Supermaximal Recession and Resection in Large-Angle Sensory Exotropia

In cases of extropia with an exodeviation angle over 50 prism diopter (PD), a 3- or 4-muscle surgery is a rational option. But, in patients with sensory exotropia, there is usually a strong preference for a monocular procedure to avoid surgery on the single seeing eye. Thus, we confined surgery to visually poor eyes, and performed a medial rectus muscle resection with a mean of 10.3 mm (range, 9-11 mm) and a lateral rectus muscle recession with a mean of 12.8 mm (range, 10-14 mm) in 4 adult sensory exotropia patients who had a mean deviation of 82.3 PD (range, 75-90 PD). The mean postoperative angle of exodeviation was 2.0 PD (range, ortho-8 PD). The limitation on abduction was not disfiguring. Other expected disfigurements, such as narrowing of the palpebral fissure or enophthalmos, were not conspicuous. The mean follow-up period was 4.5 months (range, 3-7 months). In large-angle sensory exotropia, instead of additive surgery on the seeing eye, supermaximal medial rectus resection and lateral rectus recession only on the visually poor eye is a clinically feasible surgical option

Spontaneous Intraperitoneal Bladder Perforation Associated with Urothelial Carcinoma with Divergent Histologic Differentiation, Diagnosed by CT Cystography

Spontaneous bladder perforation is a very rare event. Prompt diagnosis of this injury is very important, particularly with intraperitoneal perforation, because mortality increases if surgical repair is delayed. Previous studies have reported that plain cystography is the primary modality of imaging study rather than relatively insensitive computed tomography (CT) when bladder perforation is suspected. We report here a rare case of spontaneous intraperitoneal perforation of the bladder associated with urothelial carcinoma with divergent histologic differentiation, as diagnosed with CT cystography

A strategy for production of 1,4-pentanediol from cellulose and hemicellulose of lignocellulose biomass

Many studies have developed simulation models of bio-based process for production of liquid transportation fuels (bio-gasoline and biodiesel) from lignocellulosic biomass (containing cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin) and conducted economic analysis of the process. However, because of a sharp decrease in the price of crude oil based liquid transportation fuels in entire world today, lignocellulosic biofuels process cannot yet compete with the crude oil based process. Alternatively, production of value-added chemicals instead of biofuels has been considered as a viable option using lignocellulosic biomass. In this study we develop a catalytic process and perform an economic analysis for production of 1,4-pentanediol from lignocellulosic biomass. 1,4-pentanediol was used in the preparation of poly(ortho ester). In the process, the cellulose and hemicellulose are simultaneously converted to levulinic acid (LA) using γ-valerolactone (GVL) as a solvent. The LA is then converted to GVL in the presence of GVL and subsequently to 1,4-pentandiol. The simulation models of bio-based process are developed using ASPEN Plus simulator. Moreover, in order to reduce the total process energy requirements, heat integration of the process has conducted using Aspen Energy Analyzer. Our energy analysis shows that the total energy requirements could be satisfied from combustion of the biomass residues (lignin). Our economic analysis shows that minimum selling price of 1,4-pentanediol is $1.57 per kg which is compete with the market price of crude oil based one.Papers presented to the 12th International Conference on Heat Transfer, Fluid Mechanics and Thermodynamics, Costa de Sol, Spain on 11-13 July 2016

Episodic astasia-abasia associated with hyperperfusion in the subthalamic region and dorsal brainstem

Astasia-abasia refers to the inability to stand or walk despite possessing good motor strength and conserved voluntary coordination. Although it is usually regarded as a psychogenic disorder, organic causes have been reported. Herein we describe a patient who presented with alcohol-induced episodic astasia-abasia. Interestingly, SPECT performed during an episode showed hyperperfusion in the dorsal brainstem and subthalamic region. These areas roughly coincide with the mesencephalic locomotor region and subthalamic locomotor region, respectively, and it is conceivable that abnormal neural activity in these areas is related to the symptoms in our patient.Musienko PE, 2008, BEHAV BRAIN RES, V190, P124, DOI 10.1016/j.bbr.2008.02.011Jahn K, 2008, NEUROIMAGE, V39, P786, DOI 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2007.09.047Song IU, 2007, EUR NEUROL, V57, P106, DOI 10.1159/000098061Kataoka H, 2006, STROKE, V37, pE3, DOI 10.1161/01.STR.0000195046.89926.98Lee PH, 2005, EUR J NEUROL, V12, P317Hathout GM, 2005, AM J ROENTGENOL, V184, P953Ouchi Y, 2001, J CEREBR BLOOD F MET, V21, P1058Yazici KM, 1998, PSYCHIAT RES-NEUROIM, V83, P163TIIHONEN J, 1994, AM J PSYCHIAT, V151, P1505MASDEU JC, 1994, ANN NEUROL, V35, P619FELICE KJ, 1990, NEUROLOGY, V40, P1004MASDEU JC, 1988, ANN NEUROL, V23, P596

Multiple Epidermoid Cysts Arising from the Extratesticular Scrotal, Spermatic Cord and Perineal Area

An extratesticular scrotal epidermoid cyst is a relatively very rare condition, and an epidermoid cyst arising from the spermatic cord area is extremely rare. We report a case of multiple epidermoid cysts arising from the extratesticular scrotum, spermatic cord, and lower extremities. To our best knowledge, concomitant occurrence of these lesions has not been reported previously in the literature

VHF meteor radar at King Sejong Station, Antarctica

Since 2002, we have been observing the mesosphere and lower thermosphere (MLT) region over King Sejong Station (KSS; 62.22°S, 58.78°W), Antarctica, using various instruments such as the Spectral Airglow Temperature Imager (SATI), All Sky Camera (ASC) and VHF meteor radar. The meteor radar, installed in March 2007, continuously measures neutral winds in the altitude region 70–110 km and neutral temperature near the mesopause 24 h∙d-1, regardless of weather conditions. In this study, we present results of an analysis of the neutral wind data for gravity wave activity over the tip of the Antarctic Peninsula, where such activity is known to be very high. Also presented is temperature estimation from measurement of the decay times of meteor trails, which is compared with other temperature measurements from SATI and the Sounding of the Atmosphere using Broadband Emission Radiometry (SABER) instrument onboard the Thermosphere Ionosphere Mesosphere Energy and Dynamics (TIMED) satellite

Interpretable pap smear cell representation for cervical cancer screening

Screening is critical for prevention and early detection of cervical cancer but it is time-consuming and laborious. Supervised deep convolutional neural networks have been developed to automate pap smear screening and the results are promising. However, the interest in using only normal samples to train deep neural networks has increased owing to class imbalance problems and high-labeling costs that are both prevalent in healthcare. In this study, we introduce a method to learn explainable deep cervical cell representations for pap smear cytology images based on one class classification using variational autoencoders. Findings demonstrate that a score can be calculated for cell abnormality without training models with abnormal samples and localize abnormality to interpret our results with a novel metric based on absolute difference in cross entropy in agglomerative clustering. The best model that discriminates squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) from normals gives 0.908 +- 0.003 area under operating characteristic curve (AUC) and one that discriminates high-grade epithelial lesion (HSIL) 0.920 +- 0.002 AUC. Compared to other clustering methods, our method enhances the V-measure and yields higher homogeneity scores, which more effectively isolate different abnormality regions, aiding in the interpretation of our results. Evaluation using in-house and additional open dataset show that our model can discriminate abnormality without the need of additional training of deep models.Comment: 20 pages, 6 figure

Design of exceptionally strong and conductive Cu alloys beyond the conventional speculation via the interfacial energy-controlled dispersion of gamma-Al2O3 nanoparticles

The development of Cu-based alloys with high-mechanical properties (strength, ductility) and electrical conductivity plays a key role over a wide range of industrial applications. Successful design of the materials, however, has been rare due to the improvement of mutually exclusive properties as conventionally speculated. In this paper, we demonstrate that these contradictory material properties can be improved simultaneously if the interfacial energies of heterogeneous interfaces are carefully controlled. We uniformly disperse γ-Al2O3 nanoparticles over Cu matrix, and then we controlled atomic level morphology of the interface γ-Al2O3 //Cu by adding Ti solutes. It is shown that the Ti dramatically drives the interfacial phase transformation from very irregular to homogeneous spherical morphologies resulting in substantial enhancement of the mechanical property of Cu matrix. Furthermore, the Ti removes impurities (O and Al) in the Cu matrix by forming oxides leading to recovery of the electrical conductivity of pure Cu. We validate experimental results using TEM and EDX combined with first-principles density functional theory (DFT) calculations, which all consistently poise that our materials are suitable for industrial applications.1