Assessment of deciduous dentition in 6-10 year old school children

Introduction. The emergence of deciduous teeth in the mouth of a child usually brings a joy to every parent. However, after ”short-time euphoria” deciduous teeth, in most cases, become the cause of pain, swelling, infection and further complications. The aim of this study was to assess the status of deciduous teeth in school children. Material and Methods. The study included children age 6-10 years from four cities in Republika Srpska. All respondents were divided in two groups: Group I included those who voluntarily came to be examined at the dental clinic and the Group II-those who were randomly chosen in schools. The examination was performed using dental mirror and probe. Caries verification was carried out by Klein-Palmer system, dmft (d - decay; m - missing; f - filling), and its related indices: Person caries index (pci) and Average caries index (aci). In addition, a survey was conducted. Results. A total number of 228 respondents were examined. Total pci was 96.1%. On average, each child had aci= 4.17 while 10.52% of the children had fillings in primary teeth. None of the children had sealed fissures on deciduous teeth. Physical examination revealed that 12.2% of the children had submucous abscess in oral cavity. The survey revealed that 3% of children did not have a tooth brush. Conclusion. The prevalence of caries in primary teeth is high, despite the fact that the Health Insurance Fund in Republika Srpska covers full cost for complete restoration of teeth in children up to 15 years old. Responsibility for the low percentage of healthy and filled teeth is relying mostly on parents as well as the entire community that should provide development and availability of public health dental care in all areas

Povećana telesna masa i oralno zdravlje dece

Backgraund/Aim. Increased body weight in childhood may have negative effects on many tissues and organs in the body. The aim of this study was to determine whether the state of oral health in children with increased body mass is different from the children with normal body weight. Methods. The study included 190 children, aged 6 to 15 years. Assessment of nutritional status of subjects was performed by the use of Body Mass, and the respondents were divided into a group of increased body weight children (IWC) and a group of normal body weight children (NWC). Hard dental tissue state of health was assessed by the decayed, missing and filled teeth (DMFT) index. The gingival health was assessed using gingival index (GI). Community Periodontal Index (CPI) was used for the assessment of periodontal tissue. The oral hygiene was assessed using the Simplified Debris (Plaque) Index Greene-Vermilion. Results. Average DMFT value in the IWC group was 5.01 ± 2.4, and in the NWC 4.43 ± 2.0; (p > 0.05). GI values in the IWC group was 0.64 ± 0.37, while in the NWC group it was 0.55 ± 0.35 (the difference was not statistically significant). Average CPI index values were 1.33 ± 0.49 in the IWC group and 0.77 ± 0.61 in the NWC group and statistically significant differences were observed concerning periodontal tissue state of health. The GV index values in the IWC group were 1.01 ± 0.49, and in the NWC group 0.89 ± 0.45; it was not statistically significant. Conclusion. Results of this research do not indicate that children with increased body weight have more affected teeth. However, they have a worse condition of periodontal tissue in comparison to normal weight children.Uvod/Cilj. Povećana telesna masa u dečijem uzrastu može negativno da utiče na mnoga tkiva i organe u organizmu čoveka. Cilj ove studije bio je da se ustanovi da li se stanje oralnog zdravlja dece sa povećanom telesnom masom razlikuje u odnosu na decu koja imaju normalnu telesnu masu. Metode. U studiju je bilo uključeno190 dece, uzrasta od 6 do 15 godina. Procena stepena uhranjenosti ispitanika izvršena je pomoću Indeksa telesne mase, a ispitanici su podeljeni u grupu dece sa povećanom telesnom masom i decu sa normalnom telesnom masom. Stanje zdravlja tvrdih zubnih tkiva ocenjeno je pomoću KEP indeksa (ukupan broj karoiznih, ekstrahovanih i plombiranih zuba). Stanje zdravlja gingive procenjeno je pomoću loe Gingivalnog indeksa (GI). Za procenu parodontalnih tkiva upotrebljen je Community Periodontal Index (CPI). Stanje oralne higijene utvđeno je uz pomoć Plak indeksa po Greene-Vermilion- u. Rezultati. U grupi djece sa povećanom telesnom masom prosečna vrednost indeksa KEP bila je 5,01 ± 2,4 a kod dece sa normalnom telesnom masom 4,43 ± 2,0; ova razlika nije bila statistički značajna. Vrednost GI u grupi gojazne dece bila je 0,64 ± 0,37, a u grupi dece sa normalnom telesnom masom 0,55 ± 0,35; ni ova razlika nije bila statistički značajna. Prosečne vrednosti CPI u grupi gojazne dece bila je 1,33 ± 0,49, a u grupi dece sa normalnom telesnom masom 0,77 ± 0,61 što je bilo statistički značajno (p lt 0.05). Vrednosti plak-indeksa nisu bile statistički značajno različitie u obe ispitivane grupe dece. Zaključak. Rezultati istraživanja ne ukazuju da deca sa povećanom telesnom masom imaju više obolelih zuba. Međutim, ona imaju teži stepen obolenja parodontalnih tkiva u odnosu na decu koja imaju normalnu telesnu masu

