An Exploratory Study of Holland\u27s Theory of Vocational Choise and Rotter\u27s Social Learning Theory

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to explore the relationship between Holland\u27s theory of vocational choice and Rotter\u27s social learning theory. More specifically, it was aimed at examining the interplay between internal-external locus of control and consistent and inconsistent vocational patterns to determine whether the apparent differences between personality theory and vocational choice theory could be reduced. Subjects: The subjects were 493 freshmen males who entered the University of North Dakota during the Summer or Fall of 1967, participated in the Orientation Program, and completed one semester of course work. In accordance with the experimental design 474 subjects of the original sample were used for a two way analysis of variance and 365 subjects for a three way analysis of variance. Procedure: All of the subjects received the Strong Vocational Interest Blank, James\u27s I-E Scale, and the American College Tests as part of the Freshman Orientation Program. To determine consistent and inconsistent vocational patterns each subject\u27s Strong Vocational Interest Blank profile was re-grouped according to Holland\u27s six vocational categories. Mean standard scores were then computed for each category. Primary and secondary patterns were determined by finding the first and second highest mean score among the six categories. These were then compared to Holland\u27s hexagonal model to determine whether they represented consistent or inconsistent vocational patterns. James\u27s I-E Scale was used as a measure of internal-external locus of control, while the American College Tests served as an index of academic ability. Ten hypotheses were developed. Of these, three dealt with the relationship among consistent and inconsistent vocational patterns, academic ability, and internal-external locus of control, and were tested by a two way analysis of variance, where I-E scores represented the dependent variable. The remaining seven hypotheses examined the relationship among vocational patterns, locus of control, academic ability and academic performance, the latter representing the dependent variable in a three way analysis of variance. Principle Findings and Conclusions: Contrary to expectations there appeared to be little empirical relationship between Rotter\u27s social learning theory and Holland\u27s theory of vocational choice, despite the similarities which seemed to exist at a theoretical level. Academic ability differentiated between internally and externally controlled individuals, lending support to prior studies. Similarly, internals and high ability students achieved significantly higher grades than externals and low ability students. No significant difference was found between vocationally consistent and vocationally inconsistent subjects in terms of academic achievement. No interaction was found among the variables and academic performance. Summary: Whereas academic ability was related to locus of control, no relationship existed between vocational patterns and this construct. In terms of academic achievement, significant differences were found for locus of control and for academic ability, but not for vocational patterns

Application of Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) modelling to retail display and storage of food

This paper describes the work that has been conducted at the University of Bristol on the use of computational fluid dynamic (CFD) modelling to aid the design of retail display cabinets and storage rooms

Nipah shell disorder, modes of infection, and virulence

The Nipah Virus (NiV) was first isolated during a 1998–9 outbreak in Malaysia. The outbreak initially infected farm pigs and then moved to humans from pigs with a case-fatality rate (CFR) of about 40%. After 2001, regular outbreaks occurred with higher CFRs (~71%, 2001–5, ~93%, 2008–12). The spread arose from drinking virus-laden palm date sap and human-to-human transmission. Intrinsic disorder analysis revealed strong correlation between the percentage of disorder in the N protein and CFR (Regression: r2 = 0.93, p < 0.01, ANOVA: p < 0.01). Distinct disorder and, therefore, genetic differences can be found in all three group of strains. The fact that the transmission modes of the Malaysia strain are different from those of the Bangladesh strains suggests that the correlations may also be linked to the modes of viral transmission. Analysis of the NiV and related viruses suggests links between modes of transmission and disorder of not just the N protein but, also, of M shell protein. The links among shell disorder, transmission modes, and virulence suggest mechanisms by which viruses are attenuated as they passed through different cell hosts from different animal species. These have implications for development of vaccines and epidemiological molecular analytical tools to contain outbreaks

Rigidity of the Outer Shell Predicted by a Protein Intrinsic Disorder Model Sheds Light on the COVID-19 (Wuhan-2019-nCoV) Infectivity

