Ethnobotanical Studies on Plant Resources of Tahsil Multai, District Betul, Madhya Pradesh, India

The present investigation was carried out in Tahsil Multai, a region dominated by the Korku and Gond tribes. A large number of traditional herbal healers exist belonging to the tribal community and are utilizing local plants in ethno-medicinal practices prevalent in the area and resulted in the documentation of 47 medicinal plant species belonging to 29 families and 45 genera. The study thus underlines the potentials of the ethnobotanical research and the need for the documentation of traditional ecological knowledge pertaining to the medicinal plant utilization for the greater benefit of mankind in different regions

Economics and Marketing of Aromatic Rice - A Case Study of Chhattisgarh

In recent years there has been a serious concern among the farmers, scientists, policymakers and environmentalists regarding the continuous erosion of genetic biodiversity of rice cultivars in Chhattisgarh which has traditionally been known as bowl of scented rices in central India. In view of India’s potential competitiveness in aromatic rices in the international market, it is imperative to understand the dynamics of domestic trade in aromatic rice. In this study, marketing and price-spread patterns of aromatic rice in the state of Chhattisgarh have been examined. A few policy interventions have been suggested for promoting aromatic rices in the state.Crop Production/Industries, Marketing,

A study of atenolol and nebivolol in prehypertension

Background: Patients with prehypertension have an increased risk of cardiovascular disease. The coexistence of prehypertension with risk factors increases cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. That’s why it is important to treat pre-hypertensive patients having risk factors. The objective was to evaluate the effect of atenolol and nebivolol in pre-hypertensive patients.Methods: Pre-hypertensive patients having risk factors were selected, and non-pharmacological therapy was advised to all patients. Those patients who were not able to follow strictly non-pharmacological guidelines and remained pre-hypertensive were included in this study. Pre-hypertensive patients were divided into three groups. One group received atenolol 50 mg orally, once daily. Second group received nebivolol 5 mg orally, once daily. Third group received placebo orally, once daily. All groups received treatment for 1 month.Results: In the nebivolol group after 1 month of study, the mean reduction in systolic blood pressure (SBP) was 134.2±3.07-118.26±4.66 and mean reduction in diastolic BP (DBP) was 87.13±1.87-80.73±1.99. Reduction in SBP and DBP in the nebivolol group was significant (p≤0.0001). In the placebo, and atenolol group results were not significant.Conclusion: Nebivolol produces a significant reduction in SBP and DBP in pre-hypertensive patients. Atenolol and placebo did not show beneficial results

EVALUATION OF INDIGENOUS DRUGS IN THE MANAGEMENT OF PCOD IN TEENAGE GIRLS

Polycystic ovarian disease is one of the most common gynecological disorders during puberty. This is otherwise known as Stein-Leventhal Syndrome and occurs due to the incorrect set of hypothalamo-pituitary homeostatic during puberty and characterized by oligomenorrhoea / amenorrhoea, delayed periods, hirsutism, hoarseness of voice etc. Based on the clinical features this can be compared with Alpartava /Artavakshaya as per the Ayurvedic classics. In Artavakshaya (deficiency of Artva), Rajasrava (menstruation) do not appear in its appropriate time or is delayed. Often gynecologists keep these patients on combination of estrogen and progesterone therapy. Exogenous hormonal treatment again disturbs the endogenous hormonal pattern and the pathology continues. In the present study an attempt has been made to find out safe alternate therapy to cure PCOD and regularize menstruation with Ayurvedic drugs. For the present study, Ashokarishtam is selected to improve Rajodhatu, Kanchanara guggulu and Varunadi kashayam are selected to regress cysts of the ovary. Study carried out in 52 number of teenage girls, out of which, 21 (42.86%) patients have shown Good Response, 10 (20.41%) cases have shown Fair response, 03 (06.12%) cases have shown Poor response, 15 (32.61%) did not show any response and 03 cases were dropped out from the study. On statistical analysis, efficacy of the trial drugs found highly significant in relieving PCOD (P<0.001)

SKELETAL DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEM: A REVIEW

Drug delivery refers to approaches, formulations, technologies, and systems for transporting a pharmaceutical compound in the body as needed to safely achieve its desired therapeutic effect. Skeletal drug delivery systems (SDDS) are used to deliver the drug directly to skeletal tissue through various conventional and novel approaches, thereby improving the therapeutic effectiveness of drugs in bone diseases. It may involve scientific site-targeting within the body, or it might involve facilitating systemic pharmacokinetics; in any case, it is typically concerned with both quantity and duration of drug presence.Ranging from used of poultice and now with the advent of self setting cements, nanoparticles, liposomes etc for targeting the drug to the poorly perfused body organs, the development of delivery systems to bones/ skeletal system have come a long way. The present work reviews the delivery systems that are prevalent and is dedicated towards a rationale selection of the drugs and dosage forms for skeletal diseases

Adult diagnosis of hyperlucent unilateral lung: Swyer-James Macleod syndrome

Swyer- James- MacLeod Syndrome (SJMS) is a constrictive bronchiolitis with airflow obstruction, decreased number and diameter of ipsilateral peripheral pulmonary vessels and air trapping with characteristic radiological feature of unilateral hyperlucency on chest radiography. Computerized tomography (CT) provides useful additional information. The diagnosis is usually made in childhood, but sometimes it in adult. Here, we report a case in a 36 year old adult female who presented with complaints of breathlessness on exertion, cough and recurrent rhinitis with past history of TB and child hood chest infection. Imaging findings are characteristic of Swyer- James- Macleod syndrome

