Analysis of coat quality of Chinchilla rabbit breed

Article Details: Received: 2018-10-25 | Accepted: 2018-11-27 | Available online: 2019-01-31https://doi.org/10.15414/afz.2019.22.01.17-20Between breeders, Chinchilla rabbit is very popular as it has standard body shape and high quality of typically coloured fur. The aim of this study was to analyse quality of Chinchilla rabbit fur. Coat samples were gathered at the National Animal Exhibition in Nitra. We collected samples from three different body areas – those being scapula, back and thigh. Altogether, we obtained 153 samples of different individual animals. We observed different parameters of the fur. Those were – thickness and length of coat, height and width of the undercolour, ticking and height of the guard hair. We found out that average thickness of coat in the examined population was 0.106 mm in the area of scapula; 0.104 mm in the thigh area and 0.113 mm from the back area. Length of the guard hair from area of scapula was 35.8 mm; 37.9 mm in the thigh area and 36.4 mm in the back area. Height of the undercolour was 26.9 mm in the back area, 26.4 mm in area of scapula and 27.6 mm in the area of thighs. Observed width of intermediate colour was 5.1 mm in thigh area; 4.3 mm in back area and 4.8 mm in scapula area. Measured height of terminal black line of hair was 4.7 mm in area of scapula; 5.3 mm in the back area and 5.3 mm in thigh area. The differences among the evaluated body areas were not significant.Keywords: fur, quality, hair, rabbit, ChinchillaReferencesBRUMWELL, W. (1928) The Chinchilla Rabbit – Its Breeding For Profit. Bradford: Wathmous.COVRIG, I. et al. (2013) The C locus: rabbit genetics for full color development, chinchilla, seal, sable, pointed black and red-eyed full white. Rabbit Genetics, vol. 3, no. 1.DAHIYA, M.S., YADAV, S.K. (2013) Scanning Electron Microscopic Characterization and Elemental Analysis of Hair: A Tool in Identification of Felidae Animals. J Forensic Res, vol. 4, no. 1, p. 178.DEEDRICK, D.W., KOCH, S. (2004) Microscopy of Hair Part II: A Practical Guide and Manual for Animal Hairs. Forensic science communications, vol. 6, no. 3.FIK, M. et al. (2011) Assessment of wire haired dachshund hair quality. Acta fytotechnica et zootechnica, vol. 14, pp. 81–84 (in Slovak).FRANCK, R.R. (2001) Silk, Mohair, Cashmere and Other Luxury Fibres. UK: Woodhead Publishing Limited in association with The Textile Institute, pp. 136–137.HUANG, D.W. et al. (2016) Location of genes associated with hair length of rabbit. In Proceedings 11th World Rabbit Congress. Qingdao – China 15–18. 6. 2016. WorldChina: Rabbit Science Association.KOPAŃSKI, R. (1965) Elementary of furriers. Warszawa: Państwowe wydawnictwo rolnicze i leśne (in Polish).MAMOJKOVÁ, E. (2012) Evaluation of the breeding level of Little Chinchilla in Slovakia: bachelor thesis. Nitra: SPU (in Slovak).MAMOJKOVÁ, E. (2014) Evaluation of quality of hairs and coat in Little Chinchilla rabbit breed: Diploma thesis. Nitra: SPU (in Slovak).MENGÜC, G. et al. (2014) Physical Properties of Angora Rabbit Fibers. American Journal of Materials Engineering and Technology, vol. 2, no. 2, pp. 11–13.ROGERS, A.D. et al. (2006). Fiber Production and Properties in Genetically Furred and Furless Rabbits. Journal of Animal Science, vol. 84, pp. 2566–2574.VERHOEF-VERHALLENOVÁ, E. (2000) Encyclopedia of rabbits and rhodents. Čestlice: Rebo Productions (in Czech).ZHANG, Y. et al. (2011) Structure Structural Characteristics of Rabbit Hair. Trans Tech Publications, vol. 332–334, pp. 1073–1076

