The Overall Health-Status of Dental Patients

Svrha istraživanja bila je procijeniti opće-zdravstveni status opulacije stomatoloških pacijenata, nakon obrade podataka iz ispunjenih Upitnika o zdravlju FDI-a koje je preporučila Hrvatska stomatološka komora. Podaci iz 2045 upitnika koje su ispunili pacijenti Zavoda za endodonciju i restaurativnu stomatologiju tijekom godine 2005. uneseni su u kompjutorsku bazu podataka te statistički obrađeni. Obrada podataka pokazala je da 30,1% stomatoloških pacijenata boluje od neke bolesti, a najčešće su kardiovaskularne (14,7%). Česte su i alergije bolesti (13,1%). U upitnicima je registrirano i 1,5% pacijenata s virusnim hepatitisom te 0,6% s TBC-om. Razmjerno malo pacijenata upisalo je HIV-seropozitivnost (0,2%) i izloženost virusu HIV-a (0,5%). Transfuziju je primilo 12% pacijenata. Stomatološki pacijent iznad 75 godina u prosjeku uzima 2,16 lijekova. Vrlo česte sistemske bolesti kod stomatoloških pacijenata te povećana potrošnja lijekova kod pacijenata starije dobi, upućuje na to da je potrebna dodatna izobrazba stomatologa kako bi se s takvim bolesnicima moglo odgovarajuće postupati.The purpose of the study was to evaluate the general health condition i.e. overall health-status of the dental patients population by processing the data obtained from the FDI health-questionnaires which was recommended by the Croatian Dental Chamber. The data which was collected from a total of 2045 individual medical history questionnaires - personally filled in by the patients who attended this Department of Endodontics and Restorative Dentistry during the year of 2005 - was loaded into a computer data-base and statistically analyzed. The analysis showed presence of some kind of a disease in 30.1% of patients; topping the list by incidence were cardiovascular diseases (14.7%). Also, highly represented were various allergic diseases (13.1%). A 1.5% had developed a viral hepatitis, whereas 0.6% of the patients had even had TBC. A comparatively small percentage of patients (0.2%) had admitted to HIV seropositivity resp. exposure to the HIV virus (0.5%). A total of 12% of the group had received a blood-transfusion at some point. Typically, a dental patient above 75 years of age was taking in average 2.16 different types of medicinal drugs. High incidence of systemic diseases in dental patients and an increased consumption of medicinal drugs in the elderly dental patients indicates the need for an enhanced education of the dentist in order to enable his/her proper attitude toward such patients

Influence of biological and mechanical factors on implant aesthetic in front region

U suvremenoj implantoprotetskoj terapiji stope preživljavanja i uspješnost terapije visoke su i gotovo neupitan dio terapije. Glavni je fokus na estetskom ishodu, a zahtjevi pacijenata sve se više povećavaju. Razvoj novih materijala i tehnologija te znanje o parodontnoj i periimplantatnoj biologiji daju nam osnovu za sve bolje estetske rezultate. Kako bi se osiguralo postizanje optimalne estetike, osim pažljivog planiranje terapije suvremenim radiološkim dijagnostičkim metodama, implantati moraju biti postavljeni u optimalnom meziodistalnom, vestubulooralnom i apikokoronarnom smjeru. Također mora biti osiguran i dovoljan volumen kosti u sve tri dimenzije, te udaljenost od susjednih zuba i/ili implantata. Za postizanje adekvatne crveno-bijele estetike važno je uspostaviti ravnotežu između alveolarne kosti, periimplantatne sluznice i fiksnoprotetskog nadomjestka. Svrha rada je prikaz utjecaja pozicije implantata na estetski rezultat u odnosu na kost, stanje mekih tkiva, debljina sluznice i njen stupanj karatinizacije, te veze između implantata i nadogradnje. Nastoje se definirati biološki i mehanički čimbenici koji utječu na krajnji rezultat implantoprotetske terapije. Te koji parametri moraju biti zadovoljeni da se terapija može proglasiti estetski zdovoljavajućom. U radu se analiziraju biološki (PES) i mehanički (WES) parametri koji utječu na ocjenu estetike i time uspješnost implantoloske terapije. Očekivani poželjni rezultat ocjenjuje se analizom fotografije sa minimalno 12 bodova za zadovoljavajuću estetiku do maksimalnih 20 bodova za izvrsnu estetiku na temelju analize fotografije. Parametri su prisutnost ili odsutnost papile, razina i zaobljenost vestibularne sluznice, boja, zaobljenost i tekstura mekih tkiva te nadomjestak koji bojom, oblikom i teksturom i transparencijom odgovara susjednom prirodnom zubu. Doprinos rada je omogućavanje sistematskog pregleda objektivnih parametara koji utječu na estetski rezultat zuba na implantatu kako bi se mogao dobiti numerički, objektivan i ponovljiv rezultat sa odmakom vremena i objektivna ocjena zadovoljavajuće estetike upotrebom različitih kirurških protokola i protetske terapije.In modern implanto prosthetic therapy, survival rates and success of the therapy are high and furthermore they are almost an unquestionable part of the therapy. The main focus has been put on the aesthetic outcome, and moreover patients demands are constantly growing. Development of new materials and technology, as well as knowledge of periodontal and periimplant biology, give us the basics for even better aesthetic results. To insure the achievement of optimal aesthetic, apart from a carefully planned therapy with modern radiological diagnostical methods, implants must be placed in the optimal mesio-distal, vestubulo-oral and apico-coronary direction. In addition, the volume of bone in all three dimensions has to be insured, as well as the distance from neighbor teeth and/or implants, too. To accomplish optimal red and white aesthetic, it is important to achieve harmonious relation between alveolar bone, periimplant mucosa and fixed prostetic restorations. The objective of this paper is to show the impact of the position of the implant on the aesthetic result in relation to bone, the state of soft tissue, the thickness of musosa and its degree of keratinization and the relation of implant and augmentation. The paper ains to define which biological and mechanical factors influence the final result of the implant prosthetic therapy also which parameters have to be fulfilled for the therapy to be proclaimed aesthetically satisfying.Biological (PES) and mechanical (WES) parameters which influence the assessment of aesthetic, including the successfullness of implantal therapy are being analyzed in this paper. The expected desired result of the satisfying aesthetics is evaluated with a minimum of 12 points, to an excellent aesthetic with a maximum of 20 points based on photography analysis. These parameters are the presence or absence of papila, the level and contour of the vestibular mucosa membranes, colour and texture of soft tissue as well as colour appropriate restoration, the shape, texture and transparency of the neighbour natural tooth. The contribution of the paper is to enable a systematic review of objective parameters that affect the aesthetic result of teeth on the implant in order to obtain a numerical, objective and reproducible result over time and an objective assessment of satisfactory aesthetics using different surgical protocols and prosthetic therapy

