1,739 research outputs found

    Sharp spectral bounds for complex perturbations of the indefinite Laplacian

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    We derive quantitative bounds for eigenvalues of complex perturbations of the indefinite Laplacian on the real line. Our results substantially improve existing results even for real-valued potentials. For L1L^1-potentials, we obtain optimal spectral enclosures which accommodate also embedded eigenvalues, while our result for LpL^p-potentials yield sharp spectral bounds on the imaginary parts of eigenvalues of the perturbed operator for all p[1,)p\in[1,\infty). The sharpness of the results are demonstrated by means of explicit examples.Comment: References added before Theorem 2 and

    Influence of meristem-tip size and location on morphological development in Dioscorea cayenensis-D. rotundata complex 'Grosse Caille' and one genotype of D. praehensilis

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    Les effets de la taille et de la position apicale ou axillaire du méristème sur la viabilité et le développement morphologique, après 3, 8 et 11 mois de culture in vitro, ont été étudiés. La plus grande taille des méristèmes a donné le meilleur enracinement et la meilleure formation de plantule tandis que la plus petite taille a donné le plus fort taux de production de bourgeons. Les bourgeons axillaires ont présenté une callogenèse et un enracinement plus intense que pour les méristèmes d'origine apicale quand les méristèmes de petite taille du clone "Grosse Caille" ont été utilisés; l'utilisation de méristèmes caulinaires de plus grande taille n'a pas permis de mettre en évidence plus de différences entre les bourgeons d'origine apicale et ceux d'origine axillaire. La production de plantules enracinées a été réalisée avec succès, après 11 mois de culture, avec un taux de 82 à 39 % de survivants, respectivement pour le clone "Grosse Caille" et pour le génotype #D. praehensilis$. (Résumé d'auteur

    IVIg TREATMENT OF PEMPHIGUS: How it Works and How to Use it

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    THE GENETIC CONTROL OF ANTIBODY SPECIFICITY

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    The immune response to a synthetic polypeptide built on multichain polyproline, poly-L-(Tyr,Glu)-poly-L-Pro-poly-L-Lys [(T,G)-Pro--L], in the offspring of a cross between DBA/1 and SJL mice is under a genetic control superficially similar to the one operating for the immune response to a similar synthetic polypeptide built on multichain polyalanine, poly-L-(Tyr,Glu)-poly-D,L-Ala-poly-L-Lys [(T,G)-A--L], in the offspring of a cross between CBA and C57 mice. In both cases, the genetic control is a quantitative trait in which the major gene(s) is (are) dominant and the trait is not linked to any of the known structural genes coding for mouse immunoglobulin heavy chains. However, the genetic control of response to (T, G)-Pro--L, designated immune response-3 (Ir-3), is qualitatively different from the one operating for (T,G)-A--L [immune response-1 (Ir-1)] in that it is not linked to the histocompatibility-2 (H-2) locus. A study of the immune response to a related polypeptide built on multichain polyproline, poly-L-(Phe,Glu)-poly-L-Pro-poly-L--Lys [(Phe, G)-Pro--L], in the DBA/1 x SJL cross has shown a genetic control of antibody specificity. F1 x DBA/1 backcross anti-(Phe, G)-Pro--L sera segregate in their ability to bind (T,G)-Pro--L, and there is no linkage of anti-(T,G)-Pro--L binding capacity with the H-2s allele of the SJL grandparent. F1 x SJL anti-(Phe, G)-Pro-L sera segregate in their capacity to bind poly-L-(Phe,Glu)-poly-D,L-Ala-poly-L-Lys [(Phe, G)-A--L] and the ability to bind (Phe, G)-A--L is clearly linked to the H-2q allele from the DBA/1 grandparent. Thus, in mice all responding well to a given antigen [(Phe, G)-Pro--L], the specificity of the antibodies produced [i.e., anti-(Phe,G) or anti-prolyl] is genetically determined. Cross-inhibition of binding m (DBA/1 x SJL)F1 anti-(Phe,G)-Pro--L antisera indicates that the anti-(Phe,G) and anti-prolyl specificities are a function of two separate and largely non-crossreacting antibody populations

    THE NATURE OF THE ANTIGENIC DETERMINANT IN A GENETIC CONTROL OF THE ANTIBODY RESPONSE

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    The response of inbred mouse strains to two polypeptides derived from multichain polyprolines, (T,G)-Pro--L and (Phe,G)-Pro--L, is different from the response of the same mouse strains to a similar series of polymers built on multi-poly-D,L-alanyl--poly-L-lysine, although the same short sequences of amino acids are attached to the side chains of the polypeptides in the two series. These results indicate that a portion of the side chain (e.g. polyalanine or polyproline) participates in the antigenic determinant. This was confirmed by studying the response of different mouse strains to two kinds of polypeptides: (T,G)-Pro-A--L 717 and 718 and (T,G)-A-Pro--L 719 and 721. Antibody assay of antisera to (Phe,G)-Pro--L with the cross-reacting antigens (T,G)-Pro--L and (Phe,G)-A-L indicates that different inbred mouse strains make antibodies specific for different parts of the same polypeptide. Thus, antibody from DBA/1 mice reacts almost exclusively with the (Phe,G) sequence, while SJL antisera bind only (T,G)-Pro--L and fail to bind (Phe,G)-A-L. The immune responses to the same amino acids on two different polypeptides (i.e. A--L and Pro--L) appear to be under separate genetic control

