Comparison of the results of aerobic exercise testing, when kayaking in the pool with

Název: Porovnání výsledků aerobní zátěžové diagnostiky při jízdě na kajaku v bazénu s protiproudem a při klikové ergometrii horních končetin. Cíle práce: Cílem práce bylo zrealizovat aerobní zátěžovou diagnostiku při jízdě na kajaku v bazénu s protiproudem a zjistit tak úroveň kardiorespirační zdatnosti elitních českých kajakářů přímo při specifické činnosti pádlování. Dále jsme chtěli zjistit úroveň kardiorespirační zdatnosti těchto kajakářů při klikové ergometrii horních končetin a výsledné hodnoty porovnat s hodnotami získanými při pádlování v bazénu s protiproudem. Metody: K získání potřebných dat jsme využili laboratorní testování (aerobní zátěžovou diagnostiku pří pádlování v bazénu s protiproudem a při klikové ergometrii horních končetin) a dotazníkového šetření. Výsledky: Podařilo se zrealizovat aerobní zátěžovou diagnostiku při jízdě na kajaku v bazénu s protiproudem a zjistit, jaká je kardiorespirační zdatnost elitních českých vodních slalomářů (kajakářů) přímo při specifické činnosti pádlování (VO2max: 38,49 ± 7,92; SF: 181,88 ± 4,99) i při pohybové činnosti podobné - klikové ergometrii horních končetin (VO2max: 66,29 ± 3,16; SF: 183,0 ± 6,02). Získali jsme odpověď na naši výzkumnou otázku o vztahu mezi výslednými hodnotami funkčních ukazatelů naměřených při jízdě na kajaku v bazénu s...Title: Comparison of the results of aerobic exercise testing, when kayaking in the pool with countercurrent and crank ergometry upper limbs. Aims: The aim was to implement aerobic exercise testing when kayaking in the pool with countercurrent and find out the level of cardiorespiratory fitness of elite Czech kayakers directly at a specific aktivity of paddling. We also wanted to determine the level of cardiorespiratory fitness kayakers in the crank ergometry upper limbs and the resulting values compared with the values obtained with the values of testing in the pool with counter. Methods: We used a laboratory testing (aerobic exercise testing in the pool with countercurrent and aerobic exercise testing during crank ergometry upper limbs) and survey. Results: We managed to implement aerobic exercise testing when kayaking in the pool with countercurrent and find out what is the cardiorespiratory fitness of elite Czech white water kaykers directly at a specific aktivity of paddling (VO2max: 38.49 ± 7.92; HR: 181.88 ± 4,99) and during physical activities similar - crank ergometry upper limbs (VO2max: 66.29 ± 3.16; HR: 183,0 ± 6,02). We received the answer to our research question about the relationship between the resulting values of functional parameters measured during kayaking in the pool with...Sporty v příroděFaculty of Physical Education and SportFakulta tělesné výchovy a sport

Test–retest reliability of four flatwater performance-related tests in canoe slalom athletes

Purpose: This study aims to evaluate the test–retest reliability of four flatwater performance-related tests in canoe slalom athletes. Methods: Twenty-two Slovak national team members of junior and U23 age group racing in a category K1 men (K1M), K1 women (K1W) or C1 men (C1M) volunteered to take part in this study. During both test and retest testing sessions athletes performed 4 flatwater tests: SPS—Sprints with a turn to the preferred side (2 × 15 m shuttle sprints), SNPS—Sprints with a turn to the non-preferred side (2 × 15 m shuttle sprints), SBS—Sprints with turns to both sides (2 × 15 m shuttle sprints) as well as 12 × 15 AOT—12 × 15 m all out shuttle test (12 × 15 m shuttle sprints). Each athlete completed two sessions separated by a minimum of days and a maximum of 5 days. Results: The results have shown the excellent test-retest reliability of all four flatwater tests (ICC—SPS: 0.98; SPNPS 0.97; SBS: 0.98 and 12 × 15 m AOT: 0.96). Additionally, results have shown SEM (SPS: 0.14; SPNPS 0.18; SBS: 0.13 and 12 × 15 m AOT: 1.05) and SWC (SPS: 0.21; SPNPS 0.26; SBS: 0.19 and 12 × 15 m AOT: 1.58). Conclusion: Based on our results we suggest that coaches use these valid and reliable tests to assess changes in their athletes’ performance-related physical fitness over time, to verify the effectiveness of training programs focused on improvement in specific physical fitness of athletes as well as to identify asymmetries between the preferred and non-preferred side in canoe slalom athletes