Comparison of the Emanox and Sulfacox coccidiostats in broiler rabbit farming

DOI: 10.15414/afz.2015.18.01.10–14Received 18. November 2014 ǀ Accepted 16. March 2015 ǀ Available online 31. March 2015The aim of the study was to analyze the effect of two different preparations against rabbit’s coccidiosis - naturally based preparation Emanox and conventional preparation Sulfacox - on selected production indicators. Preparations against coccidiosis were administered in the form of a beverage from weaning (42 days old) until the 60 days old. In the period of 84 days of rabbit’s age average body weight in the Emanox group reached 2673.40 g, while in the Sulfacox group live weight was 2704.73 g. In the Emanox group 4 cases of death was recorded during the fattening, which has occurred within 51 to 66 days of age. In the Sulfacox group only two cases of death were registered at age 53 and 57 days, both caused by rabbit’s constipation. Total feed consumption over the fattening period in the Emanox group was 121.99 kg and the average consumption of the complete feed mixture per 1 kg of body weight gain was 3.52 kg. In the Sulfacox group the total consumption of 122.56 kg of feed during fattening period was recorded and average consumption of complete feed mixture per 1 kg of body weight gain was 3.21 kg. Preparation Emanox PMX is a suitable alternative to conventional chemical preparations. Keywords: Emanox PMX, rabbit’s coccidiosis, coccidiostats, rabbits fattenin

Growth variability of brown trout fry (Salmo trutta morpha fario Linnaeus, 1758) affected by differentiated diet during initial rearing

The aim of this study was to assess the effect of differentiated nutrition on the sac-fry growth intensity of brown trout (Salmo trutta m. fario). In this experiment two dry feed mixtures with different feeding program were used. Sac-fry rearing was realized in throughs with volume of 700 L during 113 days. During the rearing period was the feed mixture feed ad libitum. First tested group of fish (group A) was fed by mixture with different nutrient composition (crude proteins 56 % and 50 %, fat 12 % and 20 %) for individual rearing stages. Second tested group of fish (group B) was fed by mixtures with constant nutrient composition (crude proteins 57 %, fat 15 %) for all rearing period. It was found that the group A had better results for estimated growth parameters (Lt=48.37 ±2.41 mm; w=1.32 ±0.30 g; CF=0.84; SLGR=0.63 %.d-1; SWGR=2.12 -1) in comparison to group B (Lt=42.90 ±2.23 mm; w=1.20 ±0.32 g; CF=0.83; SLGR=0.52 %.d-1; SWGR=2.04 %.d-1). Attained results confirm that the application of mixture with different nutrient composition has a positive effect on the growth parameters on brown trout sac-fry rearing

Physicochemical characterization of natural honeys from different regions in Slovakia

This study is intended to determine the physicochemical characteristics of Slovakian honeys, and compare them with specifications described in the Codex Alimentarius Standard, the European Honey directive, the Slovak Codex Alimentarius and Slovak standard No. 1/2006. In addition, we tried to find out correlations between individual constituents of honeys. Physicochemical characterization was carried out following the harmonized methods dictated by the International Honey Commission IHC. Honey samples (n=50) were collected from three honey types (blossom, blends, honeydew), and from the three main Slovakian geographical regions (named 'east', 'middle' and 'west'). The physicochemical evaluation included moisture, reduced sugars, proline, hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF), conductivity, diastase and invertase activity, pH and water activity, following the techniques proposed by the European Honey Commission (EHC). The moisture content in the honey varied from 15.26 to 17.65%, HMF levels ranged from 21.83 to 63.00 mg.kg-1, the diastase activity varied from 21.01 DN to 36.67, invertase activity varied from 121.73 to 164.11 U.kg-1, the proline content varied from 426.56 to 531.79mg.kg-1, the fructose content values were found from 36.33 to 40.20 g.100g-1, the glucose content values ranged from 27.67 to 31.00g.100g-1, the values of saccharose content were from 0.15 to 0.37g.100g-1, the conductivity varied from 29.48 to 97.24mS.cm-1, the pH value varied from 4.06 to 4.80 and the water activity content varied from 0.55 to 0.57. Significant differences (P ≤ 0.05) were found between HMF and fructose, glucose and saccharose and conductivity and pH, significant differences (P ≤ 0.01) between fructose and glucose and significant differences (P ≤ 0.001) were found between HMF and conductivity. Between blossom honey and honeydew honey were found statistical significant differences in HMF (P ≤ 0.05) and conductivity between honeydew honey and blossom honey (P ≤ 0.001). Among regions were determined statistical differences between HMF and invertase (P ≤ 0.05) and conductivity (P ≤ 0.01).Universidad Nacional De La PlataCentro de Investigación y Desarrollo en Criotecnología de Alimento

