The relationship between religiosity with stress, anxiety, and depression among the students in Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Iran, 2017

BACKGROUND: Religion affects all aspects of the life. One of the most important aspects of human health is its mental health, and how it gets affected by stress, anxiety, and depression. The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether there was any relationship between religiosity with stress, anxiety, and depression among the students of Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Iran.METHODS: This cross-sectional study was conducted at Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences in 2017. The total number of 282 students were selected using a two-stage stratified sampling method to fulfill univariate religiosity questionnaire and Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale-21 (DASS-21). All statistical analysis was performed using SPSS software.RESULTS: The mean age of participants was 22.34 ± 3.05 years. 70.9% of participants were women, and 92.2% were single. Out of four dimensions of religiosity, only ritual dimension was found to have a significant correlation with stress (P = 0.030). The correlation between other dimensions of religiosity (belief, emotional, and consequential (and aspects of mental health found to be not statistically significant (P > 0.050).CONCLUSION: Based on the findings of this study, religious activities can reduce the stress of individuals. Designing non-syllabus interventions is recommended in order to increase religious activities in order to improve students’ mental health

Evaluation of Pulp Tissue Following Direct Pulp Capping with Propolis versus Calcium Hydroxide: A Clinical Trial

Objectives Direct pulp capping may result in formation of a dentinal bridge and preservation of pulp vitality. This randomized controlled clinical trial sought to histologically assess and compare pulp tissue following pulp capping with propolis and calcium hydroxide. Methods In A cavity was prepared at the center of the occlusal surface of 10 third molars scheduled for extraction by using a cylindrical bur. The pulp chamber was exposed with a round bur. Samples were randomly divided into two groups (5 teeth in each group). The first group underwent direct pulp capping with propolis and the second group with calcium hydroxide. Auto-polymerizing glass ionomer was then applied to seal the cavity. The teeth were extracted after 45 days, and histologically evaluated. The obtained data were analyzed using the Fisher’s exact test. Results The quality (P=0.048) and quantity (P=0.008) of dentinal bridge were significantly different between the two groups. Propolis resulted in formation of a continuous dentinal bridge with irregular tubular dentin; whereas, calcium hydroxide resulted in formation of osteodentin (low quality dentin). Conclusion Propolis induced the formation of tubular dentin with higher quality compared with calcium hydroxide

An epidemiological survey of traffic accidents in Kangavar, Iran, in 2014

BACKGROUND: Traffic accidents in Iran are the second leading cause of mortality and the first cause of years of life lost (YLL). This study aims to determine the epidemiology of road traffic accidents referring to Shahid Chamran Hospital of Kangavar, Iran, in 2014.METHODS: This was a cross-sectional descriptive-analytical study. The studied population included all dead and injured patients of traffic accidents referring to Shahid Chamran Hospital in Kangavar in 2014 that by using census sampling method were entered in the study. The data collection tool was a researcher-made checklist involving demographic and traffic variables that were filled by examining hospital records and making phone calls to all participants. Data were analyzed through chi-square and analysis of variance (ANOVA) tests.RESULTS: The mean age of participants was 30.98 ± 17.06 years. 75.81% of the population was men. The average time of traffic accident occurrence was 15:14:47. The majority of injured subjects were motorcycle drivers (32.89%), followed by car passengers (22.41%), and pedestrians (19.64%). Car-motorcycle (29.60%), overturning (28.66%), and car-pedestrian collision (17.45%) were the first three most common types of traffic accidents, respectively. Multiple trauma (42.29%), lower limb trauma (24.88%), and head/neck trauma (17.87%) were the most frequent injuries. There was a statistically significant association between the types of accidents and the variables of marital status, educational level, place of residence, days of the week, seasons, injured person’s condition, type of collision, and the injured organ (P < 0.050).CONCLUSION: Based on the findings, since the majority of casualties in traffic accidents are motorcyclists, it is recommended to review the traffic rules for this group

Adherence to Mediterranean dietary pattern and the risk of gestational diabetes mellitus:a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies

Background and aim: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is one of the most prevalent disorders occurring during pregnancy, which confers significant risk of short and long-term adverse outcomes in both mothers and offspring. Recently, more attention has been paid to the association of pre-pregnancy and early pregnancy healthy dietary patterns, such as Mediterranean dietary pattern with GDM. However, there is a lack of systematic review and meta-analysis summarizing findings in this regard. Hence, we sought to assess the association of MedDiet and GDM in observational studies by performing a systematic review and meta-analysis. Methods: A comprehensive systematic literature search of observational studies was conducted via PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar, up to August 2023. Studies were included in our review if they evaluated the association of MedDiet and GDM, following an observational study design. Results: Ten studies were included in this study. Combining effect sizes, we found that adherence to MedDiet was inversely associated with GDM risk (OR = 0.64; CI: 0.52–0.78); implying that higher adherence to the MedDiet could reduce the risk of GDM by about 36%. Stratification by the geographic area, Mediterranean countries, time of dietary assessment and study design, showed a consistent significant association between MedDiet and GDM. Conclusion: We conclude that adhering to diets resembling MedDiet, before or in early pregnancy, could be associated with lower risks or odds of GDM

An epidemiological survey of traffic accidents in Kangavar, Iran, in 2014

BACKGROUND: Traffic accidents in Iran are the second leading cause of mortality and the first cause of years of life lost (YLL). This study aims to determine the epidemiology of road traffic accidents referring to Shahid Chamran Hospital of Kangavar, Iran, in 2014. METHODS: This was a cross-sectional descriptive-analytical study. The studied population included all dead and injured patients of traffic accidents referring to Shahid Chamran Hospital in Kangavar in 2014 that by using census sampling method were entered in the study. The data collection tool was a researcher-made checklist involving demographic and traffic variables that were filled by examining hospital records and making phone calls to all participants. Data were analyzed through chi-square and analysis of variance (ANOVA) tests. RESULTS: The mean age of participants was 30.98 ± 17.06 years. 75.81% of the population was men. The average time of traffic accident occurrence was 15:14:47. The majority of injured subjects were motorcycle drivers (32.89%), followed by car passengers (22.41%), and pedestrians (19.64%). Car-motorcycle (29.60%), overturning (28.66%), and car-pedestrian collision (17.45%) were the first three most common types of traffic accidents, respectively. Multiple trauma (42.29%), lower limb trauma (24.88%), and head/neck trauma (17.87%) were the most frequent injuries. There was a statistically significant association between the types of accidents and the variables of marital status, educational level, place of residence, days of the week, seasons, injured person’s condition, type of collision, and the injured organ (P < 0.050). CONCLUSION: Based on the findings, since the majority of casualties in traffic accidents are motorcyclists, it is recommended to review the traffic rules for this group

Effect of an Experimental Resin-based Sealer (Resil) and AH-26 on Postoperative Pain: A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial

Introduction: One of the most common problems in endodontic treatments is post-treatment pain, and sealers might be one of the factors influencing the degree of pain following root canal therapy. The purpose of this study is to compare pain following endodontic treatment using an AH-26 resin sealer against the Resil experimental sealer in mandibular molars with irreversible pulpitis. Materials and Methods: One hundred patients with irreversible pulpitis in the mandibular first or second molar were randomly divided into two groups (n=50) based on the type of sealer applied. Two postgraduate students with at least five years of experience treated all patients. All patients had a single root canal treatment. Postoperative pain scores and analgesic consumption were assessed after 6, 12, 24, and 48 hours and 3, 4, 5, 6, and 7 days after the treatment. The data were statistically analyzed by Fisher's exact or Chi-Square test (to compare the distribution of qualitative variables in two groups), repeated measures ANOVA (to compare changes in pain intensity over time in two groups), Boneferronie (for pairwise comparisons), Friedman, Wilcoxon and Mann-Whitney tests (for assessment of the changes in pain scores over time). The generalized estimating equations (GEE) were used for assessing time and group effects. Results: There was no significant difference in postoperative pain between groups at any of the time points studied (P&gt;0.05), and also for patient analgesic consumption between groups (P&gt;0.05). Both groups recorded the maximum pain levels in the first 6 hours. For each subsequent day postoperatively, the odds ratio (OR) of not using analgesics was 2.078. Conclusion: Resil and AH-26 perform similarly in terms of the occurrence and intensity of postoperative pain in mandibular molar teeth with irreversible pulpitis

