Etude Des Plantes Médicinales Utilisées Par Les Femmes Autochtones Pygmées (Batwa) Enceintes Dans L’hinterland Du Parc National De Kahuzi-Biega (Rift albertin, RD. Congo)

Introduction : La femme devient vulnérable à certaines pathologies pendant la grossesse en milieux ruraux et le recours à la pharmacopée traditionnelle en utilisant les plantes médicinales est la solution souvent adoptée. Cet article se focalise sur l’utilisation des plantes médicinales chez les femmes autochtones Batwa enceintes vivant aux alentours du Parc National de Kahuzi Biega (PNKB). Les connaissances et les pratiques de ces femmes nous ont permis d’inventorier et de déterminer les différents usages de ces plantes. Méthodologie : Les données utilisées dans cette étude ont été collectée au moyen d’une enquête ethnobotanique menée à l’aide d’un questionnaire en suivant la méthode de l’interview semi-structuré. Les données collectées qui portent sur les caractéristiques ethnobotaniques, ont été traitées et analysées avec des logiciels ethnobotaniques et statistiques appropriés afin desélectionner quelques plantes pour de futurs tests de laboratoire.avec des logiciels ethnobotaniques et statistiques appropriés afin de sélectionner quelques plantes pour de futurs tests de laboratoire. Résultat : La plupart des tradipraticiens interviewés étaient des femmes (83,88 %) et une grande proportion d’entre eux (35%) était âgée de plus de 65 ans. Les plantes utilisées ont été classées en fonction des différents stades de l’évolution de la grossesse. Ainsi, les Dichrocephala integrifolia, Kalanchoe pinnata, Pennicetum purpureum Plantago palmata,Commelina difusa , Physalis angulata , Aloe barbadensis, Rumex bequaertii, Cannabis sativa, Carapa grandiflora Myrianthus arborea et Acmella caulirhiza ont un taux de fidélité de 100 %. Les organes les plus utilisés sont des tiges feuillées (37,14 %) et les pressages (66,6 %) sont les plus citées en tant que techniques de préparation. Conclusion : Ces résultats illustrent la richesse de ces peuples et ces ressources végétales méritent un intérêt scientifique en vue d’une bonne valorisation. Introduction: Women become vulnerable to certain pathologies during pregnancy in rural areas and the use of traditional pharmacopoeia using medicinal plants is the solution often adopted. This article focuses on the use of medicinal plants among pregnant indigenous Batwa women living around the Kahuzi Biega National Park (KBNP). The knowledge and practices of these women have enabled us to inventory and determine the different uses of these plants. Methodology: The data used in this study was collected by means of an ethnobotanical survey conducted using a questionnaire following the semistructured interview method. The data collected, which included ethnobotanical characteristics, were processed and analyzed with appropriate ethnobotanical and statistical software in order to select a few plants for future laboratory testing. Result: Most of the traditional practitioners interviewed were women (83.88%) and a large proportion of them (35%) were over 65 years of age. The plants used were classified according to the different stages of pregnancy development. Thus, Dichrocephala integrifolia, Kalanchoe pinnata, Pennicetum purpureum, Plantago palmata, Commelina difusa , Physalis angulata , Aloe barbadensis, Rumex bequaertii, Cannabis sativa, Carapa grandiflora Myrianthus arborea and Acmella caulirhiza have a 100% fidelity. The most commonly used organs are leafy stems (3714 %) and pressing (66, 6 %) is the most cited preparation technique. Conclusion: These results illustrate the richness of these peoples and these plant resources deserve scientific interest in order to be properly valorized

ANALYSE PHYTOGÉOGRAPHIQUE DES PTÉRIDOPHYTES D’AFRIQUE CENTRALE: CAS DES ÉTAGES DES MONTAGNES DU PARC NATIONAL DE KAHUZI-BIEGA (RÉPUBLIQUE DÉMOCRATIQUE DU CONGO)