Reproduction performances, growth and slaughter traits analysis of rabbit of Nitra breed

Received: 2018-05-11 | Accepted: 2018-05-14 | Available online: 2018-11-26https://doi.org/10.15414/afz.2018.21.04.162-165The aim of the research was to analyse the Rabbit of Nitra in terms of its reproduction and production performance. All rabbits used for research were raised within a home environment (4 breeding sources). The research was focused on reproduction parameters (the number of live born kits, the number of weaned kits), growth parameters – growth performance (1st day, 21st day, 42nd day to 119th day), slaughter parameters (dressing out percentage, the weight of individual parts of carcass body). Detected live weight in adult males weight was 5291.48 ±546.39 g. In adult females average live weight was 4623.10 ±458.41 g. The weight of live born pups of rabbits on day 1 was 57.84 ±1.08 g, weight on 21st day 310.09 ±7.21 g, weight on 42nd day from 1034.26 ±50.70 g up to 1128.13 ±30.78 g, 77th day from 2126.48 ±85.49 g up to 2243.70 ±47.07 g and 91th day from 2379.29 ±31.22 g up to 2653.53 ±37.86 g. An average dressing out percentage was 62.47±0.23%.  Keywords: dressing performance, growth performance, meat production performance, rabbits ReferencesBianospino, E., Wechsler, F.S., Moura, A.S.A.M.T., Fernandes, S. (2004) Growth traits and dressing percentage of straightbred and crossbred rabbits. In: Proceeding 8th World Rabbit Congress. [Online] Available at: https://world-rabbit-science.com/WRSA-Proceedings/Congress-2004 Puebla/Papers/Meat%20Quality/Q-Bianospono-2.pdf [Accessed 1 September 2017].Bízková, Z., Tůmová, E. (2009) Evaluation of rabbit meat yield.  Maso, 20 (5), 48-50.Blasco, A., Ouhayoun, J. (1996) Harmonization of criteria and terminology in rabbit    meat research. Revised proposal. World rabbit science, 4 (2), 93-99. DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4995/wrs.1996.278Bolet, G., Brun, J.M.,  Levechestrier, S., Lopez, M., Boucher, S.(2004) Evaluation of the reproductive performance of eight rabbit breeds on experimental farms. Animal Research, 53 (1), 59-65. DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.1051/animres:2003043 Dalle Zotte, A. (2000) Main factors influencing the rabbit carcass and meat quality. In: Proceeding of 7th World Rabbit Congress. [Online] Available at: https://world-rabbit-science.com/WRSA-Proceedings/Congress-2000-Valencia/Papers/Growth&%20Meat/Q00-DalleZotte.pdf. [Accessed 1 September 2017].Dalle Zotte, A. (2002) Perception of rabbit meat quality and major factors influencing the rabbit carcass and meat quality. Livest. Prod. Sci., 75, 11-32. DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0301-6226(01)00308-6  Dokoupilová, A., Mach, K., Majzlík, I., Zavadilová, L. (2006) Use of traditional breeds for breeding and hybridization of broiler rabbit. In: