Out-of-equilibrium phase diagram of long-range superconductors

Within the ultimate goal of classifying universality in quantum many-body dynamics, understanding the relation between out-of-equilibrium and equilibrium criticality is a crucial objective. Models with power-law interactions exhibit rich well-understood critical behavior in equilibrium, but the out-of-equilibrium picture has remained incomplete, despite recent experimental progress. We construct the rich dynamical phase diagram of free-fermionic chains with power-law hopping and pairing, and provide analytic and numerical evidence showing a direct connection between nonanalyticities of the return rate and zero crossings of the string order parameter. Our results may explain the experimental observation of so-called \textit{accidental} dynamical vortices, which appear for quenches within the same topological phase of the Haldane model, as reported in [Fl\"aschner \textit{et al.}, Nature Physics \textbf{14}, 265 (2018)]. Our work is readily applicable to modern ultracold-atom experiments, not least because state-of-the-art quantum gas microscopes can now reliably measure the string order parameter, which, as we show, can serve as an indicator of dynamical criticality.Comment: 17 pages, 9 figures, accepted versio

Ameliorative effect of sixteen weeks endurance training on biochemical and oxidative damage in high fat diet induced obese rats

Obesity is mainly caused by consumption of high fat diet (HFD) and a lack of physical activity. Physical activity is an efficient strategy to delay development of obesity. In this studyv we tried to evaluate attenuating properties of 16 weeks endurance training on plasma oxidative stress and some biochemical parameters in HFD induced obese rats. Twenty-four male Wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups: standard diet group (SD), standard diet with endurance training group (ESD), HFD group and HFD with endurance training group (EHFD). After sixteen weeks, plasma was prepared and evaluated for measurement of different parameters. The results showed that HFD significantly decreased the activities of superoxide dismutase (33.58%), catalase (26.51%) and glutathione S-transferase (22.77%), while endurance training increased these enzymes activities. However, exercise ameliorated the increased malondialdehyde level and depletion of glutathione. In addition, it significantly reduced the increased levels of liver enzymes activities and lipid profiles. These findings suggest that endurance training has found to have beneficial effects against HFD-induced oxidative damage through increasing reduced antioxidants levels and inhibition of lipid peroxidation due to its antioxidant property. Thus, it can be considered an interesting strategy for the management of obesity related diseases

Phytochemical Attributes of Some Dried Fig (Ficus carica L.) Fruit Cultivars Grown in Iran

In the present study, total phenolic, total flavonoids, total anthocyanins, total antioxidant capacity, total soluble solids, colour parameters (such as L*, a*, b*, C*, and H°) and phenolic compounds, including catechin, total catechin, quercetin-3- glucoside, total quercetin, and chlorogenic acid of nine dried fig fruit cultivars in Fars province, Iran, were studied since only limited information on that topic is available in the literature. Results showed that the total phenolic content in ‘Khafrak’ cultivar was significantly higher than other examined cultivars. Regarding to the values of total antioxidant capacity, there were no statistically significant differences among the majority of cultivars except between ‘Khafrak’ and ‘Rowno’. Except for ‘Khafrak’ and ‘Rowno’, TF content in ‘Sigoto’ was significantly higher than the other examined cultivars. Anthocyanin content in all cultivars was negligible and it was not detected in some cultivars. Based on colorimetric results, the lightest skin color was observed in ‘Shahanjir’, while the darker color was in ‘Seyah’. Significant differences were determined among the cultivars with respect to the distribution of phenolic compounds. Catechin and total quercetin contents in ‘Matti’ were significantly higher than the other examined cultivars. Results suggest that chlorogenic acid played a trifling role in determination of antioxidant capacity of the fruits. In addition, the cluster analysis based on Euclidean distance with Unweighted pair-group method using arithmetic average (UPGMA) method separated the cultivars into three main groups

Study of the removal of metronidazole from aqueous solutions using Electro/ Fenton process and graphite and iron electrodes

