Ocjena učinkovitosti proizvodnje aronije na obiteljskom poljoprivrednom gospodarstvu

Aronija je voćna vrsta koja ima sve veću popularnost u Republici Hrvatskoj zbog povoljnog utjecaja na ljudsko zdravlje te zbog prisutnog trenda zdrave prehrane. Zbog prilagodljivosti biljke tlu i klimi, te malih agrotehničkih zahtjeva, raste i broj proizvođača aronije. Cilj ovog rada bio je na primjeru dvije problemske situacije (prodaja svježeg proizvoda i prerada aronije u sok) ispitati kretanje prihoda i troškova proizvodnje, radi utvrđivanja ekonomske efikasnosti poslovanja i odabira financijski održive situacije. Projekt uključuje i podizanje novog nasada aronije, pa su pomoću metoda projektnog menadžmenta prikazane faze i plan provedbe projekta. Analizom dobivenih rezultata dolazi se do zaključka kako je prerada proizvoda u sok financijski povoljnija situacija.Chokeberry is the fruit type with increasing popularity in Croatia because of its favorable impact on human health and due to the trend of healthy nutrition. Due to the adaptability of plants to soils and climates, as well as small agro-technical requirements, the number of chokeberry producers grows. The aim of this study was to examine the trend of income and production costs on the example of two problematic situations (sales of fresh products and processing chokeberry into juice), in order to determine economic efficiency of business and sustainable financial situation. The study includes establishment of new chokeberry plantations, so the plan of the project is presented, as well as its phases, using the project management methods. The analysis of the results leads to the conclusion that processing into juice gives more sustainable financial situation

Ocjena učinkovitosti proizvodnje aronije na obiteljskom poljoprivrednom gospodarstvu

Aronija je voćna vrsta koja ima sve veću popularnost u Republici Hrvatskoj zbog povoljnog utjecaja na ljudsko zdravlje te zbog prisutnog trenda zdrave prehrane. Zbog prilagodljivosti biljke tlu i klimi, te malih agrotehničkih zahtjeva, raste i broj proizvođača aronije. Cilj ovog rada bio je na primjeru dvije problemske situacije (prodaja svježeg proizvoda i prerada aronije u sok) ispitati kretanje prihoda i troškova proizvodnje, radi utvrđivanja ekonomske efikasnosti poslovanja i odabira financijski održive situacije. Projekt uključuje i podizanje novog nasada aronije, pa su pomoću metoda projektnog menadžmenta prikazane faze i plan provedbe projekta. Analizom dobivenih rezultata dolazi se do zaključka kako je prerada proizvoda u sok financijski povoljnija situacija.Chokeberry is the fruit type with increasing popularity in Croatia because of its favorable impact on human health and due to the trend of healthy nutrition. Due to the adaptability of plants to soils and climates, as well as small agro-technical requirements, the number of chokeberry producers grows. The aim of this study was to examine the trend of income and production costs on the example of two problematic situations (sales of fresh products and processing chokeberry into juice), in order to determine economic efficiency of business and sustainable financial situation. The study includes establishment of new chokeberry plantations, so the plan of the project is presented, as well as its phases, using the project management methods. The analysis of the results leads to the conclusion that processing into juice gives more sustainable financial situation

Osobitosti trendova incidencije i mortaliteta od melanoma kože u Hrvatskoj i zemljama jugoistočne Europe [Characteristics of incidence and mortality trends of malignant melanoma of the skin in Croatia and South-Eastern European countries]