Current trends in broiler rabbit breeding. Nitra: Research institute for animal production Nitra, 31-38.Jenisová, E. (2013) Quality of broiler rabbit carcass from small stud. Nitra: Slovak University of Agriculture.Lukefahr, S.D., Hohenboken, W.D., Cheeke, P.R., Patton, N.M. (1983) Appraisal of nine genetic groups of rabbits for carcass and lean yield traits. Journal of Animal Science, 57, 899-907. In: Tůmová, E.,  Martinec, M., Chodová, D. Analysis of Czech rabbit genetic resources.Mach, K., Majzlík, I., Zavadilová, L. (2006) The fattening and slaughter value of the final hybrids ♂PS59x♀PS19 depending on slaughter weight. In: Current trends in broiler rabbit breeding. Nitra: Research institute for animal production Nitra, 21-30.Mach, K.  (1992) Selected genetic and production aspects of rabbit meat production. Association professor thesis. Prague: Faculty of Agronomy, Czech University of Life Sciences.Skřivanová, V., Marounek, M., Tůmová, E., Skřivan, M., Laštovková, J. (2000) Performance, carcass yield and quality of meat in broiler rabbits: a comparison of six genotypes. Czech Journal of Animal Science, 45, 91-95.Šmehýl, P. (2010) The breeding of specialized broiler rabbit lines for intensive farming, Nitra: Slovak University of Agriculture.Šmehýl, P. (2017) Growth traits of synthetic broiler rabbit lines. Nitra: Slovak University of Agriculture.Topczewska, J., Rogowska, A., Gacek, L. A. (2013) The effect of breed on reproductive performance in commodity rabbit production. Journal of Central European Agriculture. 14 (2), 828-835 DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.5513/jcea01/14.2.1271 Tůmová, E., Martinec, M., Chodová, D.  (2011) Analysis of Czech rabbit genetic resources Scientia agriculturae bohemica, 42, 2011 (3), 113–118  https://www.researchgate.net/publication/292703080Tůmová, E., Hrstka, Z. (2013) Comparison of the quality of nutria meat and rabbit. Maso, 24 (5), 47-50.Tůmová, E., Martinec, M., Volek, Z., Härtlová, H., Chodová, D., Bízková, Z. (2013) A study of growth and some blood parameters in Czech rabbits. World Rabbit Sciente, 21 (4), 251-256. DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4995/wrs.2013.1320Vašíčková, K., Ondruška, Ľ., Baláži, A., Parkányi, V., Vašíček, D. (2016) Genetic characterization of Nitra rabbits and Zobor rabbit. Slovak Journal of Animal Science. 49 (3), 104-111.Volek, Z., Volková, L., Tůmová, E., Chodová, D. (2013) Vliv restrikce krmiva na úžitkovost, kvalitu masa a jatečného těla králíků plemene český albín. Maso, 24 (2), 55-57.Zawiślak, J., Świecicka, N., Surma, D., Bernacka, H. (2015) Analysis of factors affecting the final body weight in selected rabbit breeds. 16 (2), 28-37. DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.5513/jcea01/16.2.158

Physicochemical characterization of natural honeys from different regions in Slovakia

