Effect of using Imported and Local Premixes on some Blood Parameters of Broiler

    أجريت هذه الدراسة لبيان تأثير استعمال مخاليط علفية مسبقة التحضير (Premix) خلطت مكوناتها محلياً وبتراكيز مختلفة (واطئ وقياسي وعالٍ) بنوعيه الممتاز (يستعمل في عليقتي البادئ والنامي) والعادي ويستعمل في عليقة الناهي كبديل عن المخلوط الأجنبي (بروفيمي، الممتاز والعادي) ومقارنة تأثيراتها في بعض المعايير الدمية لفروج اللحم.     استعمل في البحث 120 فرخاً من افراخ اللحم من سلالة روز 308 بعمر يوم واحد وزعت عشوائياً على اربع معاملات متساوية  احتوت كل معاملة على 30 فرخاً وبواقع مكررين لكل معاملة (15 فرخاً / مكرر). غذيت الافراخ على علائق التجربة اعتماداً المراحل العمرية للأفراخ (عليقة البادئ والنامي والناهي) والتي خلط فيها 2.5 % من أحد البريمكسات قيد التجريب  وكانت كالاتي :     المعاملة الأولى (T1) خلط فيها البريمكس الأجنبي والمستورد علامة بروفيمي أما المعاملات الأخرى T2 و T3 و T4 فقد خلط فيها علائق البريمكس المحلي الصنع والخلط وبثلاثة تراكيز (واطئ وقياسي وعالٍ) على التوالي،اجرى تكوين العلائق وخلط البريمكسات في معامل اعلاف ومختبر غدير بابل في قضاء المحاويل بأستعمال البرنامج الألكتروني الحديث البيست مكس (Best Mix) اصدار 2018، وفقاً لاحتياجات الطيور سلالة روز 308 بأعتماد الدليل الخاص بها أصدار 2014. جمعت عينات دم من الافراخ من جميع المعاملات بعمر 28 و 33 يوماً لغرض تقدير بعض المعايير الدمية. اشارت نتائج البحث الى وجود اختلافات معنوية (p<0.05) بين المعاملات في تراكيز خضاب الدم وعدد الخلايا اللمفية والبروتين الكلي وكلوكوز الدم وبمعنوية عالية (p<0.01) في تركيزي انزيمات الكبد ALP وAST بينما لم تحصل اختلافات في معايير الدم الاخرى مثل مكداس الدم وعدد الخلايا المتغايرة ونسبة الخلايا المتغايرة الى الخلايا اللمفية.     وسجلت افضل النتائج لصالح T4 (البريمكس المحلي ذو التركيز العالي) في معظم معايير الدم المدروسة لكلا السحبتين (يوم 28 و 33 من عمر الأفراخ)  سواءً الخلوية او الكيموحيوية ثم T1 (البريمكس المستورد البروفيمي)، أما ادنى المستويات المتشابهة فقد تميزت بها T2 و T3 اي البريمكس المحلي ذات التركيز الواطئ والقياسي على التوالي.   This study had been conducted to investigate the effect of using premix that been locally mixed by different concentrations (Low , Standard and high) of excellent quality (used in starter and grower rations) and normal which is used in the finisher as alternative for foreign premix (provimi , excellent and normal) with comparison of their effect on some blood parameters of broilers. Total number of 120, one day old broiler chicks , Ross 308 were allotted randomly on 4 equal treatments , each treatment included 30 chicks and each treatment included 2 replicates (15 chick/ replicate). Chicks fed on rations according to ages of chicks (starter, grower and finisher) in which 2.5 % of one premix added in the experiment which were as follow :      Treatment 1 (T1) in which the foreign premix was mixed as an imported one, provimi. Meanwhile, the other treatments T2 , T3 and T4 in which the local premix was mixed by 3 concentrations (low, standard and high) respectively.     Mixing and preparation of rations was done in Al – Ghadder laboratory and factory in Al – Mahweel/ Babylon by depending on Best mix program, 2018 according to birds requirement, Ross 308 by a special manual 2014. Blood samples were collected from birds at 28 and 33 days in all treatments.         Results revealed significant variations (P<0.05) between treatments in hemoglobin , lymphocyte numbers, total protein and blood glucose with a highly significant effect (P<0.01) for liver enzymes which include AST and ALT.      Meanwhile, there were no variation in other blood parameter such as PCV, numbers of Heterophils  and Heterophils / Lymphocyts ratio.      The best results were recoded for T4 (local premix of high concentrations) in most of studied blood parameters for both two blood collections (28 and 33 days of age of chicks). Which were cellular or biochemical then T1 (provimi imported premix). The lowest similar levels were characterized by T2 and T3 which were local premix, low and standard respectively