Aim. To explore cutaneous malignant melanoma (CM) incidence and mortality trends for males and females of different age groups in Croatia and South-Eastern European countries (SEE), identify possible changes in the trends, and compare them with the trends in North-Western European countries (NWE). Methods. Data on incident cases and deaths from CM in Croatia were obtained from the Croatian National Cancer Registry and the Croatian Bureau of Statistics. Agestandardized rates (World Standard Population) were used to estimate the average annual percent of change (AAPC) in incidence and mortality trends 1988-2008 by joinpoint regression analysis. Incidence and mortality rate ratios according to birth cohorts were calculated using age-period cohort (APC) modelling for 1989-2013 data. Data for SEE were obtained from 11 population-based cancer registries in Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, the Czech Republic, Malta, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia and Turkey. Using Bureau of Statistics data from individual countries, age-specific rates were calculated for 25-49 ('young'), 50- 69 ('middle aged') and 70+ years ('older') groups. Using joinpoint regression analysis, AAPC in incidence and mortality trends 2000-2010 were estimated according to the age group and sex. Results. In Croatia, during the period 1988-2008, CM incidence was increasing significantly, with AAPC of 5.9% for men and 5.6% for women, and so was mortality, with AAPC of 3.0% for men and 2.4% for women. APC analysis showed that incidence rates increased in successive generations of men, whilst in women the risk of CM attenuated for the cohorts born around 1970. Male cohorts born around 1984 had about six-fold and female about four-fold higher risk of CM than the referent 1944 cohorts. Risk of CM death increased in successive generations until cohorts born around 1970 for women, and appears still not to have reached the peak for male cohorts. Incidence rates of CM across SEE were uniformly increasing. Significant increases in mortality rates were observed in middle aged men in Serbia and Bulgaria, middle aged women in Slovenia, older men in the Czech Republic, Serbia and Turkey, and older women in Slovenia and Serbia. Conclusion. CM rates in Croatia are rising. Increasing generational incidence trends indicate the need for more primary prevention efforts. Lack of decline of mortality rates, in particular in men, suggests inequalities in early detection and the consequent need for targeted interventions. CM incidence rates were still increasing across SEE, mortality trends diverged and were less favourable than in NWE. Empowering cancer registration and improving the quality of incidence and mortality data will be essential for monitoring progress in CM control. Disparities in early detection appear to be widening the gap between SEE and NWE, while the provision of care to patients with advanced disease is likely to prove a challenge for regional healthcare budget

Ocjena učinkovitosti proizvodnje aronije na obiteljskom poljoprivrednom gospodarstvu

Aronija je voćna vrsta koja ima sve veću popularnost u Republici Hrvatskoj zbog povoljnog utjecaja na ljudsko zdravlje te zbog prisutnog trenda zdrave prehrane. Zbog prilagodljivosti biljke tlu i klimi, te malih agrotehničkih zahtjeva, raste i broj proizvođača aronije. Cilj ovog rada bio je na primjeru dvije problemske situacije (prodaja svježeg proizvoda i prerada aronije u sok) ispitati kretanje prihoda i troškova proizvodnje, radi utvrđivanja ekonomske efikasnosti poslovanja i odabira financijski održive situacije. Projekt uključuje i podizanje novog nasada aronije, pa su pomoću metoda projektnog menadžmenta prikazane faze i plan provedbe projekta. Analizom dobivenih rezultata dolazi se do zaključka kako je prerada proizvoda u sok financijski povoljnija situacija.Chokeberry is the fruit type with increasing popularity in Croatia because of its favorable impact on human health and due to the trend of healthy nutrition. Due to the adaptability of plants to soils and climates, as well as small agro-technical requirements, the number of chokeberry producers grows. The aim of this study was to examine the trend of income and production costs on the example of two problematic situations (sales of fresh products and processing chokeberry into juice), in order to determine economic efficiency of business and sustainable financial situation. The study includes establishment of new chokeberry plantations, so the plan of the project is presented, as well as its phases, using the project management methods. The analysis of the results leads to the conclusion that processing into juice gives more sustainable financial situation

