129 research outputs found
The use of a ward's history in training psychiatric child care workers
The importance of the contribution of historical-cultural factors to an inpatient treatment setting's contemporaneous psycho-social climate has been given little attention in published discussions of ward staff problems and training. This report illustrates some ways in which such historical-cultural forces, embodied in social myths and entrenched traditions, operate. Examples are provided from a ward of disturbed adolescents, where young child care workers struggled as a group with the daily stresses of providing therapeutic milieu support to children ambivalently seeking and resisting external controls for their feelings and impulses. The process of incorporating the analysis of historical-cultural factors in an inservice training program is described.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/44275/1/10566_2005_Article_BF01642066.pd
Institutional creativity and pathologies of potential space: The modern university
This paper proposes the applicability of object relations psychoanalytic conceptions of dialogue (Ogden, 1986, 1993) to thinking about relationships and relational structures and their governance in universities. It proposes that: the qualities of dialogic relations in creative institutions are the proper index of creative productivity; that is of, as examples, âthinkingâ (Evans, 2004), âemotional learningâ (Salzberger-Wittenburg et al., 1983) or âcriticalityâ (Barnett, 1997); contemporary institutionsâ explicit preoccupation in assuring, monitoring and managing creative âdialogueâ can, in practice, pervert creative processes and thoughtful symbolic productivity, thus inhibiting studentsâ development and the quality of âthinking spaceâ for teaching and research. In this context the paper examines uncanny and perverse connections between Paulo Freireâs (1972) account of educational empowerment and dialogics (from his Pedagogy of the oppressed) to the consumerist (see, for example, Clarke & Vidler, 2005) rhetoric of student empowerment, as mediated by some strands of managerialism in contemporary higher education. The paper grounds its critique of current models of dialogue, feedback loops, audit and other mechanisms of accountability (Power, 1997; Strathern, 2000), in a close analysis of how creative thinking emerges. The paper discusses the failure to maintain a dialogic space in humanities and social science areas in particular, exploring psychoanalytic conceptions from Donald Winnicott (1971), Milner (1979), Thomas Ogden (1986) and Csikszentmihalyi (1997). Coleridgeâs ideas about imagination as the movement of thought between subjective and objective modes are discussed in terms of both intra- and inter-subjective relational modes of âdialogueâ, which are seen as subject to pathology in the pathologically structured psychosocial environment. Current patterns of institutional governance, by micromanaging dialogic spaces, curtail the ânaturalâ rhythms and temporalities of imagination by giving an over-emphasis to the moment of outcome, at the expense of holding the necessary vagaries of process in the institutional âmindâ. On the contrary, as this paper argues, creative thinking lies in sporadic emergences at the conjunction of object/(ive) outcome and through (thought) processes
GPI Spectra of HR8799 C, D, and E in H-K Bands with KLIP Forward Modeling
We demonstrate KLIP forward modeling spectral extraction on Gemini Planet Imager coronagraphic data of HR8799, using PyKLIP. We report new and re-reduced spectrophotometry of HR8799 c, d, and e from H-K bands. We discuss a strategy for choosing optimal KLIP PSF subtraction parameters by injecting fake sources and recovering them over a range of parameters. The K1/K2 spectra for planets c and d are similar to previously published results from the same dataset. We also present a K band spectrum of HR8799e for the first time and show that our H-band spectra agree well with previously published spectra from the VLT/SPHERE instrument. We compare planets c, d, and e with M, L, and T-type field objects. All objects are consistent with low gravity mid-to-late L dwarfs, however, a lack of standard spectra for low gravity late L-type objects lead to poor fit for gravity. We place our results in context of atmospheric models presented in previous publications and discuss differences in the spectra of the three planets
The Multiplanet System TOI-421: A Warm Neptune and a Super Puffy Mini-Neptune Transiting a G9 V Star in a Visual Binary