Effect of epidural volume extension with colloid on dose requirement for intrathecal spinal block: a double blind prospective study

Background: Epidural volume extension (EVE) is a modification of combined- spinal epidural anaesthesia (CSEA) in which fluid is injected in epidural space after the intrathecal block. Fluid in epidural space compress subarachnoid space and causes cephalic spread of intrathecal drug to increase block height. Purpose of study is to determine efficacy of EVE on dose requirement of intrathecal bupivacaine when colloid was used for EVE.Methods: Sixty patients of ASA physical status I or II, scheduled for elective caesarean sections were recruited and randomized into two groups (30 each group). Group 1: CSEA in which spinal block is followed by 10 ml Colloid (HES 6%) in epidural space; Group 2: CSEA but no fluid in epidural space. Onset of sensory block and hemodynamic variables were measured at 5 min. intervals up to 40 minutes then at 10 min. intervals till end of surgery. Ineffective block was top- up by epidural 0.5% bupivacaine in incremental doses.Results: Median effective dose of intrathecal bupivacaine was significantly lower, 4.0 mg (95% CI 4.40-5.60) in group 1 versus 7.0 mg (95% CI 6.93-7.61) in group 2. Only 11 patients required ephedrine in group 1 versus 20 in group 2. Requirement of ephedrine was significantly lower 2.20 (±2.94) mg in group 1 versus 4.0 (±2.88) mg groups 2. Changes in haemodynamic variables from baseline were significantly lower in group 1 than those in group 2.Conclusions: EVE with colloid was effective in lowering dose requirement of spinal bupivacaine while patients hemodynamically were more stable.

Functional outcome of hybrid external fixator in proximal tibial fractures Schatzker type V and VI with Gustillo grade-II

Background: Management of high energy tibial plateau fractures along with extensive soft tissue damage is still challenging to many orthopaedic surgeons. This study evaluates the purpose of hybrid external fixator intreating high energy tibial plateau fractures with minimal invasion and accurate reduction.Methods: Twenty patients with high energy Schatzker type V and VI tibial plateau fractures with severe soft tissue injury were enrolled into the study in RNT medical college, Udaipur.Results: The results- bony union, range of movements and associated complications were assessed. All fractures united in an average time period of 20 weeks. Ten patients developed knee stiffness, five patients developed delayed union andthreenon-union.15 patients required split skin graft. Final outcome showed excellent score in 53 patients.Conclusions: Hybrid external fixation is a safe option for managing complex high energy tibial plateau fractures by simultaneously providing adequate fracture stabilization and necessary protection to soft tissue healing to achieve bony union

Clinical and functional outcome of isolated posterior cruciate ligament avulsion fractures treated by open reduction and internal fixation

Background: PCL ligament avulsion fracture injuries constitute about 3-20% of all the knee injuries. Isolated posterior cruciate ligament injuries are uncommon and often go undiagnosed in acutely injured knees. fracture. In the long run they cause severe functional disability of the knee joint. There is no consensus concerning the optimal surgical treatment approach for these injuries. Our study was to assess the functional and clinical outcome of isolated PCL avulsion fractures with open reduction and internal fixation.Methods: This is a prospective study of 27 patients with isolated PCL avulsion fractures, done in the department of orthopaedics in RNT medical college over a 2-year period. All were treated with open reduction and internal fixation with 4 mm cannulated cancellous screw and washer. Postoperatively, patient leg was immobilized in posterior POP slab for 2 weeks, allowing toe touch weight bearing. All patients were regularly followed-up. 3 cases of post operative wound infection were detected.Results: Of the 27 patients, there were 19 males and 8 females. All the cases showed good fracture union in an average of 12 weeks post operatively. In the first 6 weeks, all of them acquired an average knee flexion of 90 degrees and by 3 months, all of them had 125 degrees of free flexion possible.2 cases showed negative posterior draw sign. The knee scoring system assessment showed 21 cases of excellent result, 4 cases of good result and 2 cases of fair result.Conclusions: Though rare, PCL avulsion fractured are to be managed properly and treated surgically. PCL tibial avulsion fractures treated through Burk and Schaffer approach with open reduction and internal fixation produces good results

A comparison of morphometric traits of sheep breeds of Karnataka in the farmers' flocks

The study revealed that the 4 sheep breeds of Karnataka differed significantly with respect to body weight and other physical traits. Kenguri and Bellary breeds of sheep were larger and heavier than Hassan and Mandya sheep breeds. Amongst them Kenguri rams were heaviest followed by Bellary, Mandya and Hassan but in ewes the above order was reversed in breeds of southern Karnataka. The overall difference in body weights of Kenguri and Bellary rams was 9.66 kg whereas in Hassan and Mandya rams it was 4.37 kg. The corresponding values in ewes were 4.06 kg and 1.5 kg. In ewes, the increase in magnitude of a morphometric trait from a lower age group to next higher age group was marginal. All the sheep breeds of Karnataka attained maximum weight at 8-tooth age