A Southern encounter: maternal body work and low-income mothers in South Africa

This paper explores the maternal body work practices of black low-income mothers from resource-poor urban spaces in South Africa. Using Southern Theory to open our analytical lens, we recognise that location has implications for how we understand the embodiment of gender and the lactating body in the global South. We argue that maternal body work, as one form of gendered embodiment, must be understood in a postcolonial landscape where histories of colonisation and indigenous gender orders continue to shape how women respond to work conditions and how they manage the competing demands of work and breastfeeding. Our analysis from 51 in-depth interviews conducted in Cape Town, demonstrates that maternal body work practices are interpreted through the entanglement of embodiment and work and non-work spaces. By emphasising contextual specificities relating to low-income worker’s living, working and family realities, we advance studies on maternal body work and employment from the global South

COMPARATIVE RESPONSE TO SULPHUR APPLICATION IN MUSTARD (BRASSICA JUNCEA L) AND WHEAT

Field experiments were conducted on sulphur-deficient or nearly deficient soil, to evaluate the comparative response to sulphur application in mustard and wheat crop at two different village of Vidisha districts. The mustard seed yield increased significantly by 17.8 to 60.% over control with the application of sulphur at different villages but the yield increase in wheat was not significant. Sulphur content in and uptake by plants increased with the application of sulphur-fertilizer to the soil. The oil content in mustard increased with the application of sulphur

The nature and outcomes of work-family enrichment

Includes bibliographical references (leaves 68-77).This study examined the nature and outcomes of work-family enrichment amongst South African retail employees (N = 336). Exploratory factor analysis evidenced the multi-dimensionality of work-family enrichment, its bi-directionality, and its distinctiveness from work-family conflict. Hierarchical multiple regression analysis showed that work-to-family enrichment explains a significant proportion of the variance in organisational commitment, job satisfaction, and career satisfaction and that the affect component of family-to-work enrichment explains a significant proportion of the variance in family satisfaction. Implications for both work-family theory and management practice are discussed

Antecedents of work-family conflict among Hindu working women in South Africa: stressors, social support, and cultural values

Includes bibliographical references.Little is known about the antecedents of work-family conflict (WFC) among Hindu working women in South Africa, a minority subgroup shaped by a unique set of historical, political, and cultural dynamics. Responding to repeated calls in the literature for the examination of work-family issues in unique cultural contexts, this study began with 20 in-depth interviews to elicit the subjective meaning that Hindu women in South Africa give to their work-family experiences. The qualitative data were analysed adhering to the principles of thematic analysis. These findings, together with a review of extant literature, were used to develop a new and culturally nuanced explanatory model of the antecedents of WFC for this specific context. The antecedents of WFC in the explanatory model include role stressors, sources of social support, and specific individual-level cultural variables. The study’s propositions were tested with survey data from 317 respondents. Psychometric analyses confirmed the portability of the measures and the bi-directional nature of WFC; work-to-family conflict and family- to-work conflict. Multiple regression analyses showed that a significant amount of variability in work-to-family conflict and family-to work conflict were explained by within- domain and cross-domain role stressors; with work overload having the strongest predictive effect on both directions of WFC. The results further highlight the salience of family in Hindu culture, noting that family involvement functioned as an important resource in reducing both directions of WFC and that food-work overload had a distinctive effect on WFC as a significant within-domain and cross-domain stressor. Results of further moderated multiple regression analyses confirmed co-worker support as an important resource for alleviating work-to-family conflict and for buffering the negative effects that work stressors can have on work-to-family conflict. Likewise, the results confirmed spousal support as an important resource for reducing family- to-work conflict; however, paid domestic support increased family- to-work conflict directly and when interacting with food-work overload. Moderated multiple regression analyses additionally showed that work involvement interacted significantly with gender role ideology in predicting work-to-family conflict and that family hierarchy orientation interacted significantly with family involvement in predicting family- to-work conflict. Overall, the results of this study strengthen the argument for the importance of uncovering and examining culturally salient variables in work-family research

EFFECT OF INTEGRATED NUTRIENT MANAGEMENT ON WHEAT – A REVIEW

At global level, India ranks as second largest wheat producing nation and contributing approximately 11.9% to the world wheat production from about 12% of global area (USDA, 2010). The area under wheat throughout the world as well as in India has become nearly constant around 217.9 million ha and 26.9 million ha respectively. Wheat contributes about 30% of total grain production in India (Economic Survey, 2007).Long time studies being carried out at several locations in India indicated that application of all the needy nutrients through chemical fertilizers have deterious effect on soil health leading to unsustainable yields. During 2008-09, India produced a record wheat production of 80.58 million tones. One of the major constraints in boosting up the wheat production is the deterious effect on soil health. Therefore; there is a need to improve nutrient supply system in terms of integrated nutrient management involving the use of chemical fertilizers in conjunction with organic manures coupled with input through biological processes. Balanced fertilizer is the application of essential plant nutrients in light proportion and in optimum quantity for a specific soil crop condition. Continuous imbalanced use of fertilizer led to the deterioration in the soil fertility and decrease in soil productivity. Higher yield at balanced nutrition safe guard soil fertility. Integrated plant nutrient supply system could help in meeting the goals of balanced fertilization. The research findings on various aspects of the integrated nutrient management on wheat are reviewed.           Â

