Cytotoxicity of Nanoliposomal Cisplatin Coated with Synthesized Methoxypolyethylene Glycol Propionaldehyde in Human Ovarian Cancer Cell Line A2780CP

Purpose: To evaluate the cytotoxicity of pegylated nanoliposomal cisplatin on human ovarian cancer cell line A2780CP.Methods: Synthesized methoxypolyethylene glycol (mPEG) propionaldehyde was characterized by 1Hnuclear magnetic resonance (1H-NMR) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and used as coating agent for the preparation of liposomal nanodrug formulation by reverse phase evaporation method. The characteristics of the nanoparticles were evaluated by dynamic light scattering (DLS) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Encapsulation efficiency was determined spectrometrically at 214.42 nm by inductively coupled plasma spectroscopy (ICP-OES). The cytotoxicity of both pegylated nanoliposomal and free cisplatin were evaluated by 3- [4, 5 dimethyl-2-thiazolyl] -2, 5- diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay and expressed as half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50).Results: The mean diameter and zeta potential of drug-loaded liposomal particles and empty nanoliposomes were 125 ± 2.9 nm and -16.6 mV, 108 ± 2.2 nm and -27.2 mV, respectively, while the cytotoxicity (IC50) of free cisplatin and nanodrug formulation were 93.6 ± 3.1 μg/mL and 67.8 ± 2.3 μg/mL, respectively. In vitro toxicological results indicate that the formulation exhibited approximately 1.4-fold cytotoxicity compared with the free drug. Drug encapsulation efficiency of the nanoliposomes was approximately 98 ± 1 %.Conclusion: The findings show that the cytotoxicity of pegylated nanoliposomal cisplatin is higher than that of free cisplatin in human ovarian cancer cell line A2780CP. In vivo studies are, however, required to ascertain its therapeutic potentials.Keywords: Liposome, Nanodrug, Ovarian cancer, Polyethylene glycol, Cisplatin, Drug delivery, Cytotoxicit

Evaluation Of The Modified Almond Shell And Carboxymethyl cellulose Performance With Graphene Oxide In Removal Of Heavy Metals Ni And Cd From Water

Environmental Protection Agency of America has classified heavy metals such as Cd, Hg, As, Ni, Pb and Cr, as the toxic pollutants of environment. These elements imported into the environmental cycle by the chemical industries and other industries, such as water, agricultural products and human body, and ultimately its harmful effects on human. In this respect, separating and removal of heavy metals is an important task in controlling environmental pollutants. In the recent years the usage of nanoparticles as an adsorbent with high adsorption efficiency has attracted a lot of attention. Nano graphene oxide used in this study is classifying in the category of high capacity adsorbents due to its high specific surface area. In this study in addition to graphene oxide, Almond shell and Carboxymethyl cellulose were also used to improve the removal efficiency of heavy metals. The aim of this research is to synthesize Graphene oxide nanoparticles modified with Almond shell and Carboxymethyl cellulose and also to evaluate its performance in the removal of nickel and cadmium from water. The Nano Graphene oxide was synthesized by the Freeze- drying method and in order for characterization of the synthesized nanoparticles, FT-IR and SEM methods were used. Various parameters such as pH solution, contact time and adsorbent amount were investigated and the optimal values of each of factors were determined. The modeling of the absorption process was carried out using two models of Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms and the results show that the adsorption rate is consistent with the Langmuir isotherm model for nickle and Freundlich isotherm for the adsorption of cadmium. The results showed that the modified nanoparticles have better absorption capacity than unmodified ones, and its effectiveness to remove the element of Cd is more than Ni

Theoretical Study of Substituent Effect on the Electronic and Optical Properties of 4-Substituted Ferrocenylethynylbenzenes

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The role of polyethylene glycol size in chemical spectra, cytotoxicity, and release of PEGylated nanoliposomal cisplatin

This study aimed to synthesize methoxy polyethylene glycol propionaldehyde (mPEG20,000-ALD) for the preparation of PEGylated nanoliposomal cisplatin. Nanocarriers such as liposomes are developed for a wide range of drug delivery systems. PEG with high molecular weight (Mw) is used to coat the liposomes. In this study, simulated Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectra of mPEG-ALD were obtained using density functional theory (DFT) calculations and then compared with actual FTIR spectrum of mPEG20,000-ALD (Mw = 20 kDa). We found that the intensity of C = O stretching vibration at 1,700 cm−1 related to the carbonyl functional group of mPEG20,000-ALD was very weak. The results of DFT calculations of mPEG-ALD showed that by increasing the Mw of mPEG-ALD, the intensity of C = O stretching vibration related to the carbonyl functional group of mPEG-ALD was decreased, so we concluded the hypothesis of decreasing the intensity of C = O stretching vibration at 1,700 cm−1 as a result of increasing the Mw of mPEG-ALD. In vitro release of cisplatin showed that the percentages of released cisplatin from PEGylated nanoliposomal cisplatin and free cisplatin were determined to be 46 ± 2% and 97 ± 3% after 35 h, respectively. Cytotoxicity of free cisplatin and PEGylated nanoliposomal cisplatin was evaluated and related half-maximal inhibitory concentration on human ovarian cancer cell line A2780CP was obtained to be 76.6 ± 3.1 and 46.6 ± 2.3 μg/mL, respectively