169 research outputs found
Establishing an Internet Based Paediatric Cancer Registration and Communication System for the Hungarian Paediatric Oncology Network
Cancer registration has developed in Europe over the last 50 years, and in the last decade intensive joint activities between the European Cancer Registries, in response to the need of pan-European harmonization of registration practices, have taken place. The Hungarian Paediatric Cancer Registry has been functioning as the database of the Hungarian Paediatric Oncology Network since 1971, aiming to follow the incidence and the treatment efficacy of malignant diseases.The goals of this globally unique open source information system are the following: 1) to raise the quality of the registration system to the European level by developing an Internet-based registration and communication system, modernizing the database, establishing automatic statistical analyses and adding an Internet website, 2) to support clinical epidemiological studies that we conduct with international collaborators on detailed analyses of the characteristics of patients and their diseases, evaluation of new diagnostic and therapeutic methods, prevention programs, and long-term quality of life and side effects.The benefits of the development of the Internet-based registration and communication system are as follows: a) introduction of an Internet-based case reporting system, b) modernization of the registry database according to international recommendations, c) automatic statistical summaries, encrypted mail systems, document repository, d) application of data security and privacy standards, e) establishment of a website and compilation of educational materials.The overall objective of this scientific project is to contribute towards the improvement of cancer prevention and cancer care for the benefit of the public in general and of cancer patients in particular
Az Országos Gyermektumor Regiszter jelentősége a gyermekonkológiai ellátásban.
National Childhood Cancer Registry has been operated since 1971 by the Hungarian Paediatric Oncology Network. This Registry collects data on epidemiology, treatment modalities and effectiveness, as well as late follow-up of childhood cancers. An internet-based paediatric cancer registration and communication system for the Hungarian Paediatric Oncology Network has been introduced in April, 2010. The National Childhood Cancer Registry contains data of all paediatric cancer patients (0-18 yrs) who have insurance covered by the Hungarian Social Security Card. Creation (1971) and operation of the National Childhood Cancer Registry have been very important steps in the field of childhood oncology to evaluate the efficiency of paediatric oncology treatments as well as maximize return on medical investment. Orv. Hetil., 2014, 155(19), 732-739
Improper Supplementation Habits of Folic Acid Intake by Hungarian Pregnant Women: Improper Recommendations
Background: Neural tube defects (NTDs) are some of the most common congenital anomalies. Proper folic acid supplementation is a dominant risk factor, which has been shown to decrease the incidence of NTDs. In Canada, the incidence of neuroblastoma has presented a considerable decrease of 60% as a result of enrichment cereal grain flours with synthetic folic acid. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of folic acid intake by pregnant women on the incidence of NTDs and neuroblastoma. Methods: Regular folic acid intake has been recommended to pregnant women in Hungary since the eighties of the last century by health visitors eventually raking effect as an official protocol which had been released in 1997. During 2001, 2002 and 2003. folic acid intake habits of pregnant women were evaluated by health visitors, proving to be successful in collecting data front 95.06% of the pregnant women. The incidence of NTDs has been registered by the Hungarian National Centre of Epidemiology, Department of Human Genetics and Teratology. The Pediatric Cancer Registry provided the incidence of neuroblastoma in children. Results: Consistent findings revealed a regular intake of supplementary folic acid products by 68.71% of the pregnant women. Out of these. 93.13% of pregnant women who were taking folic acid, started the supplementation after their 7 weeks of pregnancies, a time designated as the completion period of the development of the neural tube. The dose of folic acid supplementation was evaluated as less than 5 mg/day in 84.75% of the pregnant women. In Hungary, the incidence of NTDs has remained constant, while the incidence of neuroblastoma has shown constant slight increase in spite of the introduction of folic acid supplementation in 1997. Conclusions: Based on our experience, folic acid supplementation was initiated after the recognition of pregnancy and its application in a dose of lower than 5 mg/day neither decreased the incidence of NTDs nor did it have an effect on the neuroblastoma incidence. It is implicated that proper folic acid supplementation, which is started front the conception. can be achieved only with the enrichment of cereal grain flours
The Effect of Different Accelerators on the Corrosion Protection of a Surface Coating on Spheroidal Graphite Cast Iron (Ductile Iron)
This study investigates the structure and composition of the zinc phosphate coating formed on the surface of nodular cast iron as well as the corrosion resistance of the electrophoretic paint applied to the conversion layers when nitrite-based and nitroguanidine accelerators are used. In the case of different accelerators, the structure of the zinc phosphate layer that forms when exposed to low, normal and high dosages was examined. This type of casting, in addition to steel casting, is commonly used in the production of agricultural vehicles due to its favorable mechanical properties. Although the majority of studies have summarized its application in the automotive industry by focusing on the phosphating of steel, galvanized steel and aluminum-based alloys, on complex vehicle assembly lines, cast iron is also used in phosphating processes that occur simultaneously. During our investigation into the use of different accelerators, a different crystal structure formed on the surface of the cast iron but did not affect the corrosion resistance of the electrophoretic painted samples
