Synthesis, Characterization, and Biotoxicity of [Formula: see text] Donor Sulphonamide Imine Silicon(IV) Complexes

The organosilicon derivatives of 2-[1-(2-furayl)ethyledene]sulphathiazole with organosilicon chlorides have been synthesised and characterized on the basis of analytical, conductance, and spectroscopic techniques. Probable trigonal bipyramidal and octahedral structures for the resulting derivatives have been proposed on the basis of electronic, IR, (1)H, (13)C NMR, and (29)Si NMR spectral studies. In the search for better fungicides, bactericides, nematicides, and insecticides studies were conducted to assess the growth-inhibiting potential of the synthesized complexes against various pathogenic fungal, bacterial strains, root-knot nematode Meloidogyne incognita, and insect Trogoderma granarium. These studies demonstrate that the concentrations reached levels which are sufficient to inhibit and kill the pathogens, nematode, and insect

Case series on mullerian anomalies incidence during caesarean section over one year period

Congenital uterine anomalies occur due to abnormal fusion of Mullerian duct during embryonic life. It is associated with high incidences of reproductive failures and adverse obstetrical outcomes. It may be associated with malpresentation, preterm labour or recurrent pregnancy losses. The association of congenital anomalies and early pregnancy loss has been well established but its adverse effect on late pregnancy in form of malpresentation, preterm deliveries has not yet been elaborated. Hence, this case series aimed to summarize the incidence and perinatal outcome of pregnancy in women with congenital uterine anomalies undergoing cesarean section. This was a case series which was conducted on women who underwent cesarean section at P. C. Sethi hospital, Indore between time period of October 2020 to September 2021. Out of total 1835 cesarean undergoing patients, 12 patients were found to have uterine anomalies. Out of 12 patients, 9 (75%) patients were associated with malpresentation, 4 (33.3%) patients had preterm delivery and 6 (50%) patients had low birth weight babies. Hence it can be said that women with congenital uterine anomalies were at higher incidence of malpresentation and preterm deliveries. Presence of congenital uterine anomalies were associated with adverse obstetrical outcome. This knowledge warrants the need for a larger case control study to extrapolate these findings to the general population and also to recommend the need for universal prenatal screening for uterine anomalies to improve the obstetrical and perinatal outcome in patients with uterine anomalies

Profile of boys with posterior urethral valves from a tertiary care center in a developing country

Introduction: Posterior urethral valves (PUVs) are the most common cause of obstructive uropathy in boys. While most patients in developed countries are diagnosed in the antenatal period, our patients often present late which adversely affects their outcome. This retrospective study was aimed to study the clinical profile of boys with PUV at follow-up. Methods: Records of 45 boys  with PUV who were in follow-up for at least 1-year were retrieved between February and December 2015. Age of presentation, signs and symptoms, anthropometry, radiological findings, surgical interventions, and biochemical investigations were recordedin a pre-structured pro forma. The data were later analyzed on an Excel spreadsheet. Results: The mean age at the diagnosis of PUV was 16±2.8 months, and the mean age at enrollment was 70.6±53.5 months. The condition was detected antenatally in 5 (10.9%) subjects only. At the time of data collection, the mean height and weight standard deviation scores were −1.7 and −1.5, respectively. Hypertension was present in 29% of patients. 44.5% of subjects had moderate-to-severe malnutrition and 42.2% had short stature. Mean GFR of the subjects was 66.3 ml/min/1.73m². Bilateral hydronephrosis was present on ultrasound in 26 (57.8%) subjects. Mean anteroposterior diameter on ultrasound was 22.1 mm for the right kidney and 20.8 mm for the left kidney. Significant post-void residue was detected in 54.6% of patients. Bilateral reflux was seen in 21.7% of subjects on micturating cystourethrogram. Urodynamic studies were available for 16 patients, and 31.3% had significant post-void residual urine. Detrusor instability was present in 18.8% of subjects. 35.6% of subjects underwent valve fulguration alone as the surgical procedure while 19 (42.2%) had a diversion procedure  (vesicostomy/ureterostomy) along with valve fulguration. Conclusions: Most of the patients with PUV arestill diagnosed postnatally and have significant renal damage at presentation. Urinary diversion procedures are required in almost half of these patients. All these contribute to a poor long-term outcome

Nematicidal, Fungicidal and Bactericidal Activities of Manganese (II) Complexes with Heterocyclic Sulphonamide Imines

Some manganese(II) complexes derived from different sulphadrugs and heterocyclic ketones have been prepared. These complexes have been characterized on the basis of elemental analyses, molecular weight determinations, conductivity measurements, infrared, ESR and magnetic measurements. The spectral data suggest that the ligands act in a monobasic, bidentate manner coordinating through nitrogen atom. A high spin tetrahedral geometry around this metal has been proposed on the basis of magnetic and spectral studies. The isolated products are coloured solids, soluble in DMSO, DMF and MeOH. All the complexes are monomeric in nature as indicated by their molecular weight determinations and conductivity measurements in dry DMF show them to be non-electrolytes. All the ligands and their corresponding complexes have been screened for their fungicidal, bactericidal and nematicidal activities

