A model for innovation in higher education

An extensive research and awareness about the role of innovation at education exist, but insight is missing regarding an individual frame of innovation of how to empower an individual towards life-long innovation activities. There is no adequate model that provides a holistic approach to innovation in academic institutions.This paper explores multiple innovation issues culminating in the development of a model for innovation from an individual perspective.This paper argues that awareness and the dynamics of individual innovation is missing in academic environments. Academics’ engagements in innovation endeavours are scarce; there are visible symptoms of deeply embedded social, institutional, cultural and individual factors of innovation. This requires a holistic approach in innovation research.Awareness of an individual’s potential and his/her innovation development cycles, external and internal dynamics can contribute to multiple innovation sustainability. These are pillars of the ORED model (observation, revelation, exploration, design) and ever expanding cycles for innovation

Helical edge states in silicene and germanene nanorings in perpendicular magnetic field

Due to nonzero intrinsic spin-orbit interaction in buckled honeycomb crystal structures, silicene and germanene exhibit interesting topological properties, and are therefore candidates for the realization of the quantum spin Hall effect. We employ the Kane-Mele model to investigate the electron states in hexagonal silicene and germanene nanorings having either zigzag or armchair edges in the presence of a perpendicular magnetic field. We present results for the energy spectra as function of magnetic field, the electron density of the spin-up and spin-down states in the ring plane, and the calculation of the probability current density. The quantum spin Hall phase is found at the edges between the nontrivial topological phase in silicene and germanene and vacuum. We demonstrate that the helical edge states in zigzag silicene and germanene nanorings can be qualitatively well understood by means of classical magnetic moments. However, this is not the case for comparable-sized armchair nanorings, where the eigenfunctions spread throughout the ring. Finally, we note that the energy spectra of silicene and germanene nanorings are similar and that the differences between the two are mainly related to the difference in magnitude of the spin-orbit coupling.Comment: 17 pages, 10 figure

Effects of Community Exercise Therapy on Metabolic, Brain, Physical, and Cognitive Function Following Stroke : A Randomized Controlled Pilot Trial

© The Author(s) 2014.Peer reviewedPostprintPostprin

Iron concentrations in atherosclerotic plaque and serum in patients with carotid atherosclerosis

The aim of this study was to investigate the iron concentrations in serum and carotid plaque in patients with different morphology of carotid atherosclerotic plaque and compared with other metal ions. Carotid endarterectomy due to the significant atherosclerotic stenosis was performed in 91 patients. Control group consisted of 27 patients, without carotid atherosclerosis. Atherosclerotic plaques were divided into four morphological groups, according to ultrasonic and intraoperative characteristics. Iron, copper and zinc concentration in plaque, carotid artery and serum were measured by spectrophotometry. Serum iron concentrations were higher in patients with hemorrhagic plaques in comparison to the control group (4.7 μmol/l ± 1.2 vs. 2.1 μmol/l ± 0.8, p < 0.05). Iron concentrations were higher in patients with hemorrhagic plaques in comparison to fibrolipid plaques (72.1 ± 14.3 μg/g vs. 39.3 ± 22.9 μg/g; p < 0.05). Negative significant correlation was found for zinc in serum and plaque iron concentration in patients (p < 0.05). We also demonstrated positive significant correlation for copper and iron in serum (p < 0.05). The data obtained in the current study are consistent with the hypothesis that high iron levels may contribute to atherosclerosis and its complications as factors in a multifactorial disease

