2,098 research outputs found
An examination of gender differences in attitudes towards partner infidelity
The present study is designed to take a new approach to studying gender differences in reactions to partner infidelity by measuring attitudes toward partner infidelity. No previous studies have directly examined attitudes toward partner sexual versus emotional infidelity, nor have studies assessed the strength of these attitudes. Thus, this study was designed as an initial investigation of overall evaluative differences between men and women. It was found that women held significantly more negative attitudes towards emotional infidelity than did men, with no gender differences in attitude held towards sexual infidelity. For sexual infidelity, more positive attitudes toward partner sexual infidelity were associated with lower reported distress for both men and women, with the relationship being significantly more pronounced for men. For emotional infidelity, attitude strength moderated the relationship between attitude towards emotional infidelity and distress about emotional infidelity. There was a significant relationship between attitudes toward partner emotional infidelity and distress when attitude strength was high but not when attitude strength was low.Department of Psychological ScienceThesis (M.A.
Fidelity for imperfect postselection
We describe a simple measure of fidelity for mixed state postselecting
devices. The measure is most appropriate for postselection where the task
performed by the output is only effected by a specific state.Comment: 8 Pages, 8 Figure
Local Retrodiction Models for Photon-Noise-Limited Images
Imaging technologies working at very low light levels acquire data by attempting to count the number of photons impinging on each pixel. Especially in cases with, on average, less than one photocount per pixel the resulting images are heavily corrupted by Poissonian noise and a host of successful algorithms trying to reconstruct the original image from this noisy data have been developed. Here we review a recently proposed scheme that complements these algorithms by calculating the full probability distribution for the local intensity distribution behind the noisy photocount measurements. Such a probabilistic treatment opens the way to hypothesis testing and confidence levels for conclusions drawn from image analysis
Quantum retrodiction in open systems
Quantum retrodiction involves finding the probabilities for various
preparation events given a measurement event. This theory has been studied for
some time but mainly as an interesting concept associated with time asymmetry
in quantum mechanics. Recent interest in quantum communications and
cryptography, however, has provided retrodiction with a potential practical
application. For this purpose quantum retrodiction in open systems should be
more relevant than in closed systems isolated from the environment. In this
paper we study retrodiction in open systems and develop a general master
equation for the backward time evolution of the measured state, which can be
used for calculating preparation probabilities. We solve the master equation,
by way of example, for the driven two-level atom coupled to the electromagnetic
field.Comment: 12 pages, no figure
Grassmann phase space theory for fermions
A phase space theory for fermions has been developed using Grassmann phase space variables which can be used in numerical calculations for cold Fermi gases and for large fermion numbers. Numerical calculations are feasible because Grassmann stochastic variables at later times are related linearly to such variables at earlier times via c-number stochastic quantities. A Grassmann field version has been developed making large fermion number applications possible. Applications are shown for few mode and field theory cases
Measurement-driven dynamics for a coherently-excited atom
The phenomenon of telegraphing in a measurement-driven two-level atom was noted in Cresser et al. [Cresser, J.D.; Barnett, S.M.; Jeffers, J.; Pegg, D.T. Opt. Commun. 2006, 264, 352361]. Here we introduce two quantitative measures of telegraphing: one based on the accumulated measurement record and one on the evolution of the quantum state. We use these to analyse the dynamics of the atom over a wide range of parameters. We find, in particular, that the measures provide broadly similar statistics when the measurements are frequent, but differ widely when measurements are sparse. This is in line with intuition, and demonstrates the utility of both measures
Retrodiction as a tool for micromaser field measurements
We use retrodictive quantum theory to describe cavity field measurements by
successive atomic detections in the micromaser. We calculate the state of the
micromaser cavity field prior to detection of sequences of atoms in either the
excited or ground state, for atoms that are initially prepared in the excited
state. This provides the POM elements, which describe such sequences of
measurements.Comment: 20 pages, 4(8) figure
Constraining the Circumbinary Envelope of Z CMa via imaging polarimetry
Z CMa is a complex binary system, composed of a Herbig Be and an FU Ori star.
The Herbig star is surrounded by a dust cocoon of variable geometry, and the
whole system is surrounded by an infalling envelope. Previous
spectropolarimetric observations have reported a preferred orientation of the
polarization angle, perpendicular to the direction of a large, parsec-sized jet
associated with the Herbig star. The variability in the amount of polarized
light has been associated to changes in the geometry of the dust cocoon that
surrounds the Herbig star. We aim to constrain the properties of Z CMa by means
of imaging polarimetry at optical wavelengths. Using ExPo, a dual-beam imaging
polarimeter which operates at optical wavelengths, we have obtained imaging
(linear) polarimetric data of Z CMa. Our observations were secured during the
return to quiescence after the 2008 outburst. We detect three polarized
features over Z CMa. Two of these features are related to the two jets reported
in this system: the large jet associated to the Herbig star, and the micro-jet
associated to the FU Ori star. Our results suggest that the micro-jet extends
to a distance ten times larger than reported in previous studies. The third
feature suggests the presence of a hole in the dust cocoon that surrounds the
Herbig star of this system. According to our simulations, this hole can produce
a pencil beam of light that we see scattered off the low-density envelope
surrounding the system.Comment: Accepted for publication in A\&
Retrodictive states and two-photon quantum imaging
We use retrodictive quantum theory to analyse two-photon quantum imaging
systems. The formalism is particularly suitable for calculating conditional
probability distributions.Comment: 5 pages, 3 figure
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