A Correlation of Tumor Budding and Tumor Stroma Ratio with Clinicopathological Factors in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Background: Squamous cell carcinoma is the most common carcinoma in the head and neck region. Both tumor budding and tumor stroma ratio are being studied in the recent years in various solid tumors for their role as a prognostic marker, however the studies in oral squamous cell carcinoma are limited. Methods: A total of 50 patients of oral squamous cell carcinoma proved histologically were included in the study over a period of 4 months (July 2022-October 2022). Tumor budding(TB) and Tumor stroma ratio (TSR) were evaluated on routine hematoxylin and eosin stained sections and these were correlated with clinicopathological parameters. Statistical analysis was done using Chi-square test and p value <.05 considered significant. Result: The mean age was 52.72 +_ 13.16 and M: F of 7.1:1. Most of the tumors were located on tongue (46%) followed by buccal mucosa (26%), gingivobuccal sulcus (12%) and retromolar trigone (8%). Palate and alveolus were the other sites involved constituting 4% each. Both TB and TSR were found to be significantly associated with grade of the tuumor, lymph node metastasis and size of the tumor. A highly significant correlation was also found between Tb and TSR with a p value <.001. Conclusion: Both TB and TSR can be easily evaluated on routine H&E sections and are highly reproducible and found to be reliable independent prognostic markers in OSCC. Thus, this simple and cost-effective method of prognostification which is currently lacking will help in identifying patients with poor prognosis and thus, individualise the treatment plan. Keywords: Tumor Budding, Oral squamous cell carcinoma, Tumor stroma ratio

Comparative evaluation of egg based solid media for primary isolation of Paratuberculosis bacilli

81-87Paratuberculosis caused by Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (MAP) is a prevalent infection and is highly expensive to livestock industry. Paratuberculosis also has zoonotic concerns with Crohn’s disease. Isolation of MAP from infected individuals/samples is the most vital for downstream studies. However, MAP is extremely fastidious organism and primary isolation is extremely difficult. Mycobacterial growth indicator tube (MGIT) medium is most recommended for primary isolation, but this medium is highly expensive and requires sophisticated instrument and is unaffordable for developing and underdeveloped world. Present study aimed to investigate the comparative performance of three different egg based solid media (MB7H10, LJ and HEYM) for the primary isolation of MAP from clinically suspected animals. Animals having signs of paratuberculosis were sampled either from farms in Jaipur District of Western India or slaughterhouse. Slaughtered animals were sampled having swollen & enlarged mesenteric lymph nodes (MLN) with thickened/ corrugated intestine near ileo-cecal junction (ICJ). Fecal samples were collected from suspected cattle, buffalo, goat and sheep. MB7H10 medium showed maximum recovery of MAP isolates from clinical samples. Most of the isolates grew on MB7H10 (41.9 %) followed by LJ (22.3%) and HEYM (6.25 %). In case single medium is to be used MB7H10 is the first choice and combination of MB7H10+LJ is better. In conclusion, combination of MB7H10+LJ is the best choice for solid media for the isolation of the MAP in laboratories

A multicentre phase III study comparing efficacy and safety of novel extended-release versus conventional formulation of dydrogesterone in Indian patients with endometriosis

Background: The aim of the study was to compare the efficacy and safety of novel once-daily extended-release (ER) dydrogesterone 20 mg versus conventional twice-daily dydrogesterone 10 mg in Indian patients with endometriosis. Methods: A phase III prospective, randomized, double-blind, single-dummy, two-arm, active-controlled, parallel, multicenter study was performed in six gynecology centers across India. The patients of 18 to 45 years of age with a confirmed diagnosis of endometriosis on ultrasonography (USG) and having endometriosis-associated pelvic pain score (EAPP) of at least 30 mm on a 100 mm visual analog scale (VAS) were randomly assigned to a 1:1 ratio to either once-daily dydrogesterone ER 20 mg or twice-daily dydrogesterone 10 mg arms for a treatment period of 90 days. The primary outcome was a change from baseline in EAPP score at the end of the treatment. Results: A total of 228 patients with a mean age of 31.8±6.9 years were enrolled in the study. At day 90, both the treatment arms showed a significant reduction (p<0.05) in EAPP score from baseline (i.e. -34.2±15.3 mm and -33.1±14.8 mm in once daily dydrogesterone ER and twice daily dydrogesterone 10 mg, respectively), with no significant difference between the two arms (p=0.53). With both formulations, patients experienced a significant reduction in the size of endometrioma, serum vascular endothelial growth factors (VEGF) levels, use of rescue analgesics, and significant improvement in the health-related quality-of-life parameters. A favorable safety profile of dydrogesterone was confirmed, and no significant safety concerns were reported during the study. Conclusions: Once daily dydrogesterone ER 20 mg and twice daily dydrogesterone 10 mg demonstrated a significant and similar reduction in EAPP and all other secondary parameters along with marked improvements in parameters related to quality of life

Comparative evaluation of egg based solid media for primary isolation of Paratuberculosis bacilli