This study comprises a phytogeographical analysis of forest ferns and their allies of the Kahuzi Biega National Park (KBNP), located in Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC). The phytogeographical and floristic affinities and dissimilarities were investigated for forested areas of the Albertine Rift, Continental Africa and some mountainous areas outside of Africa. This analysis was based on herbarium material collected in the mountains of KBNP (5987 specimens) and housed in various herbaria in Belgium, the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) and the Netherlands. The results showed that the majority of ferns in the mountains of the KBNP are also found in many other African areas (52.1% of the flora). Further, 41.9% of the species have a wide distribution outside of Africa, while endemic and sub-endemic species represent a mere 6% of the fern flora of KBNP. Within the related species, some showed a disjunction between the mountainous areas of Cameroon and the PNKB. The mountains of the Kivu- Ruwenzori area show greatest affinity between each other as well as other mountainous regions in western and southern Africa. The sub-montane zone of the PNKB is considered to be a transitional area between the Kahuzi mountain range and other regional centers of endemism

Caractérisations Structurale, Floristique Et Biomasse Ligneuse Du Peuplement À Hagenia abyssinica Du Parc National De Kahuzi-Biega (Rift Albertin, RDC)

Hagenia abyssinica is a characteristic species of mountain forests in the Albertine Rift. In Kahuzi Biega National Park, the species is found between 2000 and 2600 m altitude. This study intended to characterize Hagenia monospecific forest by providing an account for its floristic composition, structure and biomass. Data were collected from 9 different plots of 1 hectare each located in 3 different sites (Tshivanga 2000-2250m asl; Mugabe and Kasirusiru 2400-2600m asl). Parameters including tree diameter ≥ 10cm, height, dead individuals and young shoots of Hagenia abyssinica were wetting the plot. The results showed that species richness was significantly low, varying between 8-24 species (p < 0.05, Df = 35); while the specific density was 565 ± 121 individuals. The Richness decreased with the increment of the species density of Hagenia. The similarity analysis revealed the influence/impact of the site/altitude on the species composition. The diametric structure showed a regressive dynamism within the population found between 2000 and 2200 m altitude, in which Hagenia specimens were replaced by the specimens of secondary forest species such as Sapium ellipticum, Macaranga neomilbraediana, Neoboutonia macrocalyx. Whereas, between 2400-2600 m altitude, there was a progressive dynamism with several Hagenia young shoots, with no mortality (χ2 = 487, p < 0.001). The average woody biomass was estimated at 108t / ha. This increased as Hagenia density decreased and vegetation became heterogeneous. Human disturbance and climate change effects in the region, could be the causes of variability observed in this population in the Kahuzi-Biega National Park

ÉTUDES ETHNOBOTANIQUE ET ETHNOLINGUISTIQUE DES RESSOURCES FORESTIÈRES LIGNEUSES UTILISÉES PAR LA POPULATION DU COULOIR ÉCOLOGIQUE DU PARC NATIONAL DE KAHUZI-BIEGA (R D. CONGO)

This article focuses on the use and the vocabulary of 323 specimens representing 52 species woody species that were collected from three ethnosocio-linguistic groups (Shi, Tembo and Pygmies) living in the ecological corridor of Kahuzi -Biega National Park (KBNP). This area consists of a transitional forest between the vegetation of the plains and the mountains. The study has shown that the food and, pharmacological knowledge are almost detained by the pygmies. The analyses carried out show that this population takes interest to the forestry species they consider to be useful though they are found in a protected area. The total ethno botanical value of species is not really significantly to different ethno-socio-linguistic group to another (p-value = 0.514; F = 1.08 and df = 3). The Kruskal-Wallis test shows that the different organs do not have the same importance for the use of the population. (F = 1.08 and df = 3). The correlation between the ethno botanical use value in relation to the number of species use is significant (R² = 0.084%). Specific vocabularies ethnonymical in Mashi and Kitembo express the same common meanings of species on the formal and semantic plans. These three tribes share several ethnonymical concepts, which could be a symbol indication of the subsistence of a pygmy original language, forgotten to the Bantu languages that have borrowed them. Despite the importance of trees in the hall of the Park, we suggest conservative actions or reforestation could protect

ÉTUDES ETHNOBOTANIQUE ET ETHNOLINGUISTIQUE DES RESSOURCES FORESTIÈRES LIGNEUSES UTILISÉES PAR LA POPULATION DU COULOIR ÉCOLOGIQUE DU PARC NATIONAL DE KAHUZI-BIEGA (R D. CONGO)