This study is intended to determine the physicochemical characteristics of Slovakian honeys, and compare them with specifications described in the Codex Alimentarius Standard, the European Honey directive, the Slovak Codex Alimentarius and Slovak standard No. 1/2006. In addition, we tried to find out correlations between individual constituents of honeys. Physicochemical characterization was carried out following the harmonized methods dictated by the International Honey Commission IHC. Honey samples (n=50) were collected from three honey types (blossom, blends, honeydew), and from the three main Slovakian geographical regions (named 'east', 'middle' and 'west'). The physicochemical evaluation included moisture, reduced sugars, proline, hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF), conductivity, diastase and invertase activity, pH and water activity, following the techniques proposed by the European Honey Commission (EHC). The moisture content in the honey varied from 15.26 to 17.65%, HMF levels ranged from 21.83 to 63.00 mg.kg-1, the diastase activity varied from 21.01 DN to 36.67, invertase activity varied from 121.73 to 164.11 U.kg-1, the proline content varied from 426.56 to 531.79mg.kg-1, the fructose content values were found from 36.33 to 40.20 g.100g-1, the glucose content values ranged from 27.67 to 31.00g.100g-1, the values of saccharose content were from 0.15 to 0.37g.100g-1, the conductivity varied from 29.48 to 97.24mS.cm-1, the pH value varied from 4.06 to 4.80 and the water activity content varied from 0.55 to 0.57. Significant differences (P ≤ 0.05) were found between HMF and fructose, glucose and saccharose and conductivity and pH, significant differences (P ≤ 0.01) between fructose and glucose and significant differences (P ≤ 0.001) were found between HMF and conductivity. Between blossom honey and honeydew honey were found statistical significant differences in HMF (P ≤ 0.05) and conductivity between honeydew honey and blossom honey (P ≤ 0.001). Among regions were determined statistical differences between HMF and invertase (P ≤ 0.05) and conductivity (P ≤ 0.01).Universidad Nacional De La PlataCentro de Investigación y Desarrollo en Criotecnología de Alimento

Physicochemical characterization of natural honeys from different regions in Slovakia

This study is intended to determine the physicochemical characteristics of Slovakian honeys, and compare them with specifications described in the Codex Alimentarius Standard, the European Honey directive, the Slovak Codex Alimentarius and Slovak standard No. 1/2006. In addition, we tried to find out correlations between individual constituents of honeys. Physicochemical characterization was carried out following the harmonized methods dictated by the International Honey Commission IHC. Honey samples (n=50) were collected from three honey types (blossom, blends, honeydew), and from the three main Slovakian geographical regions (named 'east', 'middle' and 'west'). The physicochemical evaluation included moisture, reduced sugars, proline, hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF), conductivity, diastase and invertase activity, pH and water activity, following the techniques proposed by the European Honey Commission (EHC). The moisture content in the honey varied from 15.26 to 17.65%, HMF levels ranged from 21.83 to 63.00 mg.kg-1, the diastase activity varied from 21.01 DN to 36.67, invertase activity varied from 121.73 to 164.11 U.kg-1, the proline content varied from 426.56 to 531.79mg.kg -1, the fructose content values were found from 36.33 to 40.20 g.100g-1, the glucose content values ranged from 27.67 to 31.00g.100g-1, the values of saccharose content were from 0.15 to 0.37g.100g-1, the conductivity varied from 29.48 to 97.24mS.cm -1, the pH value varied from 4.06 to 4.80 and the water activity content varied from 0.55 to 0.57. Significant differences (P ≤ 0.05) were found between HMF and fructose, glucose and saccharose and conductivity and pH, significant differences (P ≤ 0.01) between fructose and glucose and significant differences (P ≤ 0.001) were found between HMF and conductivity. Between blossom honey and honeydew honey were found statistical significant differences in HMF (P ≤ 0.05) and conductivity between honeydew honey and blossom honey (P ≤ 0.001). Among regions were determined statistical differences between HMF and invertase (P ≤ 0.05) and conductivity (P ≤ 0.01)

Physicochemical characterization of natural honeys from different regions in Slovakia