ZAP70 Expression Within del6q21, del11q13 and del17p13 Cytogenetic Subgroups of Iranian Patients with Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia

Background: B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia (B-CLL) is the most common form of leukemia in adults. Some reports showed that expression of ZAP70 gene and chromosomal abnormality are two prognostic factors in management of B-CLL Objectives: In this study, we determined ZAP70 mRNA expression level in the del17p13, del6q21 and del11q13 subgroups of Iranian B-CLL patients to investigate prognostic value of ZAP70 expression. Patients and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, fluorescence in situ hybridization analysis was carried out on 66 Iranian B-CLL patients. Zap70 mRNA expression was evaluated by using Real Time RT-PCR. Results: Molecular analysis showed that ZAP70 expression increased 2.46 fold in the del11q13 subgroup, 2.87 fold in the del17p13 and 1.87 fold in the del6q21, compared to the 15 patients in the control group. Comparison of standard deviation and mean of the ZAP70 expression profile within the subgroups showed more variability among the cases of the del11q13 and del17p13 versus tight clustering for the del6q21. Therefore, there is a relation between del6q21 aberrations; which has good prognosis with normal levels of ZAP70 expression. Conclusions: The results of ANOVA test showed that ZAP70 expression gene was significantly increased in del17p13 and del11q13 subgroups compared to control group. Thus, ZAP70 may play an important role in the prognosis of B-CLL patients

A case-control study of Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diets, colorectal cancer and adenomas among Iranian population

Abstract Background and aims Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer, worldwide. Recently, much attention has been given to the association between Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) and CRC, however, data on colorectal adenomas (CRAs) as its precursor are scarce. Thus, the purpose of this case-control study was to investigate the association of DASH score with the risk of CRC and CRA in Iranian adults. Method A total of 499 participants, including 129 CRC and 130 CRA cases, along with 240 controls, were asked about their dietary intake via a validated questionnaire. The DASH score was then calculated based on a priori methods and categorized in quartiles. Multivariate logistic regression was performed to assess the association of DASH score and the risk of CRC and CRA. Results After adjusting for confounding variables, adherence to the DASH diet was associated with a reduction in the risk of CRC and CRA, respectively (OR of 4th versus 1st quartile = 0.04, 95% CI: 0.01–0.11, OR = 0.10, 95% CI: 0.04–0.22). Also, subgroup analysis based on gender showed that women and men with a higher DASH score had a significantly lower risk of CRC and CRAs. Conclusion The results of this study demonstrated that adherence to a DASH dietary pattern could reduce the risk of CRC and CRA in men and women. Promoting a DASH eating plan can be helpful in reducing the risk of CRC

An epidemiological survey of traffic accidents in Kangavar, Iran, in 2014

BACKGROUND: Traffic accidents in Iran are the second leading cause of mortality and the first cause of years of life lost (YLL). This study aims to determine the epidemiology of road traffic accidents referring to Shahid Chamran Hospital of Kangavar, Iran, in 2014. METHODS: This was a cross-sectional descriptive-analytical study. The studied population included all dead and injured patients of traffic accidents referring to Shahid Chamran Hospital in Kangavar in 2014 that by using census sampling method were entered in the study. The data collection tool was a researcher-made checklist involving demographic and traffic variables that were filled by examining hospital records and making phone calls to all participants. Data were analyzed through chi-square and analysis of variance (ANOVA) tests. RESULTS: The mean age of participants was 30.98 ± 17.06 years. 75.81% of the population was men. The average time of traffic accident occurrence was 15:14:47. The majority of injured subjects were motorcycle drivers (32.89%), followed by car passengers (22.41%), and pedestrians (19.64%). Car-motorcycle (29.60%), overturning (28.66%), and car-pedestrian collision (17.45%) were the first three most common types of traffic accidents, respectively. Multiple trauma (42.29%), lower limb trauma (24.88%), and head/neck trauma (17.87%) were the most frequent injuries. There was a statistically significant association between the types of accidents and the variables of marital status, educational level, place of residence, days of the week, seasons, injured person’s condition, type of collision, and the injured organ (P < 0.050). CONCLUSION: Based on the findings, since the majority of casualties in traffic accidents are motorcyclists, it is recommended to review the traffic rules for this group