Paratuberculosis caused by Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (MAP) is a prevalent infection and is highly expensive to livestock industry. Paratuberculosis also has zoonotic concerns with Crohn’s disease. Isolation of MAP from infected individuals/samples is the most vital for downstream studies. However, MAP is extremely fastidious organism and primary isolation is extremely difficult. Mycobacterial growth indicator tube (MGIT) medium is most recommended for primary isolation, but this medium is highly expensive and requires sophisticated instrument and is unaffordable for developing and underdeveloped world. Present study aimed to investigate the comparative performance of three different egg based solid media (MB7H10, LJ and HEYM) for the primary isolation of MAP from clinically suspected animals. Animals having signs of paratuberculosis were sampled either from farms in Jaipur District of Western India or slaughterhouse. Slaughtered animals were sampled having swollen & enlarged mesenteric lymph nodes (MLN) with thickened/ corrugated intestine near ileo-cecal junction (ICJ). Fecal samples were collected from suspected cattle, buffalo, goat and sheep. MB7H10 medium showed maximum recovery of MAP isolates from clinical samples. Most of the isolates grew on MB7H10 (41.9 %) followed by LJ (22.3%) and HEYM (6.25 %). In case single medium is to be used MB7H10 is the first choice and combination of MB7H10+LJ is better. In conclusion, combination of MB7H10+LJ is the best choice for solid media for the isolation of the MAP in laboratories

Laboratory misdiagnosis of von Willebrand disease in post- menarchal females: A multi- center study

Increased awareness of von Willebrand Disease (VWD) has led to more frequent diagnostic laboratory testing, which insurers often dictate be performed at a facility with off- site laboratory processing, instead of a coagulation facility with onsite processing. Off- site processing is more prone to preanalytical variables causing falsely low levels of von Willebrand Factor (VWF) due to the additional transport required. Our aim was to determine the percentage of discordance between off- site and onsite specimen processing for VWD in this multicenter, retrospective study. We enrolled females aged 12 to 50- years who had off- site specimen processing for VWF assays, and repeat testing performed at a consulting institution with onsite coagulation phlebotomy and processing. A total of 263 females from 17 institutions were included in the analysis. There were 251 subjects with both off- site and onsite VWF antigen (VWF:Ag) processing with 96 (38%) being low off- site and 56 (22%) low onsite; 223 subjects had VWF ristocetin co- factor (VWF:RCo), 122 (55%) were low off- site and 71 (32%) were low onsite. Similarly, 229 subjects had a Factor VIII (FVIII) assay, and 67 (29%) were low off- site with less than half, 29 (13%) confirmed low with onsite processing. Higher proportions of patients demonstrated low VWF:Ag, VWF:RCo, and/or FVIII with off- site processing compared to onsite (McNemarʼs test P- value <.0005, for all assays). These results emphasize the need to decrease delays from sample procurement to processing for VWF assays. The VWF assays should ideally be collected and processed at the same site under the guidance of a hematologist.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/156476/2/ajh25869.pdfhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/156476/1/ajh25869_am.pd

A critical appraisal of mucormycosis in COVID- 19 patients in a tertiary care centre in India

Background and Purpose: Morbidity and mortality of opportunistic fungal infections in COVID-19 patients are less studied and defined. The patients receiving immunosuppressive therapy, broad-spectrum antibiotics, corticosteroids, and invasive and non-invasive ventilation are the high-risk groups.Materials and Methods: The demographic profile as well as clinical and radiological findings of all the patients with COVID-19 suspected of Mucormycosis (MM) were recorded. The tissue samples from all the patients were sent for microbiological (KOH mount and culture) and histopathological analysis for confirmation of MM.Results: In total, 45 COVID-19 patients suspected of MM were included in the study an MM was confirmed in 42 patients. The mean age of the patients was 50.30±14.17 years with a female: male ratio of 1.1:1. The most common symptom was headache (52.38%) followed by purulent nasal discharge (38.09%) and facial pain in 33.33% of the cases. The ocular symptoms included a diminution of vision (33.33%) and redness of the eye (2.38%).The most common site of involvement was rhino-orbital (42.85%) followed by sinonasal (23.80%) and rhino cerebral (19.04%). Majority (38.09%) of the patients were diagnosed with stage II of Rhino-orbital-cerebral Mucormycosis (ROCM) based on radiology. A history of diabetes mellitus and steroids was present in 97.61% and 85.71% of the cases, respectively. Moreover, KOH was positive for MM in 97.61% of the cases while the culture was positive in only 35.71% of the cases. In addition, on histopathology, MM was confirmed in 64.28 % of the cases. Mixed growth with Aspergillus species and Rhizopus species was observed in 14.28% of the cases in culture and 11.90% of the cases in histopathology test. Furthermore, angioinvasion was found in 23.80% of the cases according to the histopathology test.Conclusion: Based on the results, the most common conditions associated with MM in COVID-19 patients were diabetes mellitus and steroid therapy. A high level of clinical suspicion aided with diagnostic tests, including KOH mount, culture, histopathology, and radiology which helped the early detection of opportunistic fungal infection in COVID-19 patients to ensure timely treatment