Evaluation of Office Ergonomic Risk Using Rapid Office Strain Assessment (ROSA)

Musculoskeletal Disorders (MSDs) caused by computer use have become the most common ergonomic risks. The risk experienced can be in the form of financial losses or even lives. Therefore, efforts are needed to prevent the occurrence of ergonomic risks so as not to cause large losses. The Rapid Office Strain Assessment (ROSA) has been designed to identify ergonomic risk factors and is reliable for the assessment of office workers' MSDs. This study evaluates the potential risk of ergonomics in female office workers because a previous study found that MSDs were more common in women. From the two workers observed, it was found that workers 1 and 2 received different scores on several assessment components. The different things are the length of the seat holder, armrests, spine brace, and keyboard. This difference is caused by body posture and different types of chairs. The length of the chair and the spinal brace is influenced by the different postures of the two workers. Worker 1 has a shorter upper leg length than worker 2, so she cannot use the backbone section of the chair. Although there are differences in scores on some components of the assessment, both workers have the same final ROSA score, which is 5. This indicates that further posture assessment needs to be done using tools other than ROSA to detect the specific cause of MSDs levels

Performance management process integration in humanitarian supply chains : focusing on the natural disaster preparedness stage

Purpose: This study aims to explore how to apply and integrate the performance management (PM) process in humanitarian supply chains (HSCs) among and between humanitarian organizations (HOs) and donors so as to improve cost-efficiency (CE) and lead-time effectiveness (LTE) in the stage of natural disaster preparedness. Design/methodology/approach: This study adapts and operationalizes a framework for the PM process used in commercial supply chains to assess HSCs. A multiple-case study with two types of actors – six HOs and three donors—is used to describe the applications of the PM process and analyze the level of integration between the actors. Findings: The activities in the PM process could sometimes be only vaguely described. Both actors emphasized improving CE, with less emphasis on LTE. Both actors have a low level of integration in each PM process activity, decreasing the CE and LTE. Therefore, guidelines for improving the level of PM process integration are provided. Research limitations/implications: To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this study is one of the first to combine literature on HSCs and PM process integration, thereby contributing to both literature fields. The concrete contribution of this study is a framework for PM process application and integration among and between HOs and donors. Practical implications: The PM process framework can be used to assess PM process application, as well as current and increased level of integration, to improve CE and LTE. The current applications can also inspire other HOs and donors. Originality/value: Previous studies indicate the lack of frameworks in the PM domain of HSCs, especially in the stage of natural disaster preparedness

Comparing heuristic methods’ performance for pure flow shop scheduling under certain and uncertain demand

The main aim of this research is to compare the results of the study of demand’s plan and standardized time based on three heuristic scheduling methods such as Campbell Dudek Smith (CDS), Palmer, and Dannenbring. This paper minimizes the makespan under certain and uncertain demand for domestic boxes at the leading glass company industry in Indonesia. The investigation is run in a department called Preparation Box (later simply called PRP) which experiences tardiness while meeting the requirement of domestic demand. The effect of tardiness leads to unfulfilled domestic demand and hampers the production department delivers goods to the customer on time. PRP needs to consider demand planning for the next period under the certain and uncertain demand plot using the forecasting and Monte Carlo simulation technique. This research also utilizes a work sampling method to calculate the standardized time, which is calculated by considering the performance rating and allowance factor. This paper contributes to showing a comparison between three heuristic scheduling methods performances regarding a real-life problem. This paper concludes that the Dannenbring method is suitable for large domestic boxes under certain demand while Palmer and Dannenbring methods are suitable for large domestic boxes under uncertain demand. The CDS method is suitable to prepare small domestic boxes for both certain and uncertain demand

Humanitarian Supply Chain: Improvement of Lead Time Effectiveness and Costs Efficiency : A multiple case study on the preparedness stage of humanitarian organizations with their partners

Title: Humanitarian Supply Chain: Improvement of lead time effectiveness and cost-efficiency. A multiple case study on the preparedness stage of humanitarian organizations with their partners. Authors: Ester Lisnati Jayadi, Hugo Richit, Najmus Sadat. Background: 315 natural disasters events were reported, causing 11,804 deaths, affecting 68 million people, and costing US$131.7 billion in economic losses worldwide. This fact emerges the importance of humanitarian organizations (HOs) to act in reducing suffering and improving peoples’ life. However, the greater donations and support to HOs still do not solve this enormous issue at all which forces HOs to pursue greater accountability by improving their effectiveness and efficiency in terms of time and cost in disaster activities, especially in preparedness activities. No single actors like HOs have sufficient resources to solve the disaster problem alone; thus, they need partners to work hand in hand to relieve the suffering. Performance measurement through integration called performance management process is the key to enabling HOs and their partners to achieve the lead time effectiveness and cost-efficiency. Purpose: The purposes of the study are to explore which performance measurements are needed between humanitarian organizations with their partners and to explore how to integrate their relationship to improve lead time effectiveness and cost-efficiency. Then, the suggestions can be made by fulfilling the purposes. Method: A multiple case study by utilizing qualitative data through semi-structured interviews. Findings and Conclusions: RQ 1. What HSC (humanitarian supply chain) performance measurements are needed in the HSC’s preparedness stage in order to achieve the lead time effectiveness and cost efficiency? The performance required measurements in HSC’s preparedness stage to achieve lead-time effectiveness, and cost-efficiency are organizational procedures, learning and evaluation, HO’s mission, feedback, budgeting, fund management, sourcing, human and resource management, IT utilization, infrastructure utilization, human resources utilization, delivery time, knowledge management, information sharing, and employee management. RQ 2. How to integrate the HSC performance management process in the HSC’s preparedness stage to improve the lead time effectiveness and cost efficiency? By implementing a proposed performance management process, aligning vision and mission, trusting each other, utilizing IT technologies, improving the language, and applying standardization in HSC. Keywords: Humanitarian Supply Chain Management. Humanitarian Supply Chain. Preparedness Stage. Natural Disasters. Humanitarian Organizations. Partners. Dyads. Multiple Case Studies. Performance Measurements. Performance Management Process. Supply Chain Process Integratio