Model Reactions Involving Ester Functional Groups during Thermo‐Oxidative Degradation of Biodiesel

Biodiesel is a renewable fuel used in diesel engines that is typically blended with diesel fuel. However, biodiesel is susceptible to oxidation, which has the potential to produce higher molecular weight materials that may adversely impact vehicle fuel‐system performance. To investigate the chemical reactions potentially important in biodiesel oxidation, four different types of chemical reactions involving esters were studied: (1) ester formation (reactions of acids with alcohols), (2) alcoholysis (reactions of alcohols with esters), (3) acidolysis (reaction of acids with esters), and (4) ester exchange (reactions between two esters). Experiments with representative model compounds were used to evaluate these reactions at 90 °C with aeration; conditions previously used to simulate thermo‐oxidative degradation during biodiesel aging. Reactions were monitored using gas chromatography, fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, and total acid number (TAN). Evidence is presented suggesting that alcoholysis and ester formation (Reactions 1 and 2), catalyzed by carboxylic acids, are important reactions of esters that could lead to larger molecules. Acidolysis (Reaction 3) proceeded at a comparatively slow rate and ester exchange reaction products (Reaction 4) were not detected under these aging conditions.Peer Reviewedhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/151841/1/aocs12277_am.pdfhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/151841/2/aocs12277.pd

The Ursinus Weekly, December 2, 1968

Arts Forum held; 4 foreign students featured on panel • Board OKs student members on committees; Student Senate endorses SFARC resolution • Camino real scheduled for December 6th • Mandrake concert is hit; Rock group shows profit • Editorial: Our play; The larger issue • Letters to the editor • Tradition vs. change • Herberg sees anomic moral crisis; Fun morality termed other directed • SFARC minutes • Opinion: Speaker fails to prove dilemma • Freeland Hall: Don\u27t let it be forgot • Senior looks at Freeland: Can Library replace Freeland\u27s primacy? • Search into history substantiates claim of second oldest graduate that Freeland was everything • Instructor asks what do students really want? • Now is the time to unite • WRUC increases wattage to allow greater service • USGA discusses Black Alliance • Students to decide on two government proposals • Pratt art show opens at Ursinus • PNE Folk Fest held; U.C. talent featured • U.C. sponsors Career Days • Howard honored for achievements • Gurzynski\u27s men win title; Albert leads UC to championship • Soccer team edges LaSalle after losing to Haverford • Flowers win intramural crown with 6-0 victory over Sig Rho • Whatley lauds squad; predicts progress • Bears destroy Haverford; Shuman wins Maxwell Award • All Stars will visit Glassboro • Greek gleaningshttps://digitalcommons.ursinus.edu/weekly/1167/thumbnail.jp

Heroes and villains of world history across cultures

© 2015 Hanke et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are creditedEmergent properties of global political culture were examined using data from the World History Survey (WHS) involving 6,902 university students in 37 countries evaluating 40 figures from world history. Multidimensional scaling and factor analysis techniques found only limited forms of universality in evaluations across Western, Catholic/Orthodox, Muslim, and Asian country clusters. The highest consensus across cultures involved scientific innovators, with Einstein having the most positive evaluation overall. Peaceful humanitarians like Mother Theresa and Gandhi followed. There was much less cross-cultural consistency in the evaluation of negative figures, led by Hitler, Osama bin Laden, and Saddam Hussein. After more traditional empirical methods (e.g., factor analysis) failed to identify meaningful cross-cultural patterns, Latent Profile Analysis (LPA) was used to identify four global representational profiles: Secular and Religious Idealists were overwhelmingly prevalent in Christian countries, and Political Realists were common in Muslim and Asian countries. We discuss possible consequences and interpretations of these different representational profiles.This research was supported by grant RG016-P-10 from the Chiang Ching-Kuo Foundation for International Scholarly Exchange (http://www.cckf.org.tw/). Religion Culture Entropy China Democracy Economic histor

The Ursinus Weekly, March 6, 1969

Officers inducted; Emig emphasizes new responsibility • American dream, brotherhood highlight Festival of the Arts • USGA officers interviewed; Communication gap stressed • Placement interviews scheduled • 200 attend Lorelei; Fischer crowned king • Semi-formal ball highlights junior-senior weekend • Editorial: Potpourri - Or, Could this ever happen here? • State set to punish protestors; Laws threaten civil liberties • Letters to the editor • Remark • Lantern literary lapse termed titanic bomb • Staying out of uniform: A practical guide for the Ursinus male, part I • Whose risk? • Columnist proposes solution to UC\u27s dearth of black students • Albright draws Fifth Dimension • Racism symposium set for March 20 with Lincoln Univ. • Dorm lounges opened; Slacks rule slackened • Rice discusses status for Phi Beta Kappa • Ursinus grapplers rally to win over Drexel, 22-13 • New gym complex to include pool • Carson paces Bearettes over Gettysburg • Badminton team wins six in row • Trackmen run at Swarthmore and Delaware • Gillespie hits 37 points to lead Bears over Swarthmore in finale • Girl swimmers win over Penn and Elizabethtown • Junior varsity hoopmen finish with 11-6 record • Dickinson frat system defended • UC celebrates centennial with unique innovation • Forum features Howellhttps://digitalcommons.ursinus.edu/weekly/1171/thumbnail.jp

