Chronic cervicitis: role of adult autologus stem cells

Background: Stem cells are biological cells found in all multi-cellular organisms and capable to differentiate into diverse specialized cell types and self-renew to produce more stem cells. Stem cells act as immuno-modulatory, angiogenetic, cell repairing and cell protecting agents. They also have strong anti-inflammatory effect due to paracrine action of trophic factors release. Chronic cervicitis is very common disease of adult women worldwide, chronic infection and inflammation of the cervix is hard to cure with high recurrence rate leading to long term consequences like pelvic inflammatory disease, infertility, ectopic pregnancy, chronic pelvic pain, increased predisposition to HPV and HIV infection and even can be a precursor of cervical cancer.Methods: To show the therapeutic and symptomatic benefits of these cells in chronic cervicitis we injected 10 patients with adult autologus stem cells (AASCs) locally in the cervix, and PRP, growth factors IV. All the cells were harvested from bone marrow after bone marrow aspiration.Results: Clinical benefits were evident on follow up visits in the entire treated patient. All the patient had shown improvement in symptoms like continuous malodourous discharge, dyspariunea, pelvic pain and pressure, backache, itching and burning, post coital bleeding.Conclusions: Present study have shown that AASCs and growth factors is a safe effective ethical and viable option not only to cure the disease but also in improving the quality of life of a woman and protecting her from its significant consequences

Can We Keep Meatpacking Companies Accountable for Hiring Undocumented Immigrants?

Sapna Jain explores the meatpacking industry\u27s dependence on undocumented workers and the problem of accountability and business ethics that stems from industry practices. After analyzing a shift in demographics and an increase in non-unionized workers, Jain suggests various options to curb the meatpacking industry\u27s reliance on undocumented workers such as raising wages or lobbying for a path to legal status. These options are contrasted with the current model of paying fines for employed undocumented immigrants. By comparing the meatpacking industry to the pharmaceutical industry, Jain provides illustrations where fines are simply assumed as a cost of doing business. The conclusion suggests consumers become more active and push the meatpacking industry to reform its methods

Pregabalin Addiction: Case Report of a Young Adult

Pregabalin has been used widely for the treatment of neuropathic pain, generalized anxiety disorders and epilepsy. Data is scarce and much is not known about the addictive potential of pregabalin. Herein, we report details of a young adult who got addicted to pregabalin and approached for a smooth withdrawal. The subject had a successful outcome. Literature suggests a growing concern for the abuse of pregabalin. Risk factors associated with the development of addictive behavior with pregabalin need to be assessed

Antipartum surveillance by scoring system for pregnancy outcome of cesarean section in a tertiary referral centre of Madhya Pradesh, India

Background: It is imperative to find out high risk pregnancy for providing apt care to the needy mother and fetus, so application of risk scoring system helps in pin pointing the at-risk patient and also gives a notion about the prognosis of fetal and maternal wellbeing. This study aims to evaluate the clinical application of risk scoring system in cesarean delivery for identification and management of risk pregnancies appropriately to improve perinatal and maternal morbidity and mortality.Methods: LNMC Bhopal M.P. a tertiary referral centre with approximately 2100 delivery / year and cesarean rate of 33%, serving primarily rural population. This prospective analytical study conducted from July 2017 till June 2018. Focused on the combination of the principal predictors of obstetric outcome taken from the previously published scoring system were applied on 120 cases of unplanned at risk caesarean section and summed up to identify risk-pregnancy and its predictive value for maternal and perinatal outcome.Results: It was determined by birth weight, APGAR score, birth asphyxia and NICU admission, Perinatal and maternal morbidity and mortality. Out of 120 caesarean cases 25% grouped in high risk, 58.3% low risk and 16.6%moderate group and their perinatal outcome was compared. 90% and 15% of the high risk and moderate group respectively had high risk neonates. In the high-risk group 2% had neonatal death, while no mortality in low risk cases. Maternal outcome was analysed by HDU admission 3% mothers were admitted in HDU with eclampsia and multi organ failure with one maternal mortality due to HELLP syndrome other recovered well, while one patient left against medical advice due to high expenses.Conclusions: Risk evaluation by simplified scoring system is an easy and economical way to identify high risk pregnancy to provide quick, comprehensive and quality health services to needy mother and neonate at right time, thus help in lowering the perinatal and maternal mortality and morbidity even at PHC level

MODERATE-DENSITY CLOSE-CLOSED LOOP BURST ERROR DETECTING CODES

In this paper, we study cyclic codes detecting a subclass of close-closed loopbursts viz. moderate-density close-closed loop bursts. A subclass of CT close-closed loop bursts called CT moderate-density close-closed loop bursts is also studied. A comparative study of the results obtained in this paper has also been made