Asymmetries in paddle force influence choice of stroke type for canoe slalom athletes

Canoe slalom is an Olympic discipline where athletes race down a whitewater course in kayaks (K1) or canoes (C1) navigating a set of down-stream and up-stream gates. Kayak paddles are symmetrical and have a blade at each end, whereas C1 paddles have only one blade that must be moved across the boat to perform strokes on either the right or left side. Asymmetries in paddle force between the two sides of the boat may lead to a reduction in predicted race time. The purpose of this study was to quantify asymmetries in the paddle forces between the two sides for slalom paddling. Paddle forces for 42 canoe slalom athletes (C1 and K1) were quantified from the straight sections of a flat-water figure-of-eight course. Paddle forces were measured using strain gauges embedded in the paddle shaft, stroke type was identified using video, and boat trajectory was tracked using inertial measurement units and high-speed GPS: data were fused using in-house analysis software. Paddle forces were quantified by their peak force, and impulse during the stroke. Paddle forces for the kayakers had asymmetries of 14.2 to 17.1% for the male K1M and 11.1 to 14.4% for the women K1W. Canoeists were no more asymmetrical than the kayakers for their ‘on-side’ strokes between the right and left sides. However, there were considerable differences for their ‘off-side’ strokes: male C1M off-side paddle forces were similar to their ‘on-side’ forces for the same side, but the women C1W had a significantly lower (−20.8% to −29.5%) paddle forces for their ‘off-side’ strokes compared to their ‘on-side’ strokes on that same side. Despite an increasing number of younger male athletes being introduced to the switching technique, and it being used by C1M athletes in international competitions since 2014, C1M paddlers still do not use switching transitions as much as C1W. The data from this study indicate that there is a biomechanical reason for this sex-based difference in the higher proportion of off-side strokes used by the C1M athletes compared to C1W athletes: and this needs to be considered for optimal technique development and race performance

The relationship between selected conditional abilities and performance in white water slalom (category C1).

Cílem práce bylo identifikovat vztah vybraných kondičních schopností s výkonností prokázanou v nominačních závodech do reprezentačního družstva České republiky a na Olympijské hry 2016. Zároveň bylo naším záměrem zjistit optimální úroveň kondičních předpokladů pro vrcholovou výkonnost a na jejím základě definovat modelového singlkanoistu. Z hlediska úrovně kondičních předpokladů jsme zjišťovali také rozdíly mezi seniorským a juniorským reprezentačním družstvem. Výzkumný soubor (n=17) nejvyšší české soutěže (Českého poháru) byl 5 týdnů před nominačními závody podroben baterii testů zjišťující úroveň kondičních schopností - tedy silových, vytrvalostních a částečně i rychlostních předpokladů. Podrobně byly měřeny také antropometrické parametry probandů - stavba a složení těla. Výsledné hodnoty ukazatelů byly následně korelovány s výkonností v nominačních závodech. U ukazatelů, v jejichž případě byly zjištěny signifikantní a alespoň středně silné korelace, byla zjišťována také možnost výkonnostní predikce. Nejvyšší korelace s výkonností byly zjištěny v případě sprintů na rovné vodě na vzdálenost 40m s 1 otočkou v přesahu (rs=0,86) a 200m se 4 otočkami (rs=0,795). Středně silně s výkoností koreloval také sprint na 20m (rs=0,65), 40m s otočkou na ruku (rs=0,62) a 80m sprint se 2 otočkami (rs=0,58)....The aim of the study was to identify the relationship between selected fitness skills and the performance demonstrated in nomination races (NR) to the Czech Republic national team (NT) and for the Olympic Games. At the same time, we wanted to determine the optimal level of conditioning assumptions and define a model single-canoe sportsman. We were also searching to determine the differences between Senior NT and Junior NT. The research sample (n=17) of the Czech highest competitions series (Czech Cup) participated in testing to determine level of strength, endurance and partly speed assumptions. There were also measured anthropometric parameters (body dimensions and composition) in detail. Testing took place only 5 weeks before NR. The condition indicators were subsequently correlated with the NR performance. For indicators for which significant and at least moderate correlation were found, the possibility of performance prediction was also found. The highest correlations with performance were found in case of on-water sprints: 20m (rs=0,65), 40m (rs=0,86, resp. rs=0,62), 80m (rs=0,58) and 200m (rs=0,795). The on-water sprints are the only indicators, which could be possibly used for the NR performance prediction. In multiple regression of the 2 40m and 1 200m sprints was found high determination...Pedagogika, psychologie a didaktikaFaculty of Physical Education and SportFakulta tělesné výchovy a sport