You measure what you value: how a Middle Eastern Polytechnic developed a sustainable review and improvement framework

Bahrain Polytechnic (BP) was established in 2008 to fill a gap in the Kingdom’s labour market for work ready graduates. Around that time newspaper reports highlighted a lack of quality and consistency in some private universities in Bahrain. Bahrain’s Qualifications and Quality Assurance Authority was in development so, in the absence of national guidelines, BP developed its own Quality Assurance Model to gain stakeholder confidence in the quality of its education. This comprised a Quality Management System with policies and procedures, and a self-review loop. The government was quick to redress quality concerns threatening the reputation of Higher Education in the Kingdom and today there are many external auditing agencies, each with their own paradigms and criteria. However, evidence that accountability audits produce quality improvement where it matters most - in the classroom - is lacking. An essential element in this failure is the dissolution of trust. This case-study tells of BP’s journey towards a more efficient and effective Self-Review model that shifts the focus from accountability and control to improvement and sustainability by taking into account Bahrain’s cultural context and the Polytechnic’s unique curricula and building on existing relationships to engender trust and commitment

INCREASING CORN THROUGHPUT IN DRY GRIND PROCESS FOR ETHANOL PROCESS

In a conventional dry grind process, corn is ground and mixed with water to produce slurry. The slurry is cooked; starch in the slurry is liquefied, simultaneously saccharified and fermented to produce ethanol. Typical solids during slurry preparation range from 30 to 34%. Higher solids result in higher ethanol concentration. High final ethanol concentration improves plant profitability by increasing plant capacity and improving plant efficiency. Corn solids higher than 34% are not used in dry grind corn process due to high mash viscosity (after cooking), increase in sugar concentration during fermentation (substrate yeast inhibition) and high final ethanol concentration (product yeast inhibition). Two new technologies have been developed which can be combined to reduce mash viscosity, maintain low sugar and ethanol concentration during fermentation and improve plant productivity. These technologies are: granular starch hydrolyzing enzymes and vacuum stripping of ethanol. Simultaneous liquefaction, saccharification, fermentation and distillation (SLSFD) can be conducted in one step with these two technologies and corn slurry solids higher than 34% can be used. In this study combination of granular starch hydrolyzing enzyme and vacuum stripping were evaluated for ethanol production with 40% slurry solids. Results were compared with conventional process using 40% slurry solids. The SLSFD process fermented slurry with negligible residual glucose content. In the conventional process residual sugar in beer started increasing at 20 hr and final residual sugar concentration of 5% (w/v) was observed. Amount of ethanol production and ethanol productivity of the SLSFD process was 20 to 40% higher compared to the conventional process

Comparative study of Gamow-Teller strength distributions in the odd-odd nucleus 50V and its impact on electron capture rates in astrophysical environments