“I found my people”: Academic development, transformation and the Next Generation Professoriate at UCT

Questions of inclusivity and transformation are central in higher education. In South Africa, these imperatives have the additional weight of post-apartheid redress. Attempts to address these questions seldom contemplate how transformation will be achieved. Efforts to achieve transformation often don’t attend to the critical question of how to nurture relationships among academics. We argue that building trust and a sense of belonging expands notions of academic development and transformation. In this article we discuss the Next Generation Professoriate (NGP), a mid-career academic development initiative at the University of Cape Town (UCT). Building human connections was an intentional part of this initiative’s transformative process. The programme emphasized global South location as a commonality as it sought to encourage new forms of knowledge production and collaboration

The South African income tax implications of transactions entered into to earn points for a Broad- Based Black Economic Empowerment scorecard, with reference to a selection of structures

This thesis discussed the South African income tax implications, in terms of the Income Tax Act, No. 58 of 1962, arising from complying with Broad-Based Black Economic Empowerment requirements, and related principles established in case law. Various structures and transactions entered into for the purposes of earning points for the B-BBEE scorecard were identified. In the assessment of the deductibility of B-BBEE expenditure in terms of the preamble to section 11, section 11(a) and section 23(g) of the Act, it was highlighted that, in the South African economic environment, B-BBEE compliance represents a competitive advantage for entities. In addition, many South African organisations are required to comply with B-BBEE requirements for legal and regulatory purposes. The analysis of the deductibility of B-BBEE expenditure revealed that taxpayers that incur this expenditure would be carrying on a trade or commencing to do so. It was also concluded that B-BBEE expenditure is incurred in the production of income and would generally not be capital in nature, except in certain circumstances, in which case the Act provides certain allowances. Any deduction will only be allowed in the year of assessment in which the expenditure is actually incurred, or when the taxpayer incurs an unconditional legal obligation. This thesis explored several alternatives to achieve the requirements of the ownership element of B-BBEE and highlighted the income tax implications that arise because of these structures. It was also observed that there are a number of incentives in the Act that could be beneficial to taxpayers seeking to earn points for the remaining elements of the B-BBEE scorecard. A legal interpretive approach, in particular a doctrinal research methodology, was adopted in carrying out this research. This research concluded that the Act facilitates most of the B-BBEE transactions and structures, but due to the complex and sometimes uncertain nature of the tax consequences of B-BBEE transactions and structures, there is a need for further guidance in this area of tax law.Thesis (MCom) -- Faculty of Commerce, Accounting, 202

The South African income tax implications of transactions entered into to earn points for a Broad- Based Black Economic Empowerment scorecard, with reference to a selection of structures

This thesis discussed the South African income tax implications, in terms of the Income Tax Act, No. 58 of 1962, arising from complying with Broad-Based Black Economic Empowerment requirements, and related principles established in case law. Various structures and transactions entered into for the purposes of earning points for the B-BBEE scorecard were identified. In the assessment of the deductibility of B-BBEE expenditure in terms of the preamble to section 11, section 11(a) and section 23(g) of the Act, it was highlighted that, in the South African economic environment, B-BBEE compliance represents a competitive advantage for entities. In addition, many South African organisations are required to comply with B-BBEE requirements for legal and regulatory purposes. The analysis of the deductibility of B-BBEE expenditure revealed that taxpayers that incur this expenditure would be carrying on a trade or commencing to do so. It was also concluded that B-BBEE expenditure is incurred in the production of income and would generally not be capital in nature, except in certain circumstances, in which case the Act provides certain allowances. Any deduction will only be allowed in the year of assessment in which the expenditure is actually incurred, or when the taxpayer incurs an unconditional legal obligation. This thesis explored several alternatives to achieve the requirements of the ownership element of B-BBEE and highlighted the income tax implications that arise because of these structures. It was also observed that there are a number of incentives in the Act that could be beneficial to taxpayers seeking to earn points for the remaining elements of the B-BBEE scorecard. A legal interpretive approach, in particular a doctrinal research methodology, was adopted in carrying out this research. This research concluded that the Act facilitates most of the B-BBEE transactions and structures, but due to the complex and sometimes uncertain nature of the tax consequences of B-BBEE transactions and structures, there is a need for further guidance in this area of tax law.Thesis (MCom) -- Faculty of Commerce, Accounting, 202