This article focuses on the use and the vocabulary of 323 specimens representing 52 species woody species that were collected from three ethnosocio-linguistic groups (Shi, Tembo and Pygmies) living in the ecological corridor of Kahuzi -Biega National Park (KBNP). This area consists of a transitional forest between the vegetation of the plains and the mountains. The study has shown that the food and, pharmacological knowledge are almost detained by the pygmies. The analyses carried out show that this population takes interest to the forestry species they consider to be useful though they are found in a protected area. The total ethno botanical value of species is not really significantly to different ethno-socio-linguistic group to another (p-value = 0.514; F = 1.08 and df = 3). The Kruskal-Wallis test shows that the different organs do not have the same importance for the use of the population. (F = 1.08 and df = 3). The correlation between the ethno botanical use value in relation to the number of species use is significant (R² = 0.084%). Specific vocabularies ethnonymical in Mashi and Kitembo express the same common meanings of species on the formal and semantic plans. These three tribes share several ethnonymical concepts, which could be a symbol indication of the subsistence of a pygmy original language, forgotten to the Bantu languages that have borrowed them. Despite the importance of trees in the hall of the Park, we suggest conservative actions or reforestation could protect

Regards Sur Les Impacts Environnementaux De Projet d’Exploitation Minière Semi - Industrielle Dans Le Bassin Du Congo: Cas De La Rivière Aruwimi (Territoire De Basoko, RD Congo)

Le présent article se base sur l’étude d’impacts environnementaux du projet de l’exploitation minière semi - industrielle le long de la rivière Aruwimi autour de la cité de Liambe et ses environs en Territoire de Basoko par la société chinoise Xiang Jiang Mining Sarl. Une enquête quantitative et des cas qualitatifs ont été menés sur cinq couches différentes de la population du milieu. Après les analyses sur les conséquences de cette exploitation qu’envisage la société chinoise, notre étude a démontré que 76,63 % de la population enquêtée ne sont ni formées et ni sensibilisées sur le nouveau code minier modifié en 2018 par la RD Congo et 79,5 % ne maitrisent ni la nouvelle loi et ni leur droit. Les discussions menées auprès de ces peuples nous indiquent que cette tentative d’exploitation est caractérisée par un manque de formalisme et d’opacité. Actuellement, ce cours d’eau apparaît comme des réceptacles importants de tensions et conflits, en raison des abus majeurs qui se sont observés durant l’exploitation minière dans le territoire de Banalia. Ils considèrent cette tentative d’exploitation comme illicite qui est associée à nombreux phénomènes négatifs, tels que des conflits fonciers, des violations des droits de l’homme, la perturbation de l’écosystème aquatique et de procédure cavalière au mépris du processus réglementaire et légal. Face à ce danger, nous avons décidé de lancer ce cri d’alarme pour alerter la société sur le désastre écologique, environnemental et socio-économique qui guette les populations riveraines d’Aruwimi et exprimer ainsi notre désapprobation sur cette exploitation minière. This paper focuses on the environmental impact assessment of the semi-industrial mining project of the Chinese company Xiang Jiang Mining Sarl along the Aruwimi River in Basoko Territory, around the Liambe city and its surroundings. Qualitative and quantitative surveys were conducted on five different strata of the local population. After analysis of the consequences of the planned exploitation by this company, this study clearly demonstrated that 76.63% of the population is neither trained nor aware of the new mining code as modified in 2018 by the Congolese authorities. Furthermore, 79.5 % of the people are not informed about the new law and their rights. Moreover, the discussions held with the population indicate that this attempt at exploitation is informal and lacks transparency. Today, this river appears to be a more important source of tensions and conflicts due to major abuses which are often observed in the mining zone. Such exploitations generate conflicts between the population and foreign firms, and the illicit exploitation of natural resources is associated with a number of negative phenomena, such as land conflicts, violation of human rights, destruction of the environment, disruption of the aquatic ecosystem, and a rider procedure in defiance of the regulatory and legal process. Faced with this danger, warning has been given to the local population in regard to an ecological, environmental, and socio-economic disaster that awaits the people living in the vicinity of Aruwimi and to express their total disapproval