This study is intended to determine the physicochemical characteristics of Slovakian honeys, and compare them with specifications described in the Codex Alimentarius Standard, the European Honey directive, the Slovak Codex Alimentarius and Slovak standard No. 1/2006. In addition, we tried to find out correlations between individual constituents of honeys. Physicochemical characterization was carried out following the harmonized methods dictated by the International Honey Commission IHC. Honey samples (n=50) were collected from three honey types (blossom, blends, honeydew), and from the three main Slovakian geographical regions (named 'east', 'middle' and 'west'). The physicochemical evaluation included moisture, reduced sugars, proline, hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF), conductivity, diastase and invertase activity, pH and water activity, following the techniques proposed by the European Honey Commission (EHC). The moisture content in the honey varied from 15.26 to 17.65%, HMF levels ranged from 21.83 to 63.00 mg.kg-1, the diastase activity varied from 21.01 DN to 36.67, invertase activity varied from 121.73 to 164.11 U.kg-1, the proline content varied from 426.56 to 531.79mg.kg-1, the fructose content values were found from 36.33 to 40.20 g.100g-1, the glucose content values ranged from 27.67 to 31.00g.100g-1, the values of saccharose content were from 0.15 to 0.37g.100g-1, the conductivity varied from 29.48 to 97.24mS.cm-1, the pH value varied from 4.06 to 4.80 and the water activity content varied from 0.55 to 0.57. Significant differences (P ≤ 0.05) were found between HMF and fructose, glucose and saccharose and conductivity and pH, significant differences (P ≤ 0.01) between fructose and glucose and significant differences (P ≤ 0.001) were found between HMF and conductivity. Between blossom honey and honeydew honey were found statistical significant differences in HMF (P ≤ 0.05) and conductivity between honeydew honey and blossom honey (P ≤ 0.001). Among regions were determined statistical differences between HMF and invertase (P ≤ 0.05) and conductivity (P ≤ 0.01).Universidad Nacional De La PlataCentro de Investigación y Desarrollo en Criotecnología de Alimento

Comparison of the Growth Performance of Rabbits of the Hycole Broiler Hybrid in Two breeding models

The aim of the study was to compare the growth performance of a commercial hybrid of rabbits Hycole in small stud (breed 1) with the growth performance of the commercial hybrid Hycole in factory farms (breed 2). In evaluated breed 1 the weight was at weaning 1029,18 g, in the breed 2 it was 1106,04 g. In 49th day in the breed 1 the weight was 1241,75 g and in the breed 2 the weight was 1288 g. At the age of 56 days the weight was in the breed 1 - 1458,19 g and in the breed 2 - 1519,93 g. In 63rd day we found out that the weight in the breed 1 was 1729,75 g and in the breed 2 it was 1781,10 g. At the age of 70 days we found out that the weight in the breed 1 was 2049,84 g and in the breed 2 it was 2122,56 g. In 77th day we found out that the weight in the breed 1 was 2322,14 g and in the breed 2 it was 2481,5 g. At the age of 84 days we found out that the weight of the rabbits in the breed 1 was 2602,89 g and in the breed 2 was the weight 2799,41 g. Average daily increases in a period of a fattening  were 37,47 g in the breed 1 and 40,32 g in the breed 2. Average lifetime daily increases were 30,99 g in the breed 1 and 33,33 g in the breed 2

Analysis of Selected Benefits of the Rabbit of Nitra Breed

The Nitra rabbit is the Slovak breed characterised and typical for its high meat production performance and dressing percentage. The aim of the research was to analyse the Rabbit of Nitra in terms of its reproduction and production performance. All rabbits used for research were raised within a home environment (4 breeding sources). The research was focused on reproduction parameters (the number of live born pups, the number of weaned pups), growth parameters – growth performance (1st day, 21stday, 42nd day to 119th day), slaughter parameters (dressing percentage, the weight of individual parts of carcass body). The weight of live born pups of rabbits was 56,73 ± 1,07 g, weight on 21stday 308,05 ± 7,16 g, weight on 42nd day 1073,10 ± 30,04 g, 119th day 3288,25 ± 41,09 g. An average dressing performance was 62,47± 0,23 %, rangedfrom56 % to 66,02 %. An average weight of skin was 538,10 ± 7,79 g, weight of gastrointestinal tract was 497,05 ± 7,93 g, weight of intestines was 126,55 ± 2,89 g, weight of head was 167,35 ± 2,15 g, weight of back was 444,25 ± 10,50 g, weight of thorax was 396,60 ± 10,77  g, weight of shoulder blades was 232,75 ± 3,54 g and weight of thighs was 542,80 ± 12,21 g