Gamow-Teller (GT) strength transitions are an ideal probe for testing nuclear structure models. In addition to nuclear structure, GT transitions in nuclei directly affect the early phases of Type Ia and Type-II supernovae core collapse since the electron capture rates are partly determined by these GT transitions. In astrophysics, GT transitions provide an important input for model calculations and element formation during the explosive phase of a massive star at the end of its life-time. Recent nucleosynthesis calculations show that odd-odd and odd-A nuclei cause the largest contribution in the rate of change of lepton-to-baryon ratio. In the present manuscript, we have calculated the GT strength distributions and electron capture rates for odd-odd nucleus 50V by using the pn-QRPA theory. At present 50V is the first experimentally available odd-odd nucleus in fp-shell nuclei. We also compare our GT strength distribution with the recently measured results of a 50V(d,2He)50Ti experiment, with the earlier work of Fuller, Fowler, and Newman (referred to as FFN) and subsequently with the large-scale shell model calculations. One curious finding of the paper is that the Brink's hypothesis, usually employed in large-scale shell model calculations, is not a good approximation to use at least in the case of 50V. SNe Ia model calculations performed using FFN rates result in overproduction of 50Ti, and were brought to a much acceptable value by employing shell model results. It might be interesting to study how the composition of the ejecta using presently reported QRPA rates compare with the observed abundances.Comment: 16 pages, 5 figure

rp-Process weak-interaction mediated rates of waiting-point nuclei

Electron capture and positron decay rates are calculated for neutron-deficient Kr and Sr waiting point nuclei in stellar matter. The calculation is performed within the framework of pn-QRPA model for rp-process conditions. Fine tuning of particle-particle, particle-hole interaction parameters and a proper choice of the deformation parameter resulted in an accurate reproduction of the measured half-lives. The same model parameters were used to calculate stellar rates. Inclusion of measured Gamow-Teller strength distributions finally led to a reliable calculation of weak rates that reproduced the measured half-lives well under limiting conditions. For the rp-process conditions, electron capture and positron decay rates on $^{72}$Kr and $^{76}$Sr are of comparable magnitude whereas electron capture rates on $^{78}$Sr and $^{74}$Kr are 1--2 orders of magnitude bigger than the corresponding positron decay rates. The pn-QRPA calculated electron capture rates on $^{74}$Kr are bigger than previously calculated. The present calculation strongly suggests that, under rp-process conditions, electron capture rates form an integral part of weak-interaction mediated rates and should not be neglected in nuclear reaction network calculations as done previously.Comment: 13 pages, 4 figures, 4 tables; Astrophysics and Space Science (2012

Beam Pattern Optimization Via Unequal Ascending Clusters, Journal of Telecommunications and Information Technology, 2023, nr 1

In this paper, two different architectures based on completely and sectionally clustered arrays are proposed to improve the array patterns. In the wholly clustered arrays, all elements of the ordinary array are divided into multiple unequal ascending clusters. In the sectionally clustered arrays, two types of architectures are proposed by dividing a part of the array into clusters based on the position of specific elements. In the first architecture of sectionally clustered arrays, only those elements that are located on the sides of the array are grouped into unequal ascending clusters, and other elements located in the center are left as individual and unoptimized items (i.e. uniform excitation). In the second architecture, only some of the elements close the center are grouped into unequal ascending clusters, and the side elements were left individually and without optimization. The research proves that the sectionally clustered architecture has many advantages compared to the completely clustered structure, in terms of the complexity of the solution. Simulation results show that PSLL in the side clustered array can be reduced to more than −28 dB for an array of 40 elements. The PSLL was −17 dB in the case of a centrally clustered array, whereas the complexity percentage in the wholly clustered array method was 12 .5 %, while the same parameter for the partially clustered array method equaled 10%

Proceedings of the Salford Postgraduate Annual Research Conference (SPARC) 2011

These proceedings bring together a selection of papers from the 2011 Salford Postgraduate Annual Research Conference(SPARC). It includes papers from PhD students in the arts and social sciences, business, computing, science and engineering, education, environment, built environment and health sciences. Contributions from Salford researchers are published here alongside papers from students at the Universities of Anglia Ruskin, Birmingham City, Chester,De Montfort, Exeter, Leeds, Liverpool, Liverpool John Moores and Manchester