertility, the enrollment of higher education in Taiwan is facing a dilemma. To cope with such a problem, the government has actively promoted Mainland China students to study in Taiwan. In addition to enhancing the international competitiveness of domestic universities, cross-strait education, and real academic exchange, it is expected to solve the enrollment shortage of colleges. However, the situations and pressures of Culture Shock, Cross-Cultural Adaptation, and Learning Satisfaction are critical for Mainland China students. Taking Mainland China students who study in Taiwan for more than four months (about a semester) as the research participants, a total of 250 questionnaires were distributed and 167 valid ones were retrieved, with a retrieval rate of 67%. The research findings show significant correlations between Cross-Cultural Adaptation and Culture Shock, Culture Shock and Learning Satisfaction, and Cross-Cultural Adaptation and Learning Satisfaction.Debido al impacto de la baja fertilidad en el país, Taiwán afronta un dilema en relación con la inscripción en la enseñanza superior. Para enfrentarse al problema el gobierno ha promovido activamente que estudiantes de la China continental estudien en Taiwán. Además de incrementar la competitividad internacional de las universidades taiwanesas, la formación a ambos lados del estrecho y un verdadero intercambio académico, se espera que ello solucione la escasez de inscripciones en las facultades. Sin embargo, las situaciones y las presiones que generan el choque cultural, la adaptación multicultural y la satisfacción con el aprendizaje resultan críticas para los estudiantes de la China continental. Tomando como muestra de investigación a estudiantes de la China continental que estudian en Taiwán durante más de cuatro meses (aproximadamente un semestre), se distribuyó un total de 250 cuestionarios, de los cuales 167 fueron válidos, con una tasa de recuperación del 67%. Los resultados de la investigación muestran correlaciones significativas entre la adaptación multicultural y el choque cultural, entre el choque cultural y la satisfacción con el aprendizaje y entre la adaptación multicultural y la satisfacción con el aprendizaje

Optimization of Enzymatically Prepared Hexyl Butyrate by Lipozyme IM-77

Hexyl butyrate, a green note flavour compound, is widely used in the food industry. The ability of immobilised lipase (Lipozyme IM-77) from Rhizomucor miehei to catalyse the transesterification of hexanol and tributyrin was investigated in this study. Response surface methodology (RSM) and five-level-five-factor central composite rotatable design (CCRD) were employed to evaluate the effects of synthesis parameters, such as reaction time (2 to 10 h), temperature (25 to 65 °C), enzyme amount (10 to 50 %), substrate amount (in mol) ratio of tributyrin to hexanol (1:1 to 3:1), and added water content (0 to 20 %), on percentage amount (in mol) conversion of hexyl butyrate by transesterification. Reaction time and enzyme amount were the most important variables and substrate amount (in mol) ratio had less effect on the percentage of amount (in mol) conversion. Based on canonical analysis, the optimum synthesis conditions were: reaction time 8.3 h, temperature 50 °C, enzyme amount 42.7 %, substrate amount (in mol) ratio 1.8:1, and added water 12.6 %. The predicted value was 96.2 % and actual experimental value 95.3 % of the amount (in mol) conversion

The Assessment for Sensitivity of a NO2 Gas Sensor with ZnGa2O4/ZnO Core-Shell Nanowires—a Novel Approach

The application of novel core-shell nanowires composed of ZnGa2O4/ZnO to improve the sensitivity of NO2 gas sensors is demonstrated in this study. The growth of ZnGa2O4/ZnO core-shell nanowires is performed by reactive evaporation on patterned ZnO:Ga/SiO2/Si templates at 600 °C. This is to form the homogeneous structure of the sensors investigated in this report to assess their sensitivity in terms of NO2 detection. These novel NO2 gas sensors were evaluated at working temperatures of 25 °C and at 250 °C, respectively. The result reveals the ZnGa2O4/ZnO core-shell nanowires present a good linear relationship (R2 > 0.99) between sensitivity and NO2 concentration at both working temperatures. These core-shell nanowire sensors also possess the highest response (<90 s) and recovery (<120 s) values with greater repeatability seen for NO2 sensors at room temperature, unlike traditional sensors that only work effectively at much higher temperatures. The data in this study indicates the newly-developed ZnGa2O4/ZnO core-shell nanowire based sensors are highly promising for industrial applications

Optical Design of Full View Lens based on Energy Luminance Analysis Chart of Stray Light

This paper presented optical design software (CODE V) in combination with stray light simulation software (Light Tools) to develop and analyze the influence of 360 degree lens stray light on MTF. We study the pupil entrance position of 2P3G lens group, set the pupil entrance position of the same inside-aperture lens which locates in the Lens 2(S2) or Lens 3(S1) surface. After simulation and analysis of ray tracing software, we get the best pupil entrance position of the lens to achieve the best efficiency and resolution. In addition, through the energy luminance analysis chart of stray light, comparison between this simulation and the actual test verifies that this design is consistent with the fact, so this method provides a reference for the future optical design and manufacture

Effects of Crisis Communication Strategies and Media Report on Corporate Image in Catering Industry

The enhancement of economic development and living standard in last years has the people stress more on recreational life that tourism becomes prevalent in Taiwan. County and city governments positively promote tourism and hold cultural festivals to enhance the boom of accommodation and catering industries and further fire national tourism market and catering industry. Through online questionnaire survey, the customers of Wang Steak, TASTy, Tokiya, and ikki, which are the subsidiaries of Wowprime and burst out the oil scandal recently, are distributed 800 copies of questionnaires. Total 388 effective copies are retrieved with the effective rate 49%. The research results are concluded as follows. 1. Crisis Communication Strategies would affect Media Report. 2. Crisis Communication Strategies would influence Corporate Image. 3. Media Report has significantly positive effects on Managerial Capacity in Corporate Image. 4. Media Report presents remarkably positive effects on Corporate Reputation in Corporate Image. 5. Media Report shows notably positive effects on Communication News in Corporate Image. It is expected that catering businesses could enhance the countermeasures of Crisis Communication Strategies to cope with crises

Sample entropy analysis of EEG signals via artificial neural networks to model patients' consciousness level based on anesthesiologists experience.

Electroencephalogram (EEG) signals, as it can express the human brain's activities and reflect awareness, have been widely used in many research and medical equipment to build a noninvasive monitoring index to the depth of anesthesia (DOA). Bispectral (BIS) index monitor is one of the famous and important indicators for anesthesiologists primarily using EEG signals when assessing the DOA. In this study, an attempt is made to build a new indicator using EEG signals to provide a more valuable reference to the DOA for clinical researchers. The EEG signals are collected from patients under anesthetic surgery which are filtered using multivariate empirical mode decomposition (MEMD) method and analyzed using sample entropy (SampEn) analysis. The calculated signals from SampEn are utilized to train an artificial neural network (ANN) model through using expert assessment of consciousness level (EACL) which is assessed by experienced anesthesiologists as the target to train, validate, and test the ANN. The results that are achieved using the proposed system are compared to BIS index. The proposed system results show that it is not only having similar characteristic to BIS index but also more close to experienced anesthesiologists which illustrates the consciousness level and reflects the DOA successfully.This research is supported by the Center forDynamical Biomarkers and Translational Medicine, National Central University, Taiwan, which is sponsored by Ministry of Science and Technology (Grant no. MOST103-2911-I-008-001). Also, it is supported by National Chung-Shan Institute of Science & Technology in Taiwan (Grant nos. CSIST-095-V301 and CSIST-095-V302)