Expression of claudin-1, -3, -4, -5 and -7 proteins in low grade colorectal carcinoma of canines
The aim of the present study was to characterise the expression pattern of claudin-1, -3, -4, -5 and -7 tight junction proteins in canine normal colorectum and in the low-grade, tubulopapillary colorectal carcinoma in canines. Methods and results: The biopsy samples included 10 canine normal colorectal tissues and 20 canine low grade colorectal carcinomas (CLGCCs). The canine normal colorectal mucosa was negative for claudin-1. Claudin-1 was detected as a non-diffuse intense membrane labelling of neoplastic epithelial cells in low grade colorectal cancer in canines. Fifty five per cent of all tumours showed a weak cytoplasmic pattern of staining for claudin-1 protein. The normal colorectal mucosa showed diffuse punctate positivity for claudin-3. Claudin-3 was detected as an intense lateral membrane labelling of tumour cells in CLGCCs. Claudin-4 expression in surface and crypt epithelial cells of the intact colorectal mucosa in canines was punctate. Claudin-4 molecule was detected as a lateral membrane labelling of neoplastic cells in CLGCCs. The epithelium of the CLGCCs and the low grade colorectal carcinoma were negative for claudin-5. The surface and crypt epithlial cells of the canine normal colorectal mucosa showed a diffuse lateral membranous pattern of staining for claudin-7. Claudin-7 molecule was detected as an intense membrane labelling of neoplastic cells in CLGCCs. Seventy per cent of all tumours showed weak cytoplasmic positivity for claudin-7. Conclusion: Consequently, we hypothesize that claudin-1 plays a role in the progression of CLGCCs. Further functional studies are needed to clarify the biological role of the mislocalization of the claudin-1 molecule from cell membrane to the cytoplasm in CLGCCs. Lower claudin-4 expression suggests that reduced expression of claudin-4 molecule may lead to cellular disorientation, detachment and invasion of CLGCCs. Further functional studies are needed to clarify the biological role of overexpression and mislocalisation of claudin-7 in CLGCCs
Examining the Vitamin D Status of Children With Solid Tumors.
Objective: Our aims were to compare the vitamin D status of children with and without cancer and to examine the possible correlation between vitamin D levels in children with cancer before initiating treatment and prognosis. Method: We compared the data of 173 children with cancer with those of 569 children without cancer. Results: We measured a significant difference (p = 1.34E-08) between the vitamin D levels of children with cancer before treatment and children without cancer. There was a significant correlation between the initial vitamin D levels of children with cancer and the prognosis (p = 0.016, odds ratio = 51.33) at 5% significance. Conclusions: The average vitamin D level was 19.76% lower in the population with cancer compared with the average of the control group, and we found a correlation between the lower vitamin D levels in children with cancer and the adverse prognosis. We suggest that supplying vitamin D is reasonable and a prospective study of vitamin D in pediatric patients with cancer is recommended
Manufacturing of Large Size and Polished Ceramic Pistons by Cold Isostatic Pressing
This paper discusses the challenges involved in producing high-quality alumina ceramics, particularly when it comes to achieving a proper surface roughness and accuracy. Alumina ceramics are widely used in various applications due to their exceptional properties, including high strength, wear resistance, and chemical stability. The alumina pistons with the desired properties and performance were produced from commercially available raw materials. To improve the densification and mechanical properties of the sintered ceramics organic binder were used. The use of diamond abrasive slurry polishing was studied also, which has been shown to be particularly effective in achieving a high degree of surface finish. The study aims to produce alumina-based pistons with low surface roughness, and the paper discusses the techniques and methods used to achieve this goal. The results of the study include the porosity, mechanical properties, and microstructure of the alumina ceramics produced, as well as the effectiveness of the techniques and methods used
Functionally Graded Al2O3–CTZ Ceramics Fabricated by Spark Plasma Sintering
We studied the fabrication of functionally graded Al2O3–CeO2-stabilized-ZrO2 (CTZ) ceramics by spark plasma sintering. The ceramic composite exhibits a gradual change in terms of composition and porosity in the axial direction. The composition gradient was created by layering
starting powders with different Al2O3 to CTZ ratios, whereas the porosity gradient was established with a large temperature difference, which was induced by an asymmetric graphite tool configuration during sintering. SEM investigations confirmed the development of a porosity gradient from the top toward the bottom side of the Al2O3–CTZ ceramic and the relative pore volume distributed in a wide range from 0.02 to 100 μm for the samples sintered in asymmetric configuration (ASY), while for the
reference samples (STD), the size of pores was limited in the nanometer scale. The microhardness test exhibited a gradual change along the axis of the ASY samples, reaching 10 GPa difference between the two opposite sides of the Al2O3–CTZ ceramics without any sign of delamination or cracks between the layers. The flexural strength of the samples for both series showed an increasing tendency with
higher sintering temperatures. However, the ASY samples achieved higher strength due to their lower total porosity and the newly formed elongated CeAl11O18 particles
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