De las catacumbas a los últimos confines: violencia, sentido y representación en los periplos del martirio

En este trabajo propongo un análisis transversal de las figuras del mártir y del martirio. Recurriendo a la noción de mediación, en la primera parte analizo el rol protagónico de las representaciones del martirio en las prácticas de la memoria durante la segunda mitad del siglo XVI. Analizo algunas de las condiciones que contribuyeron a la emergencia de una "cultura del martirio" y el rol de las mediaciones en tal surgimiento. En la segunda parte, estudio la forma en que el (re)descubrimiento de las catacumbas romanas, abrió un campo de producción de sentido en torno a la figura del martirio. En la tercera parte, centrándome en la Compañía de Jesús, analizo algunas mediaciones a través de las cuáles las figuras del martirio transgredieron las fronteras de iglesias y conventos para proyectarse a los últimos confines en un mundo en plena expansión.Neste artigo proponho uma análise transversal das figuras do mártir e do martírio. Usando a noção de mediação, na primeira parte eu tento analisar o papel de liderança de representações de martírio em práticas de memória durante a segunda metade do século XVI. Eu analiso algumas das condições que contribuíram para o surgimento de uma "cultura do martírio" e o papel da mediação nesta emergência. Na segunda parte, eu estudo como a (re) descoberta das catacumbas romanas abriu um campo de produção de significados em torno da figura do martírio. Na terceira parte, com foco na Companhia de Jesus, analiso algumas mediações pelas quais as representações do martírio transgrediram as fronteiras de igrejas e conventos para se projetar nas fronteiras de um mundo em plena expansão mundial.This paper proposes a cross-sectional analysis of martyr and martyrdom. Through the notion of mediation, in the first part I analyze the leading role of representations of martyrdom in memory practices during the second half of the sixteenth century. I analyze some of the conditions that contributed to the emergence of a "martyrdom's culture" and the role of mediation in such emergence. The second part studies how the (re)discovery of the Roman catacombs encouraged the production of meanings around the figure of martyrdom. In the third part, focusing on the Society of Jesus, I analyze a few instances of mediation through which the figures of martyrdom transgressed the boundaries of churches and convents to project themselves to the last frontiers of a world in full expansion.Fil: Salamanca Villamizar, Carlos Arturo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentin

CLEANSPACE - Space debris removal by ground based laser

Studies show that the number of debris in Low Earth Orbit is exponentially growing despite future debris release mitigation measures considered. Especially, the already existing population of small and medium debris (between 1 cm and several dozens of cm) is today a concrete threat to operational satellites. Ground based laser solution which can remove at low expense and in a non-destructive way hazardous debris around selected space assets appears as one highly promising answer. This solution is studied in the frame of CLEANSPACE project which is a part of the FP7 space theme. Overall CLEANSPACE objective is threefold: to propose an efficient and affordable global system architecture, to tackle safety regulation aspects, political implications and future collaborations, to develop affordable technological bricks and to establish roadmap for the development and the future implantation of a fully functional laser protection system. This paper will present the progress of the CLEANSPACE project

Space debris removal by ground-based lasers: main conclusions of the European project CLEANSPACE

Studies show that the number of debris in low Earth orbit is exponentially growing despite future debris release mitigation measures considered. Specifically, the already existing population of small and medium debris (between 1 cm and several dozens of cm) is today a concrete threat to operational satellites. A ground-based laser solution which can remove, at low expense and in a nondestructive way, hazardous debris around selected space assets appears as a highly promising answer. This solution is studied within the framework of the CLEANSPACE project which is part of the FP7 space program. The overall CLEANSPACE objective is: to propose an efficient and affordable global system architecture, to tackle safety regulation aspects, political implications and future collaborations, to develop affordable technological bricks, and to establish a roadmap for the development and the future implantation of a fully functional laser protection system. This paper will present the main conclusions of the CLEANSPACE project

Final Report of CBRNEmap : A better preparedness and response for European citizens facing CBRNE Threats

CBRNEmap was a pre-study to the upcoming CBRNE technology demonstrator. Accordingly, considerable efforts were used to describe the feasibility and to sort out a number of basic requirements of the contemplated demonstrator object. This report deals with two areas deemed important when constructing a civilian CBRNE system of systems, its limitations and some suggested specifications: A useful CBRNE system of systems will improve and connect important societal functions vital before, during and after a CBRNE accident and/or attack. CBRNEmap identifies three clusters of activities as the most important when making our society resilient to CBRNE. These are, the cluster of activities making up the response function, the cluster of activities defining the function to protect identified targets and the cluster of societal investments enabling Europe to become more resilient. As examples and as a source of inspiration the three societal functions described above (response, protect and enabling) were used to discuss the CBRNE technology demonstrator. The demonstrator objects were populated by technologies and thereafter discussed with respect to choice of scenarios, choice of parameters to be used for its validation and with respect to its market value. Based on its conclusions, its working process and its interaction with external partners CBRNEmap recommends that: The use of Integrated Project Teams will be given priority when evaluating the upcoming demonstrator objects. The European Commission does everything possible to ensure that the results of previous “EU project” get integrated into the upcoming demonstrator object. Appropriate limitations and projections are made to the CBRNE system of systems perspective, in order to produce a CBRNE demonstrator serving the societal functions responsible or operational active. Considerable efforts are given to validating the improvements and/or added value of the demonstrator object. The cluster of societal investment we refer to as the enabler is further investigated in a future SSA