Teacher Agency and the Implementation of Restorative Justice

The purpose of this mixed methods study was to examine the implementation of Restorative Justice in an urban central California high school through the lens of administrators, and teacher perceptions of agency, campus climate, and impact of the implementation. The participating school in this study defined their implementation of Restorative Justice as Restorative Practices. The Quality Implementation Framework (Durlak, Meyers, & Wandersman, 2012) guided the development of the literature review and created the framework for the study. This mixed-methods sequential explanatory study examined the relationship between teacher perceptions of agency, school climate, and the implementation of Restorative Practices. Teachers at the participating school completed a survey to measure perceptions of agency, campus climate, and the implementation of Restorative Practices. Additionally, the study included interviews with the principal, Restorative Practices Counselor, and ten teachers. Correlations were used to determine the relationship of teacher perceptions of agency to their perceptions of campus climate and Restorative Practices implementation. Correlations revealed a strong relationship between teacher perceptions of agency and campus climate. Additionally, correlations revealed a strong relationship between teacher perceptions of agency and Restorative Practices implementation. Teacher interviews revealed that perceptions of Restorative Practices on campus remained consistent over the three years between implementation and the time of the study. Data from the ten teacher interviews suggested that greater than 50% of all teachers disapproved of the implementation of Restorative Practices. The level of disapproval remained consistent over the past three years. Finally, interviews described the implementation process of Restorative Practices

The Facts Behind the Media Coverage, the Sentence that Launched a Recall

In March of 2016, a jury convicted Brock Allen Turner of assault with intent to commit rape, sexual penetration of an intoxicated person, and sexual penetration of an unconscious person.1 The story of Turner’s prosecution attracted national attention even before he was sentenced. Turner, then a 19-year-old Stanford University athlete, sexually assaulted 22-year-old Jane Doe 1 while she was unconscious behind a dumpster near a fraternity house on campus. The media attention escalated to viral status when Turner received the sentencing decision from Judge Aaron Persky, who at the time had been a judge on the Santa Clara County Superior Court for over a decade. The media headlines almost wrote themselves: on the three felony counts, Turner faced up to fourteen years in state prison; but Judge Persky rejected the prosecutor’s sentencing recommendation of six years in prison and instead granted Turner probation and sentenced him to a total of six months in county jail.2 Under a California law that allows inmates to earn one day off their sentence for each day of good behavior,3 Mr. Turner served a total of only three months, and was released in early September 2016

Bacterial Removal Efficiency of a Bioswale Located in Lockwood Folly, a Coastal Watershed in North Carolina

NC Department of Transportation (NCDOT) has obtained, through partnerships with private sector, an engineered soil to enhance removal of fecal bacteria when used in conjunction with stormwater Best Management Practices, such as bioretention cells. The efficacy of this media is being tested at a site in Lockwood Folly, NC where a TMDL for fecal coliforms was approved by the NC Department of Natural Resources in 2010 to address shellfish harvesting impairments in the nearby estuary. Mechanisms for bacterial removal are a\ributed to: (1) retention of particles to which microbes adsorb and (2) mortality due to grazing by protozoans harbored by the soils. Funding is being provided by NC DOT as part of a program to evaluate pollutant removal efficiencies of various BMPs for road runoff treatment. NCDOT’s NPDES permit requires the retrofit of 50 stormwater BMPs in each 5 year cycle; they optimize their retrofits through results of research. The results of this assessment work are of much interest to South Carolina due to the large number of monitoring sites with fecal bacteria impairments that are located in settings similar to the Lockwood Folly watershed, the relatively low cost of the media, and the option of retrofitting existing BMP\u27s to enhance bacteria removal

Influential Article Review - Examining the Bunkering Choice Determinants The Case of the Port of Antwerp

This paper examines transportation. We present insights from a highly influential paper. Here are the highlights from this paper: From a European, regional and local perspective, as well as from the perspective of port authorities, it is important that waterborne transport becomes sustainable. As possible solutions to comply with new types of legislation (SECA-zones), shipping companies consider amongst others the use of liquefied natural gas (LNG) and low sulphur fuel. An important aspect in the choice of fuel are the current bunker strategies of the shipping companies. Therefore, this research deals with the bunker market and wants to increase the insight into the strategy of the shipping companies, why they bunker in Antwerp or in another port (e.g. Rotterdam). Which criteria are the most important: the price per tonne, the quality of the fuel, or another characteristic (e.g. calling pattern)?The research question is answered with a discrete choice experiment, evaluating the preferences of the shipping lines. A multinomial logit model is chosen for this experiment because of the low expected number of respondents. The research is further expanded with more in-depth interviews with bunkering decision makers of various shipping companies. For our overseas readers, we then present the insights from this paper in Spanish, French, Portuguese, and German

Essays on Regulatory Uncertainty & Energy Development in the American West

This dissertation undertakes an analysis of regulation in the American West, investigating the effects of expropriation uncertainty and technological change in the leasing process.The first chapter explores the possible expropriation of drilling rights due to the addition of the sage-grouse under the Endangered Species Act. Leveraging prior decisions of the US Fish and Wildlife Service, I estimate there was a 52.6% chance the sage-grouse would be listed. Using the real-options framework of Kellogg (2014) and constructing an extension of his simulation to accommodate expropriation risk parameterized by real-world drilling data, I find that developers are expected to delay spudding wells to wait out the uncertainty. This result is corroborated with a Cox proportional hazards model. Additionally, using a difference-in-differences model I find robust evidence that developers reduce their bids for leases commensurate with the expected reduction in profits from possible regulation, and using a conditional logit discrete choice model I find evidence that firms abandon core sage-grouse habitat. Lastly, I find no evidence that developers increase the extraction rate of drilled wells. The second chapter investigates expropriation risk in the context of ozone pollution controls from the Environmental Protection Agency. Here, I find a hurry-up-and-drill response. I place this result within the literature of the green paradox, and find that the EPA regulation did not produce a green paradox but if costs were lower, or if the regulation were modified, a green paradox would have existed and briefly result in higher emissions under a stricter regulatory regime. The policy takeaway is that regulators should avoid a long announcement period, as it gives developers time to drain wells before regulation occurs. The third chapter is a cost/benefit test of auctioning drilling leases online rather than in-person. I leverage the fact that only specific leasing jurisdictions transitioned to an online system called EnergyNet in late 2016 to estimate the causal effect of moving to online leasing. I estimate that a given parcel sold online versus in-person will generate 40% higher bids against only a 2% extra cost

Shear Stress Measurements of Non-Spherical Particles in High Shear Rate Flows

The behavior of liquid-solid flows varies greatly depending on fluid viscosity; particle and liquid inertia; and collisions and near-collisions between particles. Shear stress measurements were made in a coaxial rheometer with a height to gap ratio (b/r0) of 11.7 and gap to outer radius ratio (h/b) of 0.166 that was specially designed to minimize the effects of secondary flows. Experiments were performed for a range of Reynolds numbers, solid fractions and ratio of particle to fluid densities. With neutrally buoyant particles, the dimensional shear stress exhibits a linear dependence on Reynolds number: the slope is monotonic but a non-linear function of the solid fraction. Though non-neutrally buoyant particles exhibit a similar linear dependence at higher Reynolds numbers, at lower values the shear stress exhibits a non-linear behavior in which the stress increases with decreasing Reynolds number due to particle settling