195 research outputs found

    Generalizations of Boxworld

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    Boxworld is a toy theory that can generate extremal nonlocal correlations known as PR boxes. These have been well established as an important tool to examine general nonlocal correlations, even beyond the correlations that are possible in quantum theory. We modify boxworld to include new features. The first modification affects the construction of joint systems such that the new theory allows entangled measurements as well as entangled states in contrast to the standard version of boxworld. The extension to multipartite systems and the consequences for entanglement swapping are analysed. Another modification provides continuous transitions between classical probability theory and boxworld, including the algebraic expression for the maximal CHSH violation as a function of the transition parameters.Comment: In Proceedings QPL 2011, arXiv:1210.029

    Non-locality in theories without the no-restriction hypothesis

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    The framework of generalized probabilistic theories (GPT) is a widely-used approach for studying the physical foundations of quantum theory. The standard GPT framework assumes the no-restriction hypothesis, in which the state space of a physical theory determines the set of measurements. However, this assumption is not physically motivated. In Janotta and Lal [Phys. Rev. A 87, 052131 (2013)], it was shown how this assumption can be relaxed, and how such an approach can be used to describe new classes of probabilistic theories. This involves introducing a new, more general, definition of maximal joint state spaces, which we call the generalised maximal tensor product. Here we show that the generalised maximal tensor product recovers the standard maximal tensor product when at least one of the systems in a bipartite scenario obeys the no-restriction hypothesis. We also show that, under certain conditions, relaxing the no-restriction hypothesis for a given state space does not allow for stronger non-locality, although the generalized maximal tensor product may allow new joint states.Comment: In Proceedings QPL 2013, arXiv:1412.791

    Limits on non-local correlations from the structure of the local state space

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    The outcomes of measurements on entangled quantum systems can be nonlocally correlated. However, while it is easy to write down toy theories allowing arbitrary nonlocal correlations, those allowed in quantum mechanics are limited. Quantum correlations cannot, for example, violate a principle known as macroscopic locality, which implies that they cannot violate Tsirelson's bound. This work shows that there is a connection between the strength of nonlocal correlations in a physical theory, and the structure of the state spaces of individual systems. This is illustrated by a family of models in which local state spaces are regular polygons, where a natural analogue of a maximally entangled state of two systems exists. We characterize the nonlocal correlations obtainable from such states. The family allows us to study the transition between classical, quantum, and super-quantum correlations, by varying only the local state space. We show that the strength of nonlocal correlations - in particular whether the maximally entangled state violates Tsirelson's bound or not - depends crucially on a simple geometric property of the local state space, known as strong self-duality. This result is seen to be a special case of a general theorem, which states that a broad class of entangled states in probabilistic theories - including, by extension, all bipartite classical and quantum states - cannot violate macroscopic locality. Finally, our results show that there exist models which are locally almost indistinguishable from quantum mechanics, but can nevertheless generate maximally nonlocal correlations.Comment: 26 pages, 4 figures. v2: Document structure changed. Main theorem has been extended. It applies to all quantum states now. v3: new abstrac

    (Un-)gebrochene Handlungsmacht in deutschen AuslÀnderbehörden. Grenzanalyse in ErzÀhlungen von Mitarbeiterinnen und Mitarbeitern.

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    Gegenstand des Beitrags ist die Ko-Konstruktion von Grenzen in ErzĂ€hlungen von Arbeitserfahrungen durch Mitarbeiterinnen und Mitarbeiter deutscher AuslĂ€nderbehörden. ZunĂ€chst werden auf der Basis eines praxistheoretischen Grenzbegriffes AuslĂ€nderbehörden als GrenzrĂ€ume verstanden. Anschließend an methodologische Überlegungen zum ErzĂ€hlen von Arbeitserfahrungen und dem Interview als Produktionsraum spezifischer ErzĂ€hlungen werden zwei kontrastierende Interviewausschnitte gegenĂŒbergestellt: Eine ErzĂ€hlung ungebrochener und eine ErzĂ€hlung gebrochender Handlungsmacht von Sachbearbeiterinnen in AuslĂ€nderbehörden. Schließlich wird die Grenzanalyse verdichtet. Die Grenze gestaltet sich in den ErzĂ€hlungen als Komplex von Ein- und AusschlĂŒssen, in denen das Ringen um Definitionsgewalt die nicht totale Handlungsmacht der beruflichen Akteurinnen dokumentiert. In der Figur des (il-)legitimen AuslĂ€nders schließlich wird ein die prekĂ€re Figur des nationalen Anderen rekonstruiert. Der Beitrag stellt erste Verdichtungen aus dem Promotionsprojekt "Grenzen. Aufenthalt als Gegenstand von Entscheidung und Beratung" (Arbeitstitel) vor

    Moralisierungen als Modi der Sinngenese: Eine Diskussion zur QualitĂ€t beruflichen Wissens auf der Basis von ErzĂ€hlungen ĂŒber Aufenthaltsentscheidungen und -beratungen

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    In diesem Artikel werden Moralisierungen, die anhand beruflicher FallerzĂ€hlungen rekonstruiert wurden, als habitualisierte Werthaltungen diskutiert. Datengrundlage fĂŒr die theoretischen Überlegungen sind Interviews mit Mitarbeiter*innen der deutschen Bundespolizei, AuslĂ€nderbehörden und Aufenthaltsberatungsstellen. Aus ErzĂ€hlungen ĂŒber die berufliche Fallarbeit konnten drei berufstypische ErzĂ€hlmodi rekonstruiert werden. Die ErzĂ€hlmodi verweisen auf berufliche Erfahrungen und Handlungen in Situationen, in denen Interaktionspartner*innen sich anders als erwartet bzw. erwĂŒnscht verhielten. Die drei ErzĂ€hlmodi werden vor dem Hintergrund praxeologischer Konzepte als situierte, sinngenerierende Moralisierungen verstanden und stehen darin dem Konzept der Werthaltung nah. Im Anschluss an die methodologische Diskussion der Analyseergebnisse werden die Befunde der Studie im Lichte gegenstandstheoretischer Überlegungen zum VerhĂ€ltnis von Organisationen, beruflichem Wissen und Moral reflektiert.In this article, I discuss moralizations as attitudes and habits of valuation. As I reconstructed the implicit knowledge in narratives about professional case work, these kind of moralizations became apparent. My data include interviews with federal police officers, administrators in immigration offices, and counselors, who give advice on residency issues. From my analysis, I identified three typical modes of narration, each in every professional group. Those modes of narration refer to the professional’s experiences and actions in situations in which clients acted differently from the way they were expected to. Based on the praxeological theory of knowledge, I discuss those modes of narrations as situated and sense making implicit knowledge and I emphasize the moralizing character of this knowledge. As such, the moralizations I found can be discussed as habits of valuations - a concept known from praxeological theory. Subsequent to the methodological discussion, I reflect on my findings in the light of organizational theory, theory of professional knowledge, and concepts of the moral
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