Possibilities of the museum as a classroom in teaching biology

Nastava u muzeju zahtjeva osmišljavanje i pripremu kako bi se svi učenici potaknuli na uključivanje i usvajanje zadanih ishoda nastave. U ovom radu istražena su tri različita pristupa nastave u muzeju. Prvi pristup uključivao je obilazak muzeja uz vodstvo kustosa muzeja (vođeni pristup), a drugi samostalni obilazak izložbe, u pratnji nastavnika, uz rješavanje prethodno pripremljenih nastavnih listića (samostalni pristup). Treći pristup, koji je nastao kao posljedica pandemijske situacije i nemogućnosti fizičkog obilaska muzeja, uključivao je virtualni obilazak muzeja uz rješavanje nastavnih listića (virtualni pristup). U sva tri pristupa ispitana je uspješnost učenja i zadovoljstvo učenika nastavom u muzeju. Rezultati znanja učenika vođenog i samostalnog pristupa pokazuju razlike i mogućnost korištenja obilaska muzeja uz nastavne listiće kao aktivne nastave. Usporedbom znanja učenika koji su posjetili i onih koji nisu posjetili virtualnu izložbu (virtualni pristup) upućuje na mogućnost korištenja virtualnih izložbi za bolje razumijevanje uzročno – posljedičnih veza. Što se zadovoljstva tiče, uočljivo je puno veće zadovoljstvo učenika nastavom u muzeju i takvim načinom rada u odnosu na nastavu u razredu, ali ne i učenika koji su „posjetili“ virtualni muzej.Museum learning requires good organization and preparation in order to include all the students in the process of learning and accepting the main outcomes of the lesson. These papers contain the research of three different methods of museum learning. The first one included the visit of the museum where the group was led by the museum custos (led approach). The second one was independent visit of the museum escorted by the teacher, and prepared worksheets were included (independent approach). The third approach appeared because of pandemic situation and impossibility to visit museums physically, included virtual visit of the museum together with solving worksheets (virtual approach). The results of learning and the satisfaction of the students were analyzed in all three methods. The results of led approach and individual approach show differences and possibility of using worksheets when visiting a museum as a part of active learning. Comparing the knowledge of students who visited virtual exhibition with those who did not, it is concluded that virtual approach can be used for better understanding of connections between causes and consequences. Regarding the satisfaction of the students, it is noticed that the students are more satisfied with the lesson in the museum than in the classroom, but it does not apply on the students who “visited” virtual museum

Completeness of data on malignant melanoma skin sites and morphology in Croatian National Cancer Registry 2000-2014: an overview of recent progress

Mortality rates and five-year relative survival for malignant melanomaMM of the skin in Croatia are poor compared with most Europeancountries. Epidemiological data recorded at the National Cancer Registry(CNCR) are used for informing various decision-makers and researchers, aswell as comparisons with other countries. We analyzed CNCR data on MMskin sites and morphology for 2000-2007 and 2008-2014 and comparedthem with European 2000-2007 data. We further stratified skin site analysesin Croatia by sex, different age groups, and sources of reports. We found 52%of case with “non-specified sites” in Croatia in 2000-2007; however, that ratiodecreased to 36% in 2008-2014, with 29% of registered MM cases occurringon the trunk, 22% on the limbs, and 13% on the head and neck. The ratio of“non-specified sites” cases in reports originating from university hospitalsdecreased by 25% and by 9.2% in those from general hospitals. The ratioof “not otherwise specified” among histologically verified cases decreasedfrom 96% in 2000-2007 to 84% in 2008-2014. Our results reveal a substantialratio of inadequately reported cases, in particular when compared to data atthe European level, where in 2000-2007 only 7.7% of cases were from “nonspecifiedsites” and 19% were of non-specified morphology. Irrespective ofrecent progress, the proportion of unspecified cases still hampers insight into sitedistribution by subgroups. A further increase in the overall completeness ofMM data within CNCR is needed to enable research-informed improvementof melanoma control in the country. Our findings call for engagement ofall stakeholders in optimization of the national melanoma registration processesand using models such as RegisTree to facilitate these initiatives.</p