Primena optičke DIC merne metode na projektu A_MADAM

Aditivne tehnologije sve više se koriste u izradi funkcionalnih proizvoda koji su za vreme eksploatacije podložni dinamičkim opterećenjima. Cilj projekta AMADAM je utvrditi pravila dizajna, tako da s obzirom na način proizvodnje proizvodi aditivnih tehnologija imaju optimalna dinamička svojstva. Primenili smo optičku mernu metodu baziranu na digitalnoj korelacijli slike (DIC) za potrebe ispitivanja materijala, merenja pomaka i deformacija kod propagacije naprslina i verifikaciju i kalibraciju numeričkih simulacija. Eksperimente u prvoj fazi projekta provodimo na uzorcima od poliamida (PA) proizvedenim na SLS 3D printeru. Dosadašnja iskustva pokazala su da se odabrana DIC metoda pokazala jednostavnom za korišćenje a rezultati koje daje pružaju detaljni uvid u stvarno ponašanje konstrukcija.The authors wish to acknowledge the support of European Commission through the project “Advanced design rules for optimal dynamic properties of additive manufacturing products – A_MADAM”, which has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under the Marie Skłodowska-Curie grant agreement No 734455.Publishe

Primjena optičke DIC mjerne metode na projektu A_MADAM

The authors wish to acknowledge the support of European Commission through the project “Advanced design rules for optimal dynamic properties of additive manufacturing products – A_MADAM”, which has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under the Marie Skłodowska-Curie grant agreement No 734455.Publishe

Investigation of mixed mode I and II fracture mechanical behaviour of SLS printed IASCB specimens by digital image correlation

This work focuses on the fracture mechanics properties of polyamide (PA) for selective laser sintering (SLS) and investigates the capability of additive manufacturing process to build 3D artificial cracks, otherwise impossible to create by classic methods. IASCB semi-circular specimen with tilted crack subjected to asymmetric three-point bend loading were tested in order to cover a wide range of stress intensity factors (KI, KII and mixed modes) and T-stress. Moreover, Digital Image correlation (DIC) technique was used by full strain field analysis with the purpose of evaluating the fracture behaviourThe authors wish to acknowledge the support of European Commission through the project “Advanced design rules for optimal dynamic properties of additive manufacturing products – A_MADAM”, which has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under the Marie Skłodowska-Curie grant agreement No 734455.Publishe

Relationship between increased body weight and oral health in children

Backgraund/Aim. Increased body weight in childhood may have negative effects on many tissues and organs in the body. The aim of this study was to determine whether the state of oral health in children with increased body mass is different from the children with normal body weight. Methods. The study included 190 children, aged 6 to 15 years. Assessment of nutritional status of subjects was performed by the use of Body Mass, and the respondents were divided into a group of increased body weight children (IWC) and a group of normal body weight children (NWC). Hard dental tissue state of health was assessed by the decayed, missing and filled teeth (DMFT) index. The gingival health was assessed using gingival index (GI). Community Periodontal Index (CPI) was used for the assessment of periodontal tissue. The oral hygiene was assessed using the Simplified Debris (Plaque) Index Greene-Vermilion. Results. Average DMFT value in the IWC group was 5.01 ± 2.4, and in the NWC 4.43 ± 2.0; (p > 0.05). GI values in the IWC group was 0.64 ± 0.37, while in the NWC group it was 0.55 ± 0.35 (the difference was not statistically significant). Average CPI index values were 1.33 ± 0.49 in the IWC group and 0.77 ± 0.61 in the NWC group and statistically significant differences were observed concerning periodontal tissue state of health. The GV index values in the IWC group were 1.01 ± 0.49, and in the NWC group 0.89 ± 0.45; it was not statistically significant. Conclusion. Results of this research do not indicate that children with increased body weight have more affected teeth. However, they have a worse condition of periodontal tissue in comparison to normal weight children.Uvod/Cilj. Povećana telesna masa u dečijem uzrastu može negativno da utiče na mnoga tkiva i organe u organizmu čoveka. Cilj ove studije bio je da se ustanovi da li se stanje oralnog zdravlja dece sa povećanom telesnom masom razlikuje u odnosu na decu koja imaju normalnu telesnu masu. Metode. U studiju je bilo uključeno190 dece, uzrasta od 6 do 15 godina. Procena stepena uhranjenosti ispitanika izvršena je pomoću Indeksa telesne mase, a ispitanici su podeljeni u grupu dece sa povećanom telesnom masom i decu sa normalnom telesnom masom. Stanje zdravlja tvrdih zubnih tkiva ocenjeno je pomoću KEP indeksa (ukupan broj karoiznih, ekstrahovanih i plombiranih zuba). Stanje zdravlja gingive procenjeno je pomoću loe Gingivalnog indeksa (GI). Za procenu parodontalnih tkiva upotrebljen je Community Periodontal Index (CPI). Stanje oralne higijene utvđeno je uz pomoć Plak indeksa po Greene-Vermilion- u. Rezultati. U grupi djece sa povećanom telesnom masom prosečna vrednost indeksa KEP bila je 5,01 ± 2,4 a kod dece sa normalnom telesnom masom 4,43 ± 2,0; ova razlika nije bila statistički značajna. Vrednost GI u grupi gojazne dece bila je 0,64 ± 0,37, a u grupi dece sa normalnom telesnom masom 0,55 ± 0,35; ni ova razlika nije bila statistički značajna. Prosečne vrednosti CPI u grupi gojazne dece bila je 1,33 ± 0,49, a u grupi dece sa normalnom telesnom masom 0,77 ± 0,61 što je bilo statistički značajno (p lt 0.05). Vrednosti plak-indeksa nisu bile statistički značajno različitie u obe ispitivane grupe dece. Zaključak. Rezultati istraživanja ne ukazuju da deca sa povećanom telesnom masom imaju više obolelih zuba. Međutim, ona imaju teži stepen obolenja parodontalnih tkiva u odnosu na decu koja imaju normalnu telesnu masu