Background : The indiscriminate consumption of antibiotics and their discharge into the environment have created serious complications. Therefore, it is necessary to remove these contaminants from the aquatic environment.  The antibiotic Metronidazole is a contaminant that should be eliminated from the environment. The aim of this study was to evaluate the use of the Electro-Fenton advanced oxidation process for the removal of metronidazole from aqueous solution. Materials and Methods: This research method was experimental and bench scale. The influence of factors such as solution pH, reaction time, the initial concentration of metronidazole, electric current, and hydrogen peroxide concentration on the removal efficiency were investigated.  Results: In this study, the dose of hydrogen peroxide, electric current, and reaction time had a positive effect on metronidazole removal efficiency, while the initial concentration of metronidazole had a negative effect. The optimal values of variable for the removal of more than 99% metronidazole were: pH =7, current 30v, reaction time 40min, dose of hydrogen peroxide 0.02 mol/l and the initial concentration of metronidazole 10mg/l. Conclusion: The Electro-Fenton process can effectively remove metronidazole from aquatic solutions in environmentally convenient conditions. This process can be used as an efficient method for removing other persistent pollutants from the environment

Ameliorative effect of sixteen weeks endurance training on biochemical and oxidative damage in high fat diet induced obese rats

107-115Obesity is mainly caused by consumption of high fat diet (HFD) and a lack of physical activity. Physical activity is an efficient strategy to delay development of obesity. In this studyv we tried to evaluate attenuating properties of 16 weeks endurance training on plasma oxidative stress and some biochemical parameters in HFD induced obese rats. Twenty-four male Wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups: standard diet group (SD), standard diet with endurance training group (ESD), HFD group and HFD with endurance training group (EHFD). After sixteen weeks, plasma was prepared and evaluated for measurement of different parameters. The results showed that HFD significantly decreased the activities of superoxide dismutase (33.58%), catalase (26.51%) and glutathione S-transferase (22.77%), while endurance training increased these enzymes activities. However, exercise ameliorated the increased malondialdehyde level and depletion of glutathione. In addition, it significantly reduced the increased levels of liver enzymes activities and lipid profiles. These findings suggest that endurance training has found to have beneficial effects against HFD-induced oxidative damage through increasing reduced antioxidants levels and inhibition of lipid peroxidation due to its antioxidant property. Thus, it can be considered an interesting strategy for the management of obesity related diseases

Effect of Lamium Album on Mitochondrial Oxidative Stress in Diabetic Rats

Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is characterized by the presence of hyperglycemia. It has been documented that oxidative stress and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production have a key role in the pathogenesis of diabetes and its complications. Neutrophils as a part of immune system produce ROS, neutrophils function might be altered in diabetes. Lamium album is known to have antioxidant, and free radical scavenging actions. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the potential effect of L. album on mitochondrial ROS production from circulating neutrophils in diabetic rats. Materials and Methods: Twenty-one male Wistar rats were randomly divided into three groups: normal control rats receiving daily saline; diabetic control rats receiving daily saline; and diabetic rats treated daily with hydroalcoholic extract of L. album (100 mg/kg) for 28 days. On the 28thday of treatment, whole blood samples were obtained and mitochondrial ROS of neutrophils were measured by dihydrorhodamine (DHR) flow cytometric method. Also, fasting blood sugar (FBS) was measured. Results: Mitochondrial ROS didn’t show any significant differences among diabetic rats treated with L. album extract, diabetic control rats, and normal control rats (P=0.8). Serum glucose in diabetic control was significantly higher than normal control rats (P=0.0001). However, L. album caused a remarkable decrease in serum glucose of diabetic rats (P=0.03). Conclusion: According to the present findings, it seems that L. album at a dose of 100 mg/kg could not decrease mitochondrial ROS production from neutrophils in diabetic rats. Further studies considering higher concentrations of L. album are appreciated to evaluate its impact on the production of mitochondrial ROS along with extracellular ROS in diabetes condition