1967: Abilene Christian College Bible Lectures - Full Text

LIFTING UP THE CHRIST” Being the Abilene Christian College Annual Bible Lectures 1967 $3.95 Published by ABILENE CHRISTIAN COLLEGE STUDENTS EXCHANGE ACC Station Abilene, Texa

The Ursinus Weekly, December 19, 1968

Messiah presented by Ursinus choir; Performances draw SRO audiences • Frat system & houses favored by students; 12% thumbs down! • 878 enrolled in U.C. Evening School • YM-YWCA supports SFARC investigation • Editorial: Activities chaos rolls on • Drama in real life • Student long-term planning committee report • Letters to the editor • Flu strikes East; U.C. still healthy • A memory with pillars • A Christmas story • Murmurs from within • Exchange • Faculty portrait: Mr. Sharp; Hangup on social problems overshadows intellectual quest • UC pranks: They\u27re all in good fun; Was Freeland ghost really Dr. Helfferich? • Many of greatest pranks took place in Chapel • Doctors Yost and Parsons recall Ursinus shenanigans of yesteryear; Boycotts, pigs, moths make hits • Protheatre makes hit debut in New Theatre production • Opinion: Open letter to Byron Jackson • Greek gleanings • Winning doesn\u27t count but being clean-shaven does • Snellbelles open against Moravian • Outweighed, but still fighting • Bears to face area teams, will see many super sophs • Women\u27s wrestling wound-up • Quiet revolution topic of discussion • Dr. Lewis announces $1000 trust fund • Blacks\u27 non-recognition: one topic for USGAhttps://digitalcommons.ursinus.edu/weekly/1168/thumbnail.jp

Kinome rewiring reveals AURKA limits PI3K-pathway inhibitor efficacy in breast cancer.

Dysregulation of the PI3K-AKT-mTOR signaling network is a prominent feature of breast cancers. However, clinical responses to drugs targeting this pathway have been modest, possibly because of dynamic changes in cellular signaling that drive resistance and limit drug efficacy. Using a quantitative chemoproteomics approach, we mapped kinome dynamics in response to inhibitors of this pathway and identified signaling changes that correlate with drug sensitivity. Maintenance of AURKA after drug treatment was associated with resistance in breast cancer models. Incomplete inhibition of AURKA was a common source of therapy failure, and combinations of PI3K, AKT or mTOR inhibitors with the AURKA inhibitor MLN8237 were highly synergistic and durably suppressed mTOR signaling, resulting in apoptosis and tumor regression in vivo. This signaling map identifies survival factors whose presence limits the efficacy of targeted therapies and reveals new drug combinations that may unlock the full potential of PI3K-AKT-mTOR pathway inhibitors in breast cancer

Inverse-Transition Radiation Laser Acceleration Experiments at SLAC

We present a series of laser-driven particle acceleration experiments that are aimed at studying laser-particle acceleration as an inverse-radiation process. To this end we employ a semi-open vacuum setup with a thin planar boundary that interacts with the laser and the electromagnetic field of the electron beam. Particle acceleration from different types of boundaries will be studied and compared to the theoretical expectations from the Inverse-radiation picture and the field path integral method. We plan to measure the particle acceleration effect from transparent, reflective, black, and rough surface boundaries. While the agreement between the two acceleration pictures is straightforward to prove analytically for the transparent and reflective boundaries the equivalence is not clear-cut for the absorbing and rough-surface boundaries. Experimental observation may provide the evidence to distinguish between the models

Unambiguous detection of nitrated explosive vapours by fluorescence quenching of dendrimer films

Unambiguous and selective standoff (non-contact) infield detection of nitro-containingexplosives and taggants is an important goal but difficult to achieve with standard analyticaltechniques. Oxidative fluorescence quenching is emerging as a high sensitivity method fordetecting such materials but is prone to false positives—everyday items such as perfumeselicit similar responses. Here we report thin films of light-emitting dendrimers that detectvapours of explosives and taggants selectively—fluorescence quenching is not observed for arange of common interferents. Using a combination of neutron reflectometry, quartz crystalmicrobalance and photophysical measurements we show that the origin of the selectivity isprimarily electronic and not the diffusion kinetics of the analyte or its distribution in the film.The results are a major advance in the development of sensing materials for the standoffdetection of nitro-based explosive vapours, and deliver significant insights into the physicalprocesses that govern the sensing efficacy

The medical student

The Medical Student was published from 1888-1921 by the students of Boston University School of Medicine