    Ydj1 governs fungal morphogenesis and stress response, and facilitates mitochondrial protein import via Mas1 and Mas2

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    We thank Zhen-Yuan Lin for help in the preparation of the AP-MS samples, and Cathy Collins for technical assistance. MDL is supported by a Sir Henry Wellcome Postdoctoral Fellowship (Wellcome Trust 096072), LEC is supported by a Canada Research Chair in Microbial Genomics and Infectious Disease and by Cana-dian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR) Grants MOP-119520 and MOP-86452. OK is supported by National Insti-tutes of Health grant 5R01GM108975. A-CG is supported by a CIHR Foundation Grant (FDN143301), Genome Cana-da Genomics Innovation Network (GIN) Node and Tech-nical Development Grants, and a Canada Research Chair in Functional Proteomics. J-PL was supported by a TD Bank Health Research Fellowship at the Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute and by a Scholarship for the Next Gen-eration of Scientists from the Cancer Research Society. JLX is supported by a CIHR – Frederick Banting and Charles Best Canada Graduate Scholarship. The funding agencies had no role in the study design, data collection and inter-pretation, or the decision to submit the work for publication.Peer reviewedPublisher PD

    Metastable N/2P/ atoms in the aurora

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    peer reviewedAuroral spectra have been obtained in the 3380- to 3560-A region to study the forbidden N I 4S-2P doublet at 3466 A. The forbidden N I 3466 A/N2 Vegard-Kaplan ratio is found to remain constant. This is in agreement with the results of a model calculation showing that the dominant source of N(2P) atoms is dissociative excitation of N2 by fast electrons, and the major quenching agent is atomic oxygen. A value of about 5 x 10 to the 9th/cu cm sec is deduced for the ratio of the N(2P) quantum yield to the atomic oxygen deactivation coefficient

    Sowing Legume Seeds, Reaping Cash

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    This open access book shares impact stories – testimonies from various value chain actors who have been part of the Tropical Legumes (TL) projects, over the past twelve years. The Tropical Legumes projects led by ICRISAT in three parts (TLI, TLII and TLIII), constitute a major international initiative supported by the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation (BMGF) and jointly implemented by the International Center for Tropical Agriculture (CIAT), International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA) and National Agricultural Research Systems (NARS) partners from Sub-Saharan Africa and India. The project developed improved cultivars of common bean, cowpea, chickpea and groundnut (but also soya bean and pigeon pea cultivars in its initial phases) and delivers their seed to smallholders in BMGF-focus areas. It also strengthens the NARS and CGIAR's breeding programs and seed platforms to enhance their ability to deliver high and sustained outputs to smallholder farmers. The book compiles the experiences of a diversity of actors within the grain legume value chains, with a focus on groundnut and common beans in Tanzania and Uganda, groundnut and cowpea in Nigeria, and groundnut in Ghana. All stakeholders involved share their thoughts on being part of a decade-long development project family. National agricultural research institutes, knowledge brokering organizations, NGOs, public and private seed companies, agro-dealers, individual seed entrepreneurs, farm-implement makers, farmer cooperatives, farmer groups, individual men and women farmers, middlemen, processors, traders and consumers were all involved in this project, and as such this book provides valuable insights for development workers, technical staff, and project managers

    Monte Carlo simulation of a whole-body counter using IGOR phantoms

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    Whole-body counting is a technique of choice for assessing the intake of gamma-emitting radionuclides. An appropriate calibration is necessary, which is done either by experimental measurement or by Monte Carlo (MC) calculation. The aim of this work was to validate a MC model for calibrating whole-body counters (WBCs) by comparing the results of computations with measurements performed on an anthropomorphic phantom and to investigate the effect of a change in phantom's position on the WBC counting sensitivity. GEANT MC code was used for the calculations, and an IGOR phantom loaded with several types of radionuclides was used for the experimental measurements. The results show a reasonable agreement between measurements and MC computation. A 1-cm error in phantom positioning changes the activity estimation by >2 %. Considering that a 5-cm deviation of the positioning of the phantom may occur in a realistic counting scenario, this implies that the uncertainty of the activity measured by a WBC is ∼10-20
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