pH effect on the synthesis of different size silver nanoparticles evaluated by DLS and their size-dependent antimicrobial activity

This paper reports citrate-stabilized silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) synthesized by nitrate ion chemical reduction with sodium borohydride, at different pHs (2–9). The AgNPs synthesized by this method exhibited size distribution from 5 to 249 nm, depending on pH, as determined by dynamic light scattering, and morphology spherical, as determined by transmission electron microscopy. In pH range 3–7 occurred aggregation of the nanoparticles. The size distribution depending on pH was determined by dynamic light scattering. The zeta potential was determined, and the colloidal stability was correlated with nanoparticles aggregation at different pHs. The size-dependent antimicrobial activity was evaluated for two solutions, wherein both samples exhibited antimicrobial activity, although the smallest AgNPs without agglomeration have enhanced antimicrobial properties.Keywords: Silver Nanoparticles, Zeta Potential, Dynamic Light Scattering, Size Distribution, Antimicrobial Activity

Infected pancreatic necrosis: outcomes and clinical predictors of mortality. A post hoc analysis of the MANCTRA-1 international study

: The identification of high-risk patients in the early stages of infected pancreatic necrosis (IPN) is critical, because it could help the clinicians to adopt more effective management strategies. We conducted a post hoc analysis of the MANCTRA-1 international study to assess the association between clinical risk factors and mortality among adult patients with IPN. Univariable and multivariable logistic regression models were used to identify prognostic factors of mortality. We identified 247 consecutive patients with IPN hospitalised between January 2019 and December 2020. History of uncontrolled arterial hypertension (p = 0.032; 95% CI 1.135-15.882; aOR 4.245), qSOFA (p = 0.005; 95% CI 1.359-5.879; aOR 2.828), renal failure (p = 0.022; 95% CI 1.138-5.442; aOR 2.489), and haemodynamic failure (p = 0.018; 95% CI 1.184-5.978; aOR 2.661), were identified as independent predictors of mortality in IPN patients. Cholangitis (p = 0.003; 95% CI 1.598-9.930; aOR 3.983), abdominal compartment syndrome (p = 0.032; 95% CI 1.090-6.967; aOR 2.735), and gastrointestinal/intra-abdominal bleeding (p = 0.009; 95% CI 1.286-5.712; aOR 2.710) were independently associated with the risk of mortality. Upfront open surgical necrosectomy was strongly associated with the risk of mortality (p < 0.001; 95% CI 1.912-7.442; aOR 3.772), whereas endoscopic drainage of pancreatic necrosis (p = 0.018; 95% CI 0.138-0.834; aOR 0.339) and enteral nutrition (p = 0.003; 95% CI 0.143-0.716; aOR 0.320) were found as protective factors. Organ failure, acute cholangitis, and upfront open surgical necrosectomy were the most significant predictors of mortality. Our study confirmed that, even in a subgroup of particularly ill patients such as those with IPN, upfront open surgery should be avoided as much as possible. Study protocol registered in ClinicalTrials.Gov (I.D. Number NCT04747990)

Nanopartículas de óxido de ítrio dopado com Eu3+ contendo prata

Este trabalho apresenta o estudo da decomposição térmica em diferentes temperaturas da resina precursora obtida pelo método citrato, assim como as características estruturais e as propriedades ópticas dos materiais constituídos por Y2O3 dopado com Eu3+ em diferentes proporções e Y2O3:Eu3+ 5% at. contendo Ag também em diferentes proporções. Estudos das propriedades fotoluminescentes e estruturais dessa matriz cristalina obtida pelo método citrato revelaram que a dopagem de 5% at. de Eu3+ em Y2O3 apresenta a maior intensidade relativa de emissão e essa proporção de Eu3+ foi utilizada no estudo da decomposição térmica da resina precursora. A partir dos resultados de decomposição térmica o co-dopante Ag foi adicionado em 1, 3, 5 e 7% na preparação da resina, posteriormente tratada em 750 ºC/4 h e 900 ºC/4 h para a obtenção dos materiais. Com 1% de Ag e tratamento a 750 ºC/4 h o material apresenta a maior intensidade de emissão e a formação de nanopartículas de Ag0, comprovada por voltametria cíclica e por reflectância na região do UV-Vis. Já, no material tratado a 900ºC/4 h, não é observada a formação de nanopartículas de Ag0, no entanto, a amostra Y2O3:Eu3+ contendo 1% de Ag apresenta a maior intensidade relativa de emissão. O filme preparado com nanopartículas de Y2O3:Eu3+ 5% at. contendo 1% de Ag obtidas a 900 ºC/4 h foi recoberto com siloxano preparado a partir de solução de metiltrimetoxisilano. Esse filme recoberto apresenta boa aderência ao substrato vítreo assim como luminescência detectável. Assim, os métodos utilizados para a preparação do material luminescente Y2O3:Eu3+ contendo 1% de Ag e para a deposição dos filmes são adequados para otimização de propriedades fotoluminescentes.This work deals with the thermal decomposition study of the precursor resin prepared from the citrate method in different heat treatment temperatures along with structural features and optical properties of materials composed by Y2O3 containing Eu3+ in different molar ratios: Y2O3:Eu3+ 5 at.% containing 1, 3, 5 and 7 at.% of Ag prepared at 750 ºC / 4 h and 900º C / 4 h. The studies on the structural and optical properties revealed that the addition of 5 at.% of Eu3+ to the Y2O3 matrix gave rise to the highest relative emission intensity. This amount of Eu3+ was used in the thermal decomposition study of the precursor resin. Therefore the co-dopant Ag was added to the resin preparation and it was heat treated at 750 ºC / 4h and 900 ºC / 4h. Among the materials obtained at 750 ºC / 4 h it was observed the formation of Ag0 nanoparticles when Ag was present in 1 at.%, as also evidenced by cyclic voltammetry and UV-Vis reflectance spectroscopy. This was the sample liable for the highest emission intensity among all materials. The formation of Ag0 nanoparticles was not observed in the material fired at 900 ºC / 4 h, even though the highest relative emission intensity was obtained for the sample Y2O3:Eu3+ containing 1 at.% of Ag compared to materials prepared at 750 ºC / 4 h. Then this material was chosen for the preparation of the luminescent film. The film prepared with Y2O3:Eu3+ nanoparticles containing 1 at.% of Ag fired at 900 ºC / 4 h was covered with silanol obtained from an MTMS solution. The covered film presented suitable adherence to the glass substrate as well as good luminescence. This way the preparation method of the luminescent material Y2O3:Eu3+ containing 1 at.% of Ag, along as that of the film, turned out to be successful in preparing materials with high relative emission intensity and good adherence to the substrate, respectively.Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP

Nanopartículas de óxido de ítrio dopado com Eu3+ contendo prata

Este trabalho apresenta o estudo da decomposição térmica em diferentes temperaturas da resina precursora obtida pelo método citrato, assim como as características estruturais e as propriedades ópticas dos materiais constituídos por Y2O3 dopado com Eu3+ em diferentes proporções e Y2O3:Eu3+ 5% at. contendo Ag também em diferentes proporções. Estudos das propriedades fotoluminescentes e estruturais dessa matriz cristalina obtida pelo método citrato revelaram que a dopagem de 5% at. de Eu3+ em Y2O3 apresenta a maior intensidade relativa de emissão e essa proporção de Eu3+ foi utilizada no estudo da decomposição térmica da resina precursora. A partir dos resultados de decomposição térmica o co-dopante Ag foi adicionado em 1, 3, 5 e 7% na preparação da resina, posteriormente tratada em 750 ºC/4 h e 900 ºC/4 h para a obtenção dos materiais. Com 1% de Ag e tratamento a 750 ºC/4 h o material apresenta a maior intensidade de emissão e a formação de nanopartículas de Ag0, comprovada por voltametria cíclica e por reflectância na região do UV-Vis. Já, no material tratado a 900ºC/4 h, não é observada a formação de nanopartículas de Ag0, no entanto, a amostra Y2O3:Eu3+ contendo 1% de Ag apresenta a maior intensidade relativa de emissão. O filme preparado com nanopartículas de Y2O3:Eu3+ 5% at. contendo 1% de Ag obtidas a 900 ºC/4 h foi recoberto com siloxano preparado a partir de solução de metiltrimetoxisilano. Esse filme recoberto apresenta boa aderência ao substrato vítreo assim como luminescência detectável. Assim, os métodos utilizados para a preparação do material luminescente Y2O3:Eu3+ contendo 1% de Ag e para a deposição dos filmes são adequados para otimização de propriedades fotoluminescentes.This work deals with the thermal decomposition study of the precursor resin prepared from the citrate method in different heat treatment temperatures along with structural features and optical properties of materials composed by Y2O3 containing Eu3+ in different molar ratios: Y2O3:Eu3+ 5 at.% containing 1, 3, 5 and 7 at.% of Ag prepared at 750 ºC / 4 h and 900º C / 4 h. The studies on the structural and optical properties revealed that the addition of 5 at.% of Eu3+ to the Y2O3 matrix gave rise to the highest relative emission intensity. This amount of Eu3+ was used in the thermal decomposition study of the precursor resin. Therefore the co-dopant Ag was added to the resin preparation and it was heat treated at 750 ºC / 4h and 900 ºC / 4h. Among the materials obtained at 750 ºC / 4 h it was observed the formation of Ag0 nanoparticles when Ag was present in 1 at.%, as also evidenced by cyclic voltammetry and UV-Vis reflectance spectroscopy. This was the sample liable for the highest emission intensity among all materials. The formation of Ag0 nanoparticles was not observed in the material fired at 900 ºC / 4 h, even though the highest relative emission intensity was obtained for the sample Y2O3:Eu3+ containing 1 at.% of Ag compared to materials prepared at 750 ºC / 4 h. Then this material was chosen for the preparation of the luminescent film. The film prepared with Y2O3:Eu3+ nanoparticles containing 1 at.% of Ag fired at 900 ºC / 4 h was covered with silanol obtained from an MTMS solution. The covered film presented suitable adherence to the glass substrate as well as good luminescence. This way the preparation method of the luminescent material Y2O3:Eu3+ containing 1 at.% of Ag, along as that of the film, turned out to be successful in preparing materials with high relative emission intensity and good adherence to the substrate, respectively.Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP