Penerapan Metode Bermain Peran Untuk Meningkatkan Hasil Beljar IPS Pada Pokok Bahasan Kegiatan Jual Beli Di Kelas III SDN Simdo

Masalah utama dan mendasar pada penelitian ini adalah rendahnya hasil belajar siswa pada pelajaran IPS kelas III SD Negeri Simdo khususnya pada materi kegiatan jual beli. Rendahnya hasil belajar disebabkan karena sebagian besar siswa terlihat pasif, beberapa siswa cenderung lebih bersifat acuh atau bermain, berbicara dengan siswa lain dalam mengikuti mata pelajaran IPS yang terkesan berisi materi yang cukup banyak. Tujuan Penelitian ini adalah untuk mendeskripsikan metode bermain peran dalam meningkatkan hasil belajar IPS pada pokok bahasan kegiatan jual beli di kelas III SD Negeri Simdo. Metode pembelajaran IPS yang umumnya digunakan oleh guru kelas selama ini adalah metode konvensional yang mengandalkan ceramah dan alat bantu utamanya adalah papan tulis Sehingga metode konvensional yang digunakan pada saat mengajar cenderung pada keaktifan guru, sedangkan siswa cenderung tidak aktif. Oleh karena itu, peneliti melakukan penelitian tindakan kelas yang rancangan penelitiannya mengacu pada model Kemmis dan Mc. Taggart yang dilakukan dalam dua siklus. Informan penelitian sebanyak empat orang dengan kualifikasi semua siswa yang berkemampuan rendah. Jenis data yang diperoleh adalah aktivitas guru dan siswa di kelas dan hasil belajar siswa. Data aktivitas guru dan siswa dalam kegiatan pembelajaran diperoleh dengan lembar observasi dan data hasil belajar diperoleh dengan tes individu. Data-data tersebut dianalisis dengan teknik prosentase. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa aktivitas guru dan siswa mengalami peningkatan yang cukup berarti dari siklus I ke siklus II dan untuk analisis tes akhir tindakan dari siklus I ke siklus II terjadi juga peningkatan belajar klasikal sebesar 38% yaitu dari 54% pada siklus I menjadi 92% pada siklus II. Berdasarkan hasil tersebut dapat disimpulkan bahwa dengan menerapkan metode bermain peran dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa pada pelajaran IPS di kelas III SD Negeri Simdo khususnya pada materi kegiatan jual beli

Effect of Piper betle and Brucea javanica on the Differential Expression of Hyphal Wall Protein (HWP1) in Non-Candida albicans Candida (NCAC) Species

The study aimed to identify the HWP1 gene in non-Candida albicans Candida species and the differential expression of HWP1 following treatment with Piper betle and Brucea javanica aqueous extracts. All candidal suspensions were standardized to 1 x 10(6) cells/mL. The suspension was incubated overnight at 37 degrees C (C. parapsilosis, 35 degrees C). Candidal cells were treated with each respective extract at 1, 3, and 6 mg/mL for 24 h. The total RNA was extracted and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction was carried out with a specific primer of HWP1. HWP1 mRNAs were only detected in C. albicans, C. parapsilosis, and C. tropicalis. Exposing the cells to the aqueous extracts has affected the expression of HWP1 transcripts. C. albicans, C. parapsilosis, and C. tropicalis have demonstrated different intensity of mRNA. Compared to P. betle, B. javanica demonstrated a higher suppression on the transcript levels of HWP1 in all samples. HWP1 was not detected in C. albicans following the treatment of B. javanica at 1 mg/mL. In contrast, C. parapsilosis and C. tropicalis were shown to have HWP1 regulation. However, the expression levels were reduced upon the addition of higher concentration of B. javanica extract. P. betle and B. javanica have potential to be developed as oral health product.Article Link : http://www.hindawi.com/journals/ecam/2013/397268

Identification and Antibiotic Resistance of Streptococcus agalactiae from Red Hybrid Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) in Local Wet Markets

The existence of ethiology disease like Streptococcus agalactiae could be major problems in aquaculture field. In this study, investigations of red tilapia sold around local wet market were recorded. To detect the S. agalactiae in wet markets from disease potential and measure the antibiotic susceptibility test. Selected organs such as eyes, gills, heart and intestine were inoculated onto blood agar and incubated at 37°C for 24 h. Morphology of S. agalactiae were Gram-positive, translucent pin point colony, and has oxidase and catalase negative. Eight isolates of S. agalactiae were confirmed using PCR. The isolates samples were susceptible to imipenem (10 µg), gentamicin (10 µg), ciprofloxacin (5 µg) and nalidixic acid (30 µg). In contrast, they were resistance to ampicillin (10 µg), amoxicillin-clavulanic (20/10 µg), erythromycin (5 µg), neomycin (30 µg), norflaxacin (10 µg), streptomycin (10 µg) and trimethoprim-sulphamethoxazole (1.25/23.5 µg). Furthermore, the occurrence of resistant isolates is a matter of public health concern

Demographic Parameters And Behaviours Of Sulawesi Warty Pig (Sus Celebensis Muller And Schlegel 1843) In Tanjung Peropa Wildlife Reserve, Southeast Sulawesi

Studi ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kepadatan populasi, ukuran populasi, struktur umur, jumlah anak per kelahiran (litter size) dan perilaku babi hutan sulawesi (warty pig) di Suaka Margasatwa Tanjung Peropa di Sulawesi Tenggara. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kepadatan populasi babi hutan sulawesi di suaka margasatwa mencapai 43 individu per km2 berarti jumlah populasi total diperkirakan sebanyak 13.594 individu (dalam area berhutan seluas 389,37 km2). Di bagian selatan suaka margasatwa dimana studi ini dilaksanakan secara invensif, didapatkan jumlah individu menurut struktur umur berturut-turut untuk bayi, muda, dewasa dan tua adalah 34, 29, 23 dan 2 individu. Seks rasio 1 : 1,44 untuk populasi total dan 1:1,25 untuk populasi reproduktif, dan litter size adalah 1-3 bayi. Kategori perilaku yang diamati terdiri dari mencari makan, berkubang dan istirahat. Sedangkan perilaku sosial babi hutan sulawesi yang ditemukan terdiri dari perilaku makan, berkubang, aktivitas seksual dan penghindaran predator

Predictive model of 2-cyclohexylthiophene for corrosion inhibition in mild steel using computational method

Corrosion inhibition activity of 2-cyclohexylthiophene (2CHT) for mild steel in acidic media was predicted using QSAR tool. The model used two descriptors namely; Moran autocorrelation of lag4 weighted by mass (MATS4M) which explained the linearity and branching of the compounds and largest eigen values n3 of burden matrix weighted by mass (SPMAX3-Bh(m)) describes the nature and size of the neighboring atom. The modeling results revealed the potential of the compounds as a good corrosion inhibitor with percentage inhibition efficiency (%IE) of 76.5%. Quantum chemical calculation using DFT with 6-311G++(d,p) basis was used to evaluate the performance of the predicted compound as corrosion inhibitor by quantum chemical parameters such as EHUMO, ELUMO, Energy gap (Egap), hardness (?), softness (S), dipole moment (µ), electronegativity (X), electron affinity (A), ionization energy (I) and total energy (TE). The results obtained from quantum chemical parameters were found to be consistent with predicted result

Applications of artificial intelligence in ship berthing: A review

Ship berthing operations in restricted waters such as ports requires the accurate use of onboard-vessel equipment such as rudder, thrusters, and main propulsions. For big ships, the assistance of exterior supports such as tugboats are necessary, however with the advancement of technology, we may hypothesize that the use of artificial intelligence to support ship berthing safely at ports without the dependency on the tugboats may be a reality. In this paper we comprehensively assessed and analyzed several literatures regarding this topic. Through this review, we seek out to present a better understanding of the use of artificial intelligence in ship berthing especially neural networks and collision avoidance algorithms. We discovered that the use of global and local path planning combined with Artificial Neural Network (ANN) may help to achieve collision avoidance while completing ship berthing operations

Applications of artificial intelligence in ship berthing: A review

855-863Ship berthing operations in restricted waters such as ports requires the accurate use of onboard-vessel equipment such as rudder, thrusters, and main propulsions. For big ships, the assistance of exterior supports such as tugboats are necessary, however with the advancement of technology, we may hypothesize that the use of artificial intelligence to support ship berthing safely at ports without the dependency on the tugboats may be a reality. In this paper we comprehensively assessed and analyzed several literatures regarding this topic. Through this review, we seek out to present a better understanding of the use of artificial intelligence in ship berthing especially neural networks and collision avoidance algorithms. We discovered that the use of global and local path planning combined with Artificial Neural Network (ANN) may help to achieve collision avoidance while completing ship berthing operations

Simulation of hybrid electric vehicle based on a series drive train layout

This paper provided a validated modeling and a simulation of a 6 degree freedom vehicle longitudinal model and drive-train component in a series hybrid electric vehicle. The 6-DOF vehicle dynamics model consisted of tire subsystems, permanent magnet synchronous motor which acted as the prime mover coupled with an automatic transmission, hydraulic brake subsystem, battery subsystem, alternator subsystem and internal combustion engine to supply the rotational input to the alternator. A speed and torque tracking control systems of the electric power train were developed to make sure that the power train was able to produce the desired throttle torque in accelerating the vehicle. A human-in-the-loop-simulation was utilized as a mechanism to evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed hybrid electric vehicle. The proposed simulation was used as the preliminary result in identifying the capability of the vehicle in terms of the maximum speed produced by the vehicle and the capability of the alternator to recharge the battery. Several tests had been done during the simulation, namely sudden acceleration, acceleration and braking test and unbounded motion. The results of the simulation showed that the proposed hybrid electric vehicle can produce a speed of up to 70 km/h with a reasonable charging rate to the battery. The findings from this study can be considered in terms of design, optimization and implementation in a real vehicle

SUPPRESSION OF CUTTING FORCES USING COMBINED INVERSE MODEL BASED DISTURBANCE OBSERVER AND DISTURBANCE FORCE OBSERVER

This paper focuses on damping strategies that addressed the effect that high frequency harmonics content of cutting force have on positioning accuracy of the x-axis of an XY positioning table via controller and observer design approaches. Cutting force generated from direct contact between the workpiece and cutting tool becomes input disturbance to the drive system of the positioning table. The force high frequency components if left undamped would generate vibration to the system thus affecting the system positioning accuracy, surface finish quality as well as tool life. For this purpose, a cascade P/PI position controller, an Inverse Model Based Disturbance Observer (IMBDO) and a Disturbance Force Observer (DFO) were designed and numerically analysed. The cascade P/PI controller was designed using traditional loop shaping frequency domain method. IMBDO estimates the input disturbance and any unmodelled system dynamics while DFO performs direct estimation of the cutting force using knowledge of harmonic frequencies corresponding to the input cutting force. A combined cascade P/PI controller with IMBDO and DFO reduced additional 3.83% and  1.90% tracking errors compared to separate application of IMBDO and DFO. This novel control approach produced between 34-80% greater reductions in peak amplitudes of the harmonics content of the cutting forces compared to cascade P/PI