Evaluation of the Impact of Black Carbon on the Worsening of Allergic Respiratory Diseases in the Region of Western Serbia: A Time-Stratified Case-Crossover Study

Background and Objectives: Many epidemiological studies have shown a positive association between black carbon (BC) and the exacerbation of allergic rhinitis and allergic asthma. However, none of the studies in Serbia examined this relationship yet. The aim of this study was to examine the associations between BC and emergency department (ED) visits for allergic rhinitis and allergic asthma in the Užice region of Serbia. Materials and Methods: A time-stratified case-crossover design was applied to 523 ED visits for allergic rhinitis and asthma exacerbation that occurred in the Užice region of Serbia between 2012–2014. Data regarding ED visits were routinely collected in the Health Center of Užice. The daily average concentrations of BC were measured by automatic ambient air quality monitoring stations. Odds ratios (ORs) and their corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated using conditional logistic regression adjusted for the potential confounding influence of weather variables (temperature, humidity, and air pressure). Results: Statistically significant associations were observed between ED visits for allergic rhinitis and 2-day lagged exposure to BC (OR = 3.20; CI = 1.00–10.18; p = 0.049) and allergic asthma and 3-day lagged exposure to BC (OR = 3.23; CI = 1.05–9.95; p = 0.041). Conclusion: Exposure to BC in the Užice region increases the risk of ED visits for allergic rhinitis and asthma, particularly during the heating season

Diet and gastric cancer

The aim of this case-control study, conducted in Serbia during the period 1998-2000, was to investigate whether diet was associated with the development of gastric cancer. The case group consisted of 131 patients with histologically confirmed gastric cancer, and the control group of 131 patients with orthopedics diseases and injuries. Cases and controls were individually matched by age (±± 2 years), gender, and place of residence. On the basis of multivariate logistic regression analysis, following factors were found as independent risk factors for gastric cancer: more frequent consumption of high-fat milk [Odds ratio (OR) =1.45, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.99-2.16]; mutton, lamb and/or calf meat (OR = 2.46, 95% CI = 1.11-5.47), sugar (OR = 2.13, 95% CI = 1.43-3.18), semi-white bread (OR = 2.09, 95% CI = 1.25-3.50), and salting food (OR = 5.72, 95% CI = 2.63-12.42). Factors found as protective were: more frequent consumption of margarine (OR = 0.41, 95% CI = 0.25-0.69), „other“ cheeses (OR = 0.47, 95% CI = 0.29 - 0.77), and fish (OR = 0.39, 95% CI = 0.19-0.76)

Size-dependent effects of gold nanoparticles uptake on maturation and antitumor functions of human dendritic cells in vitro

Gold nanoparticles (GNPs) are claimed as outstanding biomedical tools for cancer diagnostics and photo-thermal therapy, but without enough evidence on their potentially adverse immunological effects. Using a model of human dendritic cells (DCs), we showed that 10 nm- and 50 nm-sized GNPs (GNP10 and GNP50, respectively) were internalized predominantly via dynamin-dependent mechanisms, and they both impaired LPS-induced maturation and allostimulatory capacity of DCs, although the effect of GNP10 was more prominent. However, GNP10 inhibited LPS-induced production of IL-12p70 by DCs, and potentiated their Th2 polarization capacity, while GNP50 promoted Th17 polarization. Such effects of GNP10 correlated with a stronger inhibition of LPS-induced changes in Ca2+ oscillations, their higher number per DC, and more frequent extraendosomal localization, as judged by live-cell imaging, proton, and electron microscopy, respectively. Even when released from heat-killed necrotic HEp-2 cells, GNP10 inhibited the necrotic tumor cell-induced maturation and functions of DCs, potentiated their Th2/Th17 polarization capacity, and thus, impaired the DCs% capacity to induce T cell-mediated anti-tumor cytotoxicity in vitro. Therefore, GNP10 could potentially induce more adverse DC-mediated immunological effects, compared to GNP50