We report the discovery of a warm Neptune and a hot sub-Neptune transiting TOI-421 (BD-14 1137, TIC 94986319), a bright (V = 9.9) G9 dwarf star in a visual binary system observed by the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) space mission in Sectors 5 and 6. We performed ground-based follow-up observationsâcomprised of Las Cumbres Observatory Global Telescope transit photometry, NIRC2 adaptive optics imaging, and FIbre-fed EchellĂ© Spectrograph, CORALIE, High Accuracy Radial velocity Planet Searcher, High Resolution Ăchelle Spectrometer, and Planet Finder Spectrograph high-precision Doppler measurementsâand confirmed the planetary nature of the 16 day transiting candidate announced by the TESS team. We discovered an additional radial velocity signal with a period of five days induced by the presence of a second planet in the system, which we also found to transit its host star. We found that the inner mini-Neptune, TOI-421 b, has an orbital period of P_b = 5.19672 ± 0.00049 days, a mass of M_b = 7.17 ± 0.66 Mâ, and a radius of R_b = 2.68^(+0.19)_(-0.18) Râ, whereas the outer warm Neptune, TOI-421 c, has a period of Pc = 16.06819 ± 0.00035 days, a mass of M_c = 16.42^(+1.06)_(-1.04) Mâ, a radius of R_c = 5.09^(+0.16)_(-0.15) Râ and a density of Ï_c = 0.685^(+0.080)_(-0.072) g cmâ»Âł. With its characteristics, the outer planet (Ï_c = 0.685^(+0.080)_(-0.072) g cmâ»Âł) is placed in the intriguing class of the super-puffy mini-Neptunes. TOI-421 b and TOI-421 c are found to be well-suited for atmospheric characterization. Our atmospheric simulations predict significant Lyα transit absorption, due to strong hydrogen escape in both planets, as well as the presence of detectable CH4 in the atmosphere of TOI-421 c if equilibrium chemistry is assumed
Randomized controlled phase IIa clinical trial of safety, pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of tenofovir and tenofovir plus levonorgestrel releasing intravaginal rings used by women in Kenya
IntroductionGlobally, many young women face the overlapping burden of HIV infection and unintended pregnancy. Protection against both may benefit from safe and effective multipurpose prevention technologies.MethodsHealthy women ages 18â34 years, not pregnant, seronegative for HIV and hepatitis B surface antigen, not using hormonal contraception, and at low risk for HIV were randomized 2:2:1 to continuous use of a tenofovir/levonorgestrel (TFV/LNG), TFV, or placebo intravaginal ring (IVR). In addition to assessing genital and systemic safety, we determined TFV concentrations in plasma and cervicovaginal fluid (CVF) and LNG levels in serum using tandem liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. We further evaluated TFV pharmacodynamics (PD) through ex vivo CVF activity against both human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1 and herpes simplex virus (HSV)-2, and LNG PD using cervical mucus quality markers and serum progesterone for ovulation inhibition.ResultsAmong 312 women screened, 27 were randomized to use one of the following IVRs: TFV/LNG (nâ=â11); TFV-only (nâ=â11); or placebo (nâ=â5). Most screening failures were due to vaginal infections. The median days of IVR use was 68 [interquartile range (IQR), 36â90]. Adverse events (AEs) were distributed similarly among the three arms. There were two non-product related AEs graded >2. No visible genital lesions were observed. Steady state geometric mean amount (ssGMA) of vaginal TFV was comparable in the TFV/LNG and TFV IVR groups, 43,988 ng/swab (95% CI, 31,232, 61,954) and 30337â
ng/swab (95% CI, 18,152, 50,702), respectively. Plasma TFV steady state geometric mean concentration (ssGMC) was <10â
ng/ml for both TFV IVRs. In vitro, CVF anti-HIV-1 activity showed increased HIV inhibition over baseline following TFV-eluting IVR use, from a median of 7.1% to 84.4% in TFV/LNG, 15.0% to 89.5% in TFV-only, and â27.1% to â20.1% in placebo participants. Similarly, anti-HSV-2 activity in CVF increased >50 fold after use of TFV-containing IVRs. LNG serum ssGMC was 241â
pg/ml (95% CI 185, 314) with rapid rise after TFV/LNG IVR insertion and decline 24-hours post-removal (586â
pg/ml [95% CI 473, 726] and 87â
pg/ml [95% CI 64, 119], respectively).ConclusionTFV/LNG and TFV-only IVRs were safe and well tolerated among Kenyan women. Pharmacokinetics and markers of protection against HIV-1, HSV-2, and unintended pregnancy suggest the potential for clinical efficacy of the multipurpose TFV/LNG IVR.Clinical Trial RegistrationNCT03762382 [https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03762382
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