Influence of biological and mechanical factors on implant aesthetic in front region

U suvremenoj implantoprotetskoj terapiji stope preživljavanja i uspješnost terapije visoke su i gotovo neupitan dio terapije. Glavni je fokus na estetskom ishodu, a zahtjevi pacijenata sve se više povećavaju. Razvoj novih materijala i tehnologija te znanje o parodontnoj i periimplantatnoj biologiji daju nam osnovu za sve bolje estetske rezultate. Kako bi se osiguralo postizanje optimalne estetike, osim pažljivog planiranje terapije suvremenim radiološkim dijagnostičkim metodama, implantati moraju biti postavljeni u optimalnom meziodistalnom, vestubulooralnom i apikokoronarnom smjeru. Također mora biti osiguran i dovoljan volumen kosti u sve tri dimenzije, te udaljenost od susjednih zuba i/ili implantata. Za postizanje adekvatne crveno-bijele estetike važno je uspostaviti ravnotežu između alveolarne kosti, periimplantatne sluznice i fiksnoprotetskog nadomjestka. Svrha rada je prikaz utjecaja pozicije implantata na estetski rezultat u odnosu na kost, stanje mekih tkiva, debljina sluznice i njen stupanj karatinizacije, te veze između implantata i nadogradnje. Nastoje se definirati biološki i mehanički čimbenici koji utječu na krajnji rezultat implantoprotetske terapije. Te koji parametri moraju biti zadovoljeni da se terapija može proglasiti estetski zdovoljavajućom. U radu se analiziraju biološki (PES) i mehanički (WES) parametri koji utječu na ocjenu estetike i time uspješnost implantoloske terapije. Očekivani poželjni rezultat ocjenjuje se analizom fotografije sa minimalno 12 bodova za zadovoljavajuću estetiku do maksimalnih 20 bodova za izvrsnu estetiku na temelju analize fotografije. Parametri su prisutnost ili odsutnost papile, razina i zaobljenost vestibularne sluznice, boja, zaobljenost i tekstura mekih tkiva te nadomjestak koji bojom, oblikom i teksturom i transparencijom odgovara susjednom prirodnom zubu. Doprinos rada je omogućavanje sistematskog pregleda objektivnih parametara koji utječu na estetski rezultat zuba na implantatu kako bi se mogao dobiti numerički, objektivan i ponovljiv rezultat sa odmakom vremena i objektivna ocjena zadovoljavajuće estetike upotrebom različitih kirurških protokola i protetske terapije.In modern implanto prosthetic therapy, survival rates and success of the therapy are high and furthermore they are almost an unquestionable part of the therapy. The main focus has been put on the aesthetic outcome, and moreover patients demands are constantly growing. Development of new materials and technology, as well as knowledge of periodontal and periimplant biology, give us the basics for even better aesthetic results. To insure the achievement of optimal aesthetic, apart from a carefully planned therapy with modern radiological diagnostical methods, implants must be placed in the optimal mesio-distal, vestubulo-oral and apico-coronary direction. In addition, the volume of bone in all three dimensions has to be insured, as well as the distance from neighbor teeth and/or implants, too. To accomplish optimal red and white aesthetic, it is important to achieve harmonious relation between alveolar bone, periimplant mucosa and fixed prostetic restorations. The objective of this paper is to show the impact of the position of the implant on the aesthetic result in relation to bone, the state of soft tissue, the thickness of musosa and its degree of keratinization and the relation of implant and augmentation. The paper ains to define which biological and mechanical factors influence the final result of the implant prosthetic therapy also which parameters have to be fulfilled for the therapy to be proclaimed aesthetically satisfying.Biological (PES) and mechanical (WES) parameters which influence the assessment of aesthetic, including the successfullness of implantal therapy are being analyzed in this paper. The expected desired result of the satisfying aesthetics is evaluated with a minimum of 12 points, to an excellent aesthetic with a maximum of 20 points based on photography analysis. These parameters are the presence or absence of papila, the level and contour of the vestibular mucosa membranes, colour and texture of soft tissue as well as colour appropriate restoration, the shape, texture and transparency of the neighbour natural tooth. The contribution of the paper is to enable a systematic review of objective parameters that affect the aesthetic result of teeth on the implant in order to obtain a numerical, objective and reproducible result over time and an objective assessment of satisfactory aesthetics using different surgical protocols and prosthetic therapy