The world is currently witnessing an outbreak of a new coronavirus spreading quickly across China and affecting at least 24 other countries. With almost 65,000 infected, a worldwide death toll of at least 1370 (as of 14 February 2020), and with the potential to affect up to two-thirds of the world population, COVID-19 is considered by the World Health Organization (WHO) to be a global health emergency. The speed of spread and infectivity of COVID-19 (also known as Wuhan-2019-nCoV) are dramatically exceeding those of the Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV). In fact, since September 2012, the WHO has been notified of 2494 laboratory-confirmed cases of infection with MERS-CoV, whereas the 2002–2003 epidemic of SARS affected 26 countries and resulted in more than 8000 cases. Therefore, although SARS, MERS, and COVID-19 are all the result of coronaviral infections, the causes of the coronaviruses differ dramatically in their transmissibility. It is likely that these differences in infectivity of coronaviruses can be attributed to the differences in the rigidity of their shells which can be evaluated using computational tools for predicting intrinsic disorder predisposition of the corresponding viral proteins

Integrated control and display research for transition and vertical flight on the NASA V/STOL Research Aircraft (VSRA)

Results of a substantial body of ground-based simulation experiments indicate that a high degree of precision of operation for recovery aboard small ships in heavy seas and low visibility with acceptable levels of effort by the pilot can be achieved by integrating the aircraft flight and propulsion controls. The availability of digital fly-by-wire controls makes it feasible to implement an integrated control design to achieve and demonstrate in flight the operational benefits promised by the simulation experience. It remains to validate these systems concepts in flight to establish their value for advanced short takeoff vertical landing (STOVL) aircraft designs. This paper summarizes analytical studies and simulation experiments which provide a basis for the flight research program that will develop and validate critical technologies for advanced STOVL aircraft through the development and evaluation of advanced, integrated control and display concepts, and lays out the plan for the flight program that will be conducted on NASA's V/STOL Research Aircraft (VSRA)

Perceptions of Northwest Vocational Agriculture Instructors Regarding Knowledge of Microcomputers and Value of Proposed Microcomputer Programs in Agriculture

The primary purpose of this study (Church, 1982) was to identify microcomputer topics that might be of value as part of the instructional programs of secondary vocational agriculture in Idaho, Washington, and Oregon. The specific objectives were to: Determine the knowledge possessed by Northwest vocational agriculture instructors regarding microcomputer usage and capability. Determine the need for inservice training in microcomputer usage for Northwest vocational agriculture instructors. Determine which microcomputer systems were most readily available to Northwest vocational agriculture instructors. Analyze the value placed by Northwest vocational agriculture instructors on selected microcomputer topics for use in the curriculum

Perceptions of Northwest Vocational Agriculture Instructors Regarding Knowledge of Microcomputers and Value of Proposed Micrcomputer Programs in Agriculture

The primary purpose of this study (Church, 1982) was to identify microcomputer topics that might be of value as part of the instructional programs of secondary vocational agriculture in Idaho, Washington, and Oregon. The specific objectives were to: Determine the knowledge possessed by Northwest vocational agriculture instructors regarding microcomputer usage and capability. Determine the need for inservice training in microcomputer usage for Northwest vocational agriculture instructors Determine which microcomputer systems were most readily available to Northwest vocational agriculture instructors. Analyze the value placed by Northwest vocational agriculture instructors on selected microcomputer topics for use in the curriculum

Weaving the fabric of science: Dynamic network models of science's unfolding structure

AbstractScience is a complex system. Building on Latour's actor network theory, we model published science as a dynamic hypergraph and explore how this fabric provides a substrate for future scientific discovery. Using millions of abstracts from MEDLINE, we show that the network distance between biomedical things (i.e., people, methods, diseases, chemicals) is surprisingly small. We then show how science moves from questions answered in one year to problems investigated in the next through a weighted random walk model. Our analysis reveals intriguing modal dispositions in the way biomedical science evolves: methods play a bridging role and things of one type connect through things of another. This has the methodological implication that adding more node types to network models of science and other creative domains will likely lead to a superlinear increase in prediction and understanding