Measurement And Modeling Of Short Copper Cables For Ultra-wideband Communication

High-speed communication using the copper network, originally installed for telephony, is one of the dominant Internet access techniques. Several variants of a technology referred to as digital subscriber line (DSL) have been developed, standardized and installed during the last two decades. Essentially, DSL achieves high rates by exploiting wide bands of the copper cable channel. The shorter the cable, the wider the band that can be used efficiently for communication. Current DSL standards foresee the use of bands up to 30MHz. Cable properties have been studied by means of measurements, characterization and modeling up to frequencies of 30MHz. Recent investigations have shown that it is feasible both from technical and from economical point of view to exploit very short cables (up to 200m) even further and use bands above 30MHz. A prerequisite for further evaluation and the design of such ultra-wideband copper (UWBC) systems is the extension of existing cable models to higher frequencies. This paper presents wideband measurement results of insertion loss and crosstalk coupling in a 10-pair cable of various length values for frequencies up to 200MHz. We compare the results with extrapolations of cable models that are established in the 30MHz-range.6390Chen, W.Y., (1998) DSL: Simulation Techniques and Standards Development for Digital Subscriber Line Systems, , Macmillan Technical Publishing, ISBN 1-57870-017-5G.selt: Updated issues list for G.selt (2004) ITU-T Temporary Document SS U09, , ITU-TAsymmetric digital subscriber line (ADSL) transceivers (1999) ITU Recommendation G.992.1, , ITU-T, JuneAsymmetric digital subscriber line (ADSL) transceivers (1999) ITU Recommendation G.992.2, , ITU-T, JuneAsymmetric digital subscriber line (ADSL) extended bandwidth (ADSL2+) (2005) ITU Recommendation G.992.5, , ITU-TStarr, T., Cioffi, J.M., Silverman, P., (1998) Understanding Digital Subscriber Line Technology, , Prentice Hall, Englewood CliffsDedieu, H., The copper channel - Loop charactersitics and models (2005) Fundamentals of DSL Technology, , ch. ISBN 0849319137, AUERBACHVan Der Brink, R.F.M., (1998) Cable Reference Models for Simulating Metallic Access Networks, , Permanent Document TM6(97), ETSI STC TM6, Luleå, Sweden, JunePaul, C.R., (1994) Analysis of Multiconductor Transmission Lines, , Wiley, ISBN 0-471-02080-XCook, J.W., (1996) Parametric Modelling of Twisted Pair Cables for VDSL, , Temporary Document TD22, ETSI STC TM6, Vienna, Austria, MarVan Der Brink, R.F.M., (1997) Measurements and Models on Dutch Cables, , Temporary Document TD15, ETSI STC TM6, Tel Aviv, Israel, MarPollakowski, M., (1996) DTAG Cables Transmission Characteristics, , Temporary Document TD40, ETSI STC TM6, Vienna, Austria, MarPythoud, F., (1998) Model of Swiss Access Network Cables, , Temporary Document TD48, ETSI STC TM6, Madrid, Spain, JanHeylen, L., Musson, J., (1999) Cable Models Predict Physically Impossible Behavior in Time Domain, , Temporary Document TD08, ETSI STC TM6, Amsterdam, Netherlands, NovMusson, J., (1998) Maximum Likelihood Estimation of the Primary Parameters of Twisted Pair Cables, , Temporary Document TD06, ETSI STC TM6, Madrid, Spain, SeptBoets, P., Zekri, M., Van Biesen, L., Bostoen, T., Pollet, T., On the identification of cables for metallic access networks (2001) 18th IEEE Instrumentation and Measurement Technology Conference IMTC2001, 2, pp. 1348-1353. , Budapest, Hungary, MayBostoen, T., Boets, P., Zekri, M., Van Biesen, L., Pollet, T., Rabijns, D., Estimation of the transfer function of the access network by means of one-port scattering parameter measurements at the central office (2002) IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communication, 20, pp. 936-948. , JuneVery-high-bit-rate Digital Subscriber Line (VDSL) metallic interface part 1: Functional requirement and common specification (2001) T1E1.4/2000-009R3, , ANSI T1E1.4, FebVan Der Brink, R.F.M., (2001) Laboratory Performance Tests for XDSL Systems, , Permanent Document TM6(98)10, ETSI STC TM6, Sophia Antipolis, France, FebValenti, C., NEXT and FEXT models for twisted-pair North American loop plant (2002) IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communication, 20, pp. 893-900. , JuneNedev, N.H., McLaughlin, S., Cook, J.W., Wideband UTP cable measurements and modelling for MIMO systems (2004) Proc. European Signal Processing Conf. EUSIPCO 2004, , (Vienna, Austria), SeptMagesacher, T., Henkel, W., Tauböck, G., Nordström, T., Cable measurements supporting xDSL technologies (2002) Journal E&i Elektrotechnik und Informationstechnik, 199, pp. 37-43. , FebMagesacher, T., Ödling, P., Börjesson, P.O., Henkel, W., Nordström, T., Zukunft, R., Haar, S., On the capacity of the copper cable channel using the common mode (2002) Proc. IEEE Global Telecommun. Conf. GLOBECOM 2002, , (Taipei, Taiwan), NovTomita, N., Ohmura, M., Low-frequency crosstalk loss characteristics of balanced cables (1989) Electron. Commun. Japan, Part 1, 72 (3), pp. 95-105Goedbloed, J.J., Aspects of EMC at the equipment level (1997) Proc. 12th Intl. Symp. Electromagn. Compat., pp. 23-38. , (Zurich, Switzerland), FebWerner, J.J., The HDSL environment (1991) IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communication, 9, pp. 785-800. , AugConte, R.A., A crosstalk model for balanced digital transmission in multipair cables (1986) AT&T Tech. J., 65, pp. 41-59. , May-JunSchutt-Aine, J.E., High-frequency characterization of twisted-pair cables (2001) IEEE Trans. on Commun., 49, pp. 598-601. , AprGresh, P.A., Physical and transmission characteristics of customer loop plant (1969) The Bell System Technical Journal, 48, pp. 3337-3385. , DecManhire, L.M., Physical and transmission characteristics of customer loop plant (1978) The Bell System Technical Journal, 57, pp. 35-39. , JanPierce, S.B., Crosstalk in twisted pair circuits (1986) Proc. Intl. Wire and Cable Symp., pp. 349-354Fung, A., Lee, L.S., Falconer, D.D., A facility for near end crosstalk measurements on ISDN subscriber loops (1989) Proc. IEEE Global Telecommun. Conf, , paper 54.