Improved learning of biological concepts through the explanation of plant names

Povezivanje gradiva dva ili više nastavnih predmeta doprinosi poticanju učenika na uočavanje veza između obrađivanih sadržaja i mogućnosti primjene usvojenih sadržaja u svakodnevnom životu. U ovom radu učinjeni su koraci prema mogućem povezivanju biologije s klasičnim jezicima prilikom obrade nastavne teme Biološka raznolikost u pozitivnom i motivirajućem okruženju uz razvoj vještina korištenja stručne literature, rada na tekstu, izrade plakata, prezentiranja i suradnje s drugim učenicima. Provjera provedena nakon obrade nastavnih sadržaja pokazala je da se učenici eksperimentalne skupine bolje snalaze u primjeni znanja od kontrolne skupine, ali za značajnije rezultate potrebno je više nastavnih sadržaja obrađivati na ovaj način. Primjena ovakve nastave obećavajući je smjer kojim bi se mogli postići bolji rezultati usvajanja znanja za cjeloživotno učenje, kritičko razmišljanje i veću samostalnost pri učenju.Connecting curriculum two or more subjects, encourages students to recognize the links among different subjects and the possibility of implementing their knowledge in everyday life. In this paper Biology and Classical languages have been integrated during the tuition of the lesson Biological Differences with the purpose of learning and connecting some elements of Classical languages and Biology in positive and motivating surrounding and at the same time developing the skill of using the necessary literature, presentation and interaction with other students. Testing made after such tuition, showed that students from the experimental group possess better ability to implement their knowledge from the control group, but for the more significant results it is necessary to include more units presented and taught this way. The implementation of such teaching methods is a promising approach that might achieve better results in life learning, developing critical thinking and resulting in more independent learning

Teaching topic Respiratory system in strict epidemiological conditions

Pandemija koronavirusa postavila je nove izazove u načinu organizacije i izvođenja nastave. Osim promjena u trajanju školskog sata i broju učenika koji istovremeno smiju pohađati nastavu, zbog epidemioloških preporuka rad u grupama i parovima se ne prakticira. Time je pandemija koronavirusa uvjetovala frontalnu nastavu, koja se inače izbjegava proteklih dvadesetak godina zbog mišljenja da je za učenike takav način nastave pasivan i dosadan, te slabo potiče usvajanje znanja i razumijevanje sadržaja. Da bi se zadovoljili epidemiološki kriteriji bez kompromitiranja kvalitete nastave, u ovom radu je predložena obrada nastavne jedinice Dišni sustav i bolesti dišnog sustava, u kojoj učenici aktivno sudjeluju i bez primjene grupnog rada. Aktivnost učenika postignuta je stalnim komuniciranjem s učenicima i izmjenjivanjem samostalnog rada učenika na rješavanju zadataka i problemskih pitanja te razgovora s učenicima. Osim toga, koristio se i pristup obrnute učionice. Velika prednost u postizanju maksimalne uključenosti učenika u rad, je i manji broj učenika u učionici (polovica razreda). U nastavi je korištena informacijsko – komunikacijska tehnologija, model pluća, radni listići i izvorna stvarnost. Ovim radom pokazano je da se aktivno učenje može postići i pod strogim epidemiološkim uvjetima. Dok su u ovom radu obrađene nastavne jedinice Dišni sustav i bolesti dišnog sustava, isti principi nastave mogu se primijeniti na bilo koju nastavnu jedinicu ili temu.The coronavirus pandemic has posed new challenges in organizing and conducting classes. Apart from changes in the duration of the school hour and the number of students who are allowed to attend classes at the same time, due to epidemiological recommendations, working in groups and pairs is not practised. Thus, the coronavirus pandemic conditioned frontal teaching, which was avoided for the past twenty years due to the opinion that such a teaching method is passive and boring for students, and it does not encourage the acquisition of knowledge and understanding of the content. To meet the epidemiological criteria without compromising the quality of the teaching, this paper proposes the processing of the teaching unit Respiratory system and diseases of the respiratory system, in which the students actively participate without the use of group work. Student activity is achieved through constant communication with students and alternating independent work of students on solving tasks and problem questions, as well as conversations with students. In addition, a flipped classroom approach was used. A significant advantage in achieving maximum involvement of students is the work is the smaller number of students in the classroom (half of the class). Information and communication technology, a lung model, worksheets and actual reality were used in the class. This work showed that active learning can be achieved even under strict epidemiological conditions. While this paper covers the Respiratory System and Respiratory Diseases teaching units, the same teaching principles can be applied to any teaching unit or topic