The relationship between selected conditional abilities and performance in white water slalom (category C1).

The aim of the study was to identify the relationship between selected fitness skills and the performance demonstrated in nomination races (NR) to the Czech Republic national team (NT) and for the Olympic Games. At the same time, we wanted to determine the optimal level of conditioning assumptions and define a model single-canoe sportsman. We were also searching to determine the differences between Senior NT and Junior NT. The research sample (n=17) of the Czech highest competitions series (Czech Cup) participated in testing to determine level of strength, endurance and partly speed assumptions. There were also measured anthropometric parameters (body dimensions and composition) in detail. Testing took place only 5 weeks before NR. The condition indicators were subsequently correlated with the NR performance. For indicators for which significant and at least moderate correlation were found, the possibility of performance prediction was also found. The highest correlations with performance were found in case of on-water sprints: 20m (rs=0,65), 40m (rs=0,86, resp. rs=0,62), 80m (rs=0,58) and 200m (rs=0,795). The on-water sprints are the only indicators, which could be possibly used for the NR performance prediction. In multiple regression of the 2 40m and 1 200m sprints was found high determination..

The relationship between selected conditional abilities and performance in white water slalom (category C1).

The aim of the study was to identify the relationship between selected fitness skills and the performance demonstrated in nomination races (NR) to the Czech Republic national team (NT) and for the Olympic Games. At the same time, we wanted to determine the optimal level of conditioning assumptions and define a model single-canoe sportsman. We were also searching to determine the differences between Senior NT and Junior NT. The research sample (n=17) of the Czech highest competitions series (Czech Cup) participated in testing to determine level of strength, endurance and partly speed assumptions. There were also measured anthropometric parameters (body dimensions and composition) in detail. Testing took place only 5 weeks before NR. The condition indicators were subsequently correlated with the NR performance. For indicators for which significant and at least moderate correlation were found, the possibility of performance prediction was also found. The highest correlations with performance were found in case of on-water sprints: 20m (rs=0,65), 40m (rs=0,86, resp. rs=0,62), 80m (rs=0,58) and 200m (rs=0,795). The on-water sprints are the only indicators, which could be possibly used for the NR performance prediction. In multiple regression of the 2 40m and 1 200m sprints was found high determination..

The relationship between selected conditional abilities and performance in white water slalom (category C1).

The aim of the study was to identify the relationship between selected fitness skills and the performance demonstrated in nomination races (NR) to the Czech Republic national team (NT) and for the Olympic Games. At the same time, we wanted to determine the optimal level of conditioning assumptions and define a model single-canoe sportsman. We were also searching to determine the differences between Senior NT and Junior NT. The research sample (n=17) of the Czech highest competitions series (Czech Cup) participated in testing to determine level of strength, endurance and partly speed assumptions. There were also measured anthropometric parameters (body dimensions and composition) in detail. Testing took place only 5 weeks before NR. The condition indicators were subsequently correlated with the NR performance. For indicators for which significant and at least moderate correlation were found, the possibility of performance prediction was also found. The highest correlations with performance were found in case of on-water sprints: 20m (rs=0,65), 40m (rs=0,86, resp. rs=0,62), 80m (rs=0,58) and 200m (rs=0,795). The on-water sprints are the only indicators, which could be possibly used for the NR performance prediction. In multiple regression of the 2 40m and 1 200m sprints was found high determination..

