39 research outputs found

    Validation of the French version of the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index Addendum for posttraumatic stress disorder

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    Background: Sleep disturbances are one of the main complaints of patients with trauma-related disorders. The original Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index Addendum for PTSD (PSQI-A) is self-report instrument developed to evaluate posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD)-specific sleep disturbances in trauma-exposed individuals. However, to date, the PSQI-A has not yet been translated nor validated in French. Objective: The present study aims to: a) translate the PSQI-A into French, and b) examine its psychometric properties. Method Seventy-three adult patients (mean age=40.3 [SD=15.0], 75% females) evaluated in a specialized psychotraumatology unit completed the French versions of the PSQI-A, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), and Impact Event Scale-Revised (IES-R). Results: The French version of the PSQI-A showed satisfactory internal consistency, inter-item correlations, item correlations with the total score, convergent validity with PTSD and anxiety measures, and divergent validity with a depression measure. Conclusion: Our findings support the use of the French version of the PSQI-A for both clinical care and research. The French version of the PSQI-A is an important addition to the currently available instruments that can be used to examine trauma-related sleep disturbances among French-speaking individuals

    Management of traumatic events: influence of emotion-centered coping strategies on the occurrence of dissociation and post-traumatic stress disorder

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    Our aim was to assess the influence of the coping strategies employed for the management of traumatic events on the occurrence of dissociation and traumatic disorders. We carried out a 1-year retrospective study of the cognitive management of a traumatic event in 18 subjects involved in the same road vehicle accident. The diagnosis of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) was made for 33.3% of the participants. The participants with a PTSD diagnosis 1 year after the event used emotion-centered strategies during the event more often than did those with no PTSD, P < 0.02. In the year after the traumatic event, our results show a strong link between the intensity of PTSD and the severity of the post-traumatic symptoms like dissociation (P = 0.032) and the use of emotion-centered strategies (P = 0.004). Moreover, the participants who presented Peritraumatic Dissociative Experiences Questionnaire scores above 15 made greater use of emotion-centered coping strategies than did those who did not show dissociation, P < 0.04. Our results confirm that the cognitive management of traumatic events may play an essential role in the development of a state of post-traumatic stress in the aftermath of a violent event

    Testing brief intervention and phone contact among subjects with suicidal behavior: a randomized controlled trial in French Polynesia in the frames of the World Health Organization/Suicide Trends in At-Risk Territories study

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    The World Health Organization Suicide trends in at-risk territories study is a multi-site regional research program operating first in French Polynesia and countries of the Western Pacific, then extended to the world. The aims of the study were to establish a monitoring system for suicidal behaviors and to conduct a randomised control trial intervention for non-fatal suicidal behaviors. The latter part is the purpose of the present article. Over the period 2008-2010, 515 patients were admitted at the Emergency Department of the Centre Hospitalier de Polynésie Française for suicidal behavior. Those then hospitalized in the Psychiatry Emergency Unit were asked to be involved in the study and randomly allocated to either Treatment As Usual (TAU) or TAU plus Brief Intervention and Contact (BIC), which provides a psycho-education session and a follow-up of 9 phone contacts over an 18-months period. One hundred persons were assigned to TAU, while 100 participants were allocated to the BIC group. At the end of the follow-up there were no significant differences between the two groups in terms of number of presentations to the hospital for repeated suicidal behaviors. Although the study could not demonstrate the superiority of a treatment over the other, nevertheless &ndash; given its importance &ndash; the investigation captured public attention and was able to contribute to the awareness of the need of suicide prevention in French Polynesia. The BIC model of intervention seemed to particularly suit the geographical and health care context of the country

    Les obsessions des personnes radicalisées : étude de cas

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    International audienceThere are many forms and manifestations of violent extremism, but there is no consensual definition of radicalization. Regarding the links between violent radicalization and mental health, the question of whether radicalized subjects have a specific psychopathology remains controversial. The purpose of this article is to examine to what extent the speeches and behaviors produced by these radicalized subjects reveal personality disorders. The study focuses on 20 subjects defined as "Muslim", selected on a random basis, from their written and audiovisual productions posted online (on the internet and social networks). The detailed analysis of the productions of these subjects (principal sample) and their confrontation with the opinions of the non-radicalized subjects (control sample) made it possible to highlight obsessive ideas, as well as rituals of obsessive or compulsive behaviors. These are practices that exceed, by their frequency and quantity, what is usually the case in the different ethnic and religious groups of origin.Il existe plusieurs formes et manifestations de l'extrémisme violent, mais il n'existe pas de définition consensuelle de la radicalisation. Concernant les liens entre radicalisation violente et santé mentale, la question de savoir si les sujets radicalisés présentent une psychopathologie spécifique demeure controversée. Le but de cet article est d'examiner dans quelle mesure les discours et les actes produits par ces sujets radicalisés révÚlent des troubles de la personnalité. L'étude porte sur 20 sujets qui se définissent comme « musulmans », choisis sur une base aléatoire, à partir de leurs productions écrites et audiovisuelles postées en ligne (sur l'internet et les réseaux sociaux). L'analyse détaillée des productions de ces sujets (échantillon principal) et leur confrontation aux avis des sujets non radicalisés (échantillon de contrÎle) ont permis de mettre en évidence des idées obsessionnelles, ainsi que des rituels de comportements obsessifs ou encore compulsifs. Il s'agit de pratiques qui dépassent, par leur fréquence et leur quantité, ce qui est habituellement le cas dans les différents groupes ethniques et religieux d'origine