ALIH STATUS BADAN USAHA MILIK DESA RUKUN JAYA BERSAMA SIDORUKUN DI DESA SIDORUKUN PROVINSI JAMBI PASCA LAHIRNYA PERATURAN PEMERINTAH NOMOR 11 TAHUN 2021 TENTANG BADAN USAHA MILIK DESA

Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 11 Tahun 2021 Tentang Badan Usaha Milik Desa merupakan aturan turunan dari Undang-Undang Nomor 11 Tahun 2020 Tentang Cipta Kerja. Menurut PP tersebut BUM Desa adalah badan hukum yang sebagian besar modalnya dimiliki oleh desa. Banyak hal yang berubah terkait pengelolaan BUM Desa salah satunya adalah struktur organisasi. Sebelumnya struktur organisasi BUM Desa hanyalah penasihat, pelaksana operasional, dan pengawas. Kemudian pasca lahirnya UU Cipta Kerja, PP BUM Desa mengubah hal tersebut menjadi musyawarah desa/musyawarah antar desa, penasihat, pelaksana operasional, dan pengawas. BUM Desa Rukun Jaya Bersama Sidorukun adalah salah satu BUM Desa yang merasakan dampak atas alih status BUM Desa menjadi badan hukum. BUM Desa Rukun Jaya Bersama Sidorukun sedang dalam proses mendaftarkan badan hukum dibantu oleh pendamping desa untuk kemudian memperoleh sertifikat badan hukum dari Kementerian Hukum dan Hak Asasi Manusia. Rumusan masalah dalam penelitian ini yaitu: 1) Bagaimana arti penting alih status Badan Usaha Milik Desa Rukun Jaya Bersama Sidorukun bagi masyarakat Desa Sidorukun?. 2) Bagaimana alih status Badan Usaha Milik Desa Rukun Jaya Bersama Sidorukun pasca lahirnya Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 11 Tahun 2021 Tentang Badan Usaha Milik Desa? Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah yuridis empiris dengan teknis pengumpulan data melalui wawancara dan studi dokumen. Jenis data yang diperoleh baik primer maupun sekunder dianalisis secara kualitatif kemudian disajikan secara deskriptif. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan antara lain: 1) Dampak alih status BUM Desa Rukun Jaya Bersama Sidorukun dirasakan oleh masyarakat desa seperti adanya peningkatan pendapatan BUM Desa, Peningkatan Pendapatan Asli Desa (PADesa) Sidorukun, dan memberikan partisipasi kepada masyarakat dengan menempatkan musyawarah desa sebagai organ tertinggi BUM Desa. 2) BUM Desa Rukun Jaya Bersama Sidorukun sudah mendaftarkan badan hukum ke Kementerian Desa, Pembangunan Daerah Tertinggal dan Transmigrasi serta Kementerian Hukum dan Hak Asasi Manusia namun sertifikat badan hukumnya belum dikeluarkan dikarenakan masih ada beberapa berkas yang harus dipersiapkan karena sebelumnya berkas tersebut masih salah. Kata Kunci: Alih Status, Badan Usaha Milik Desa, Pendaftaran

FENOMENA GRAFITI SEBAGAI MEDIA KOMUNIKASI DI RUANG PUBLIK KOTA KUPANG: KAJIAN LINGUISTIK LANSKAP

Artikel ini adalah hasil penelitian lapangan yang bertujuan untuk menelusuri dan menganalisis fenomena graffiti sebagai tanda ruang publik kota Kupang dalam kerangka linguistik lanskap. Penelitian ini mengungkap kontestasi bahasa di ruang publik yang terekspresi lewat graffiti, bentuk lingual, fungsinya sebagai sebuah tanda linguistik lanskap, dan strategi komunikasi yang dipakai pada graffiti dalam menyampaikan pesannya. Penelitian ini didesain secara kualitatif untuk meganalisis fenomena keberadaan graffiti di Kota Kupang. Data penelitian ini merupakan jenis data primer yang berasal dari graffiti yang ada ruang-ruang publik Kota Kupang yang dikumpulkan melalui metode pengamatan dan dokumentasi. Analisis data menggunakan metode analisis konten kualitatif (qualitative content analysis) dan analisis wacana kritis. Hasil penelitian mengungkapkan bahwa terdapat lima bahasa, yaitu bahasa Indonesia, Melayu Kupang, bahasa Inggris, Alor, dan Latin. Satuan lingualnya didominasi oleh klausa atau kalimat, akronim, frasa, dan kata. Fungsi graffiti sebagai sebuah tanda ruang publik adalah fungsi simbolik seperti budaya dan identitas. Strategi yang digunakan adalah komunikasi secara langsung, metafor, simbolisme, dan akronim untuk mengkomunikasikan perasaan mereka tentang diri mereka sendiri dan dunia luar. Salah satu aspek yang memerlukan penelusuran lebih lanjut adalah motivasi dari pembuat graffiti (street artists) dalam mengekspresikan pesan mereka di ruang publik