Comparison of the results of aerobic exercise testing, when kayaking in the pool with

Title: Comparison of the results of aerobic exercise testing, when kayaking in the pool with countercurrent and crank ergometry upper limbs. Aims: The aim was to implement aerobic exercise testing when kayaking in the pool with countercurrent and find out the level of cardiorespiratory fitness of elite Czech kayakers directly at a specific aktivity of paddling. We also wanted to determine the level of cardiorespiratory fitness kayakers in the crank ergometry upper limbs and the resulting values compared with the values obtained with the values of testing in the pool with counter. Methods: We used a laboratory testing (aerobic exercise testing in the pool with countercurrent and aerobic exercise testing during crank ergometry upper limbs) and survey. Results: We managed to implement aerobic exercise testing when kayaking in the pool with countercurrent and find out what is the cardiorespiratory fitness of elite Czech white water kaykers directly at a specific aktivity of paddling (VO2max: 38.49 ± 7.92; HR: 181.88 ± 4,99) and during physical activities similar - crank ergometry upper limbs (VO2max: 66.29 ± 3.16; HR: 183,0 ± 6,02). We received the answer to our research question about the relationship between the resulting values of functional parameters measured during kayaking in the pool with..

Comparison of the results of aerobic exercise testing while kayaking and crank ergometry of upper limbs

Title: Comparison of the results of aerobic exercise testing while kayak paddling whith crank ergometry of upper limbs. Aims: The aim of the study was to determine the relationship between the results of aerobic execise diagnostics of 6 elite kayakers (white water slalom) when paddling of flat water with crank ergometry of upper limbs. The results obtained when paddling on flat water were also compared with results obtained when paddling in the pool with counter (bachelor thesis). Based on the results we wanted to answer the question about the possible use specific forms of stress diagnosis (spiroergometry) in routine practice of training proces. Methods: We used standardized laboratory spiroergomtry stress test at crank ergometry of upper limbs and spiroergometry stress test when paddling on flat water of the same protocol. To obtain the functional values of physiological indicators in both test we used mobile spiroergometry equipment Cortex Metamax 3B and sporttester Polar. Feedback of probands were identified based on suervey with closed questions. Results: Testing kayakers reached when paddling on flat water the average functional values: heart rate (HR) 188,5 (±8,77) beats per minute, maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max.) 56 ml.kg.min-1 (±6.31); maximum ventilation (VMAX.) 127.31 l.min-1 (±15.16);..

Comparison Of Results In C1 Paddling Functional Test And In Arm Crank Ergometrics In Canoe Slalom Elite Athletes

Background: Recently, there has been a rising demand on the specifics of functional load testing, which should along with its motor structure, correspond or at least draw close to the sports specialisation. However, evaluation of specific forms of diagnostics is very pure in canoe slalom.  Objective: The aim of the study was to compare a physiological response based on results in a graded functional test when paddling in a single canoe (C1) and results reached in standardised arm crank ergometrics.Methods: The research sample consisted of 6 elite Czech single canoeists, members of Czech senior national team and the Czech national team up to 23 years of age. Their average weight was 79.7±6.6 kg, height 183.4±6.6 cm and age 23.6±3.9 years.Results: When comparing the result values of physiological indicators measured in both functional tests, we have found out significant differences (statistical and substantive) in variables: VO2peak (p=0.00; 15.1%), VEpeak (p=0.06, 11.1%), HR (p=0.02; 5.7%), RR (p=0.18; 9.3%), VT (p=0.00; 18.8%) and RER (p=0.26; 4.0%). With the exception of respiratory rate, significantly lower values of all physiological variables were found in on-water testing (C1). Although there was a strong correlation between the VO2 peak indicators (r=0.79, p=0.06) found between paddling and crank ergometrics, this relationship cannot be considered significant (p=0.06) due to the small research sample.Conclusions: To evaluate on-water testing and to determine the external validity of arm crank ergometrics for C1 diagnostics, it is necessary to test a bigger research sample. Therefore, this is a pilot study. However, the results indicate that the physiological load requirements in the C1 category are different from those of the kayak category (K1). Although C1 paddlers reached similar VO2 peak values in the arm crank ergometrics as kayakers, in the on-water test they reached about 10 ml.kg.min-1 lower oxygen uptake compared to kayakers (Busta, Bílý, Suchý, & Kovářová, 2017)