    Etude de l'influence de la canicule d'août 2003 sur la fréquence des consultations de psychiatrie d'urgence et des comportements suicidaires

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    PARIS6-Bibl. St Antoine CHU (751122104) / SudocPARIS-BIUM (751062103) / SudocSudocFranceF

    Étude prospective d'un suivi Ă  3 mois de suicidants aprĂšs une hospitalisation pour une crise suicidaire (impact de l'alliance crĂ©Ă©e et analyse des facteurs de rechute)

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    La répétition du geste suicidaire est fréquente la premiÚre année aprÚs une tentative de suicide. Elle représente un facteur de risque du suicide à part entiÚre. Dans l unité de psychiatrie de l hÎpital Tenon (Paris 20Úme), nous nous sommes intéressés à l alliance créée entre les patients hospitalisés pour une crise suicidaire et l équipe soignante. Objectifs : déterminer des facteurs prédictifs de l alliance et étudier son impact sur la crise suicidaire trois mois aprÚs la sortie. Identifier des facteurs de risque de la rechute suicidaire et d un niveau élevé de dépression à trois mois. Méthode : étude préliminaire prospective, sur un échantillon de 36 patients, grùce à une liaison téléphonique, permettant de suivre l évolution de la crise et de prévenir les rechutes. L alliance est auto-évaluée par les patients et mesurée par l équipe grùce à l échelle Working Alliance Inventory (WAI). Le niveau de dépression est mesuré par l échelle Hospital Anxiety Depression (HAD). Analyse statistique descriptive de la cohorte et univariée des variables WAI, Rechute et HAD mesurant la dépression à trois mois. Résultats : l alliance est perçue plus forte par les patients que par l équipe. L alliance auto-évaluée par les patients est meilleure plus l environnement de l unité est ressenti positivement et plus l hospitalisation leur paraßt utile. Un niveau plus élevé de dépression et d anxiété à la sortie prédit une moins bonne alliance. La qualité de l alliance ne prédit ni la rechute, ni l observance. Le score de dépression à la sortie est prédictif du score de dépression à 3 mois. Conclusion : étude à poursuivre sur un échantillon plus étendu avec une analyse multivariéeRepeated attempts often happen in the year following a suicide attempt. The repetition itself is a risk factor for suicide. In the Psychiatry Unit in Tenon Hospital (in Paris, 20th district), we decided to analyze the alliance created between the care staff and suicidal patients that were hospitalized. Goals: to determine predictive factors of a good alliance and to analyze its impact on the suicidal crisis three months after the patients got out. To identify risk factors for suicidal relapse and high depression score after three months. Method: preliminary prospective survey on a 36 patient sample, with phone interviews to evaluate the evolution of the crisis and prevent from relapse. The alliance is evaluated by patients and by the care staff through the WAI (Work Alliance Inventory). The depression score is evaluated by the HAD (Hospital Anxiety Depression). Statistical descriptive analysis of the sample and monovaried analysis of the WAI, Relapse, and HAD variables to evaluate the depression score after three months. Results: the patients alliance score is higher than the staff s. Patients feel a better alliance when they feel the environment is positive and the hospitalization useful. A higher depression and anxiety score at the end of the hospitalization is predictive of a bad alliance. The quality of alliance is neither predictive of relapse nor of observance. The depression score at the end of the hospitalization is predictive of the depression score three months later. Conclusion: the survey should go on with bigger samples and multivaried analysisPARIS12-CRETEIL BU Médecine (940282101) / SudocSudocFranceF

    Victimes et soignants face au traumatisme psychique (étude de facteurs prédictifs péritraumatiques et validations d'instruments de mesures)

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    PARIS-BIUSJ-ThĂšses (751052125) / SudocPARIS-BIUSJ-Physique recherche (751052113) / SudocSudocFranceF

    StratĂ©gie d’évaluation des compĂ©tences au cours du diplĂŽme universitaire de rĂ©gulation des urgences mĂ©dicales

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    Contexte : La France dispose d’un numĂ©ro d’appel unique pour les urgences de santĂ©, accessible gratuitement Ă  la population. Ce sont des mĂ©decins qui traitent les appels. Le premier enseignement de rĂ©gulation des urgences mĂ©dicales a Ă©tĂ© crĂ©Ă©, dans le cadre de la formation continue, Ă  la facultĂ© de mĂ©decine de CrĂ©teil, UniversitĂ© Paris - Val de Marne. But : DĂ©crire un programme innovateur, qui alterne activitĂ©s de formation et tĂąches professionnelles rĂ©elles et prĂ©ciser les outils d’évaluation utilisĂ©s en cours de formation puis au terme de celle-ci pour attribuer la certification. MatĂ©riel : Une trentaine de mĂ©decins ont Ă©tĂ© formĂ©s chaque annĂ©e depuis 1997. RĂ©sultats : Les rĂ©sultats des Ă©valuations formatives, sommatives et l’évaluation de la mĂ©ta compĂ©tence sont dĂ©crites. Conclusion : La stratĂ©gie d’évaluation respecte une progression pĂ©dagogique, en alternance avec l’activitĂ© professionnelle
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