High risk scoring for prediction of pregnancy outcome: a prospective study

Background: Objectives of current study were to detect high risk factors in pregnancy and to develop a simple scoring system to identify and categorize high risk pregnancies and to predict neonatal outcome by prospective multifactorial analysis of high risk factors.  Methods: In this prospective study, antepartum, intrapartum and neonatal parameters were integrated into the clinical records and the relationship of risk score to outcome was evaluated for 415 randomly selected pregnant patients over a period of 1 year. Risk scoring was applied on selected mothers more than 28 weeks of gestation who presented in labour.Results: Out of 415 women, 96 (59%) were High Risk, 191 (46%) were Low risk and 128 (31%) were No risk. In High risk group there were 59 perinatal deaths and perinatal mortality rate was very high (614 per 1000 live births).Conclusions: The risk scoring system can thus be used not only as a test for predicting perinatal mortality but also as a simple and cost effective screening tool for identifying pregnancies at higher risk of perinatal mortality and morbidity so that these are subjected to the special ‘high risk’ care they need

MACROPHAGE TARGETING: A STRATEGY FOR LEISHMANIASIS SPECIFIC DELIVERY

Leishmaniasis is a vector-borne zoonotic infection caused by an obligate intra macrophage protozoan parasite ‘Leishmania'. Despite of a number of remedies available, leishmaniasis is still a speedy migrating and deadly infection due to the resistance of the parasite to the drugs as well as their toxicity. Hence, there is a need for targeted drug delivery system for enhancing the systematic effect of antileishmanial drugs. Although the number of antileishmanial drugs in a variety of dosage forms is available, there is an urgency to develop more efficient, cost-effective and safe therapy, which can be achieved by macrophage targeting utilizing passive (phagocytosis), and/or active (receptor mediated) strategies utilizing nano-formulations. Positive considerations of various factors like the enhanced permeation and retention (EPR) effect, size, and charge of nano-formulations can facilitate the passive targeting, and various receptors like lectin receptor, mannose receptor, mannosyl-fucosyl receptor, scavenger receptor, etc on the macrophage surface may play an important role in active drug targeting. Also, monoclonal antibody, interferon's, tufstin are other agents which have been broadly utilized for targeting

ANTIMICROBIAL EVALUATION OF MALEIMIDE MONOMERS, HOMOPOLYMERS AND COPOLYMERS CONTAINING AZO, SULPHONAMIDE AND THIAZOLE GROUPS

New maleimide Monomers, homopolymers and copolymers  containing azo, sulfonamide and thiazole groups were synthesized. The structures of newly synthesized compounds have been characterized on the basis of their spectroscopic data (FT-IR and 1H-NMR).  Antimicrobial studies of synthesized compounds were performed using agar well diffusion method. All the compounds showed pronounced activity against bacterial strains in comparison to activity against fungal strains.The highest antibacterial potency was exhibited by the homopolymer HPSPMI against Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Bacillus subtilis.  The activity of  HPSPMI against later two was more pronounced than the standard drug used. Only Selected compounds showed antifungal activity. Appreciable results were found against Aspergillus fumigates but not with Candida albicans. HPSPMI showed highest activity against Aspergillus fumigates. Surprisingly after homo and copolymerization, maximum compounds exhibited not only pronounced antibacterial activity but also antifungal activity.Â

Genetic Polymorphism and Alcohol Metabolism

Throughout the world, human population experiment with alcohol, result into short- and long-term consequences including increased risk of accidental injuries, risky sexual behavior and lower education attainment. Due to polymorphism in the gene whose product enzymes are responsible for alcohol metabolism, serious health consequences including liver cirrhosis and hepatocarcinoma can occur. Enzyme alcohol dehydrogenase, CYP450 and catalase are alcohol metabolizing enzymes. Polymorphism in any one or all of the enzymes will result in defective alcohol metabolism and acetaldehyde accumulation cause serious health problems. This article mainly focuses on the consequences of alcohol consumption at genetic level that ultimately affect alcohol metabolism resulting in various health disorders

Effect of abnormal liver function test on maternal and perinatal outcome in pregnancy: observational study

Background: The present study was conducted with the objective to assess the spectrum of liver disease in pregnancy, and its course and effect on maternal and fetal outcomes.Methods: The present study was conducted as a prospective follow up study in the department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, J. K. Hospital for a period of 1 year. The pregnant women between the ages of 18-35 years presenting with symptoms suggestive of underlying liver disease were selected. Socio demographic details and clinical history was obtained from all the participants and they were subjected to liver function test (LFT). All patients were followed till 2 weeks post-partum period. The maternal and fetal outcomes were noted.Results: The following results were obtained: pregnancy-induced hypertension (PIH) was the most common cause of abnormal LFT (46.66%), about 57.5% patients delivered at term, 63.3% patients delivered vaginally, mostly cases delivered a term healthy neonate between 2.5-3.0 kg weight with Apgar score >7 at 5 minutes after birth and maternal complications were seen in 10.82% cases.Conclusions: Our study shows that though liver disease is uncommon in Indian pregnant women, but it is associated with high maternal and perinatal morbidity. A high index of suspicion of liver disease, early diagnosis, prompt referral to a higher centre when required, appropriate supportive management, and a proactive policy of early delivery when indicated may improve the maternal and fetal outcomes in pregnant women with liver disease. Thus LFT should be conducted as a routine investigation in all pregnant females during first and second trimester