Completeness of data on malignant melanoma skin sites and morphology in Croatian National Cancer Registry 2000-2014: an overview of recent progress

Mortality rates and five-year relative survival for malignant melanomaMM of the skin in Croatia are poor compared with most Europeancountries. Epidemiological data recorded at the National Cancer Registry(CNCR) are used for informing various decision-makers and researchers, aswell as comparisons with other countries. We analyzed CNCR data on MMskin sites and morphology for 2000-2007 and 2008-2014 and comparedthem with European 2000-2007 data. We further stratified skin site analysesin Croatia by sex, different age groups, and sources of reports. We found 52%of case with “non-specified sites” in Croatia in 2000-2007; however, that ratiodecreased to 36% in 2008-2014, with 29% of registered MM cases occurringon the trunk, 22% on the limbs, and 13% on the head and neck. The ratio of“non-specified sites” cases in reports originating from university hospitalsdecreased by 25% and by 9.2% in those from general hospitals. The ratioof “not otherwise specified” among histologically verified cases decreasedfrom 96% in 2000-2007 to 84% in 2008-2014. Our results reveal a substantialratio of inadequately reported cases, in particular when compared to data atthe European level, where in 2000-2007 only 7.7% of cases were from “nonspecifiedsites” and 19% were of non-specified morphology. Irrespective ofrecent progress, the proportion of unspecified cases still hampers insight into sitedistribution by subgroups. A further increase in the overall completeness ofMM data within CNCR is needed to enable research-informed improvementof melanoma control in the country. Our findings call for engagement ofall stakeholders in optimization of the national melanoma registration processesand using models such as RegisTree to facilitate these initiatives.</p

Making photo herbarium for raising awareness of students about plants

Iza projekta pod nazivom Zelene ulice našeg grada, pokrenutog u Prirodoslovno – grafičkoj školi u Zadru, krije se fotoherbarij. U fotoherbariju se, umjesto sušenih biljnih primjeraka, sakupljaju fotografije biljaka. Osnovna ideja je da učenici fotografiraju biljke po ulicama, parkovima i vrtovima rodnog grada pomoću fotoaparata ili smartphonea. Nakon toga određuje se rod i vrsta biljke, a onda se fotografije biljaka s pripadajućim podacima postavljaju u fotogaleriju po datumu fotografiranja. Svakoj se biljci pridružuje lokacija, tako da se na karti Zadra postavlja točkica na mjestu gdje je biljka fotografirana. Postavljanje fotografija na zemljopisnu kartu u sklopu web stranice škole, pretvara fotografije biljaka u značajnu bazu podataka koja je putem interneta dostupna svima. Izrada fotoherbarija u nastavi biologije izlazi iz okvira tradicionalne nastave, a njegova je vrijednost u poticanju učenika da kroz fotografiranje upoznaju svijet oko sebe, u ovom slučaju biljni svijet, jer su upravo biljke u najmanjem fokusu učeničke pažnje. Osim toga, pri izradi fotoherbarija integrira se nastava biologije s nastavom grafičke grupe predmeta.There is a photoherbarium hidden behind the project Green streets of our town started in Prirodoslovno-grafička škola Zadar. Instead of dry plant samples, in the photoherbarium the photos of plants are collected. The basic idea is that students take photos of various plants they can find in the streets, parks and gardens of their native town using cameras or smartphones. Next step is determining the sort and kind of each plant and after that the photos of the plants with the appropriate data are placed in the photo gallery according to the date the photo was taken. A dot (mark) is put on the map of Zadar for each plant, so they get its precise location. Marking each location on the map of Zadar and then placing it on the web pages of the school, turns the plant photos into the data base accessible to everyone. This project, incorporated into biology tuition, surpasses the traditional frames of teaching methods and its major purpose is encouraging the students to get aware of the surrounding plant world by searching and taking photos of the plants that normally don\u27t catch their attention. On the other hand, the process of making photoherbarium integrates biology tuition with the tuition of graphics group of subjects