Population Biology Of Ampithoidae Species (crustacea, Amphipoda) Associated With Sargassum Filipendula (phaeophyta, Fucales), At Fortaleza Beach, Ubatuba, São Paulo, Brazil [biologia Populacional Das Espécies De Ampithoidae (crustacea, Amphipoda) Associadas A Sargassum Filipendula (phaeophyta, Fucales) Na Praia Da Fortaleza, Ubatuba, São Paulo, Brasil]

The population biology of three species of the family Ampithoidae (Ampithoe ramondi, Cymadusa filosa e Sunampithoe pelagica) associated with Sargassum filipendula at Fortaleza beach, northern coast of São Paulo state was investigated from June 2000 to May 2001. The amphipods were identified, counted and separated in size classes through a nested sieve set. Month hystograms were obtained for juveniles, males and females. The ampithoid sex ratio was determined monthly. The reproductive biology of the species was evaluated by the relative frequency of ovigerous females, fecundity, average egg volume and correlation analysis between head lengh of ovigerous females and number of eggs in its brood pouch. Ampithoe ramondi was the most abundant species. The higher densities of the three species occurred in spring and summer. The sex ratio presented a significant difference from 1:1 only for A. ramondi (1:1.2; χ2 = 4.37; g.l. = 1; p < 0.05). Ovigerous females were registered for almost all the sampling periods. A positive correlation between the female head lengh and the number of eggs were only registered for A. ramondi (r2 = 0.27; p < 0.05; n = 33). Cymadusa filosa showed the greatest fecundity and egg volume.23412071216AYRES, M., AYRES JR, M., AYRES, D.L., SANTOS, A.S., BioEstat 3.0: Aplicações estatísticas nas áreas das Ciências Bioló gicas e Médicas (2003) Belém, Sociedade Civil Mamirauá, MCTCNPq, Conservation International, XII+291pBARNARD, J.L., KARAMAN, G.S., (1991) The families and genera of marine gammaridean Amphipoda (except marine gammaroids), 13 (1), pp. 1-417. , Records of the Australian Museum Suplement, SydneyBARNARD, J.L., KARAMAN, G.S., (1991) The families and genera of marine gammaridean amphipoda (except marine gammaroids), 13 (2), pp. 419-866. , Records of the Australian Museum Suplement, SydneyBARRETO, C.C., Heterogeneidade espacial do habitat e diversidade específica: Implicações ecológicas e métodos de mensuração (1999) Oecologia Brasiliensis, 84, pp. 158-163. , Rio de JaneiroBOUSFIELD, E.E., (1973) Shallow-water gammaridean Amphipoda of New England, , London, Comstock Publishing, Cornell University Press, 312pBRAWLEY, S.H., ADEY, W.H., The effects of micrograzers on algal community structure in a coral reef microcosm (1981) Marine Biology, 61, pp. 167-178. , BerlimBUSCHMANN, A.H., GOMEZ, P., Interaction mechanisms between Gracilaria chilensis (Rodophyta, Gigartinales) and epiphytes (1993) Hydrobiologia, 261, pp. 345-351. , DordrechtCARDOSO, R.S., VELOSO, V.G., Embryonic development and reproductive strategy of Pseudorchestoidea brasiliensis (Amphipoda, Talitridae) at Prainha Beach, Brazil (2001) Journal of Natural History, London, 35, pp. 201-211CONLAN, K.E., Amphipod crustaceans and environmental disturbance: A review (1994) Journal of Natural History, London, 28, pp. 519-554DUBIASKI-SILVA, J., MASUNARI, S., Ecologia populacional dos Amphipoda (Crustacea) dos fitais de Caiobá, Matinhos, Paraná, Brasil (1995) Revista Brasileira de Zoologia, 12 (2), pp. 373-396. , CuritibaDUFFY, J.E., Amphipods on seaweeds: Partners or pests? (1990) Oecologia, Berlin, 83, pp. 267-276EDGAR, G.J. 1983a. The ecology of south-east Tasmanian phytal animal communities. I. Spatial organization on a local scale. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology, Amsterdam, 70: 129-157EDGAR, G.J. 1983b. The ecology of south-east Tasmanian phytal animal communities. IV. Factors affecting the distribution of ampithoid amphipods among algae. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology, Amsterdam, 70: 205-225EDGAR, G.J., Population regulation, population dynamics and competition amongst mobile epifauna associated with seagrass (1990) Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology, 144, pp. 205-234. , AmsterdamEDGAR, G.J., MOORE, P.G., Macro-algae as habitats for motile macrofauna (1986) Monografias Biologicas, 4, pp. 255-277. , BarcelonaGABLE, M.F. & R.A. CROOKER. 1977. The salt marsh amphipod Gammarus palustris Bousfield, 1969 at the northern limit of its distribution. I. Ecology and life cycle. Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science, Amsterdam, 5 (1): 123-134GIANGRANDE, A., GERACI, S., BELMONTE, G., Life cycles and life history diversity in marine invertebrates and the implications in community dynamics (1994) Oceanography and Marine, 32, pp. 305-333. , Biology, AberdeenHAMILTON, W.O., Extraordinary sex ratio (1967) Science, Washington, 156, pp. 44-488HOLMLUND, M., PETERSON, C.H., HAY, M.E., Does algal morphology affect amphipod susceptibility to fish predation? (1990) Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology, 139, pp. 65-83. , AmsterdamJACOBUCCI, G.B.D. MORETTIE.M. SILVA & F.P.P. LEITE. 2002. Caprellid amphipods on Sargassum cymosum (Phaeophyta): Depth distribution and population biology. Nauplius, Botucatu, 10 (1): 27-36JACOBUCCI, G.B., LEITE, F.P.P., Distribuição vertical e flutuação sazonal da macrofauna vágil associada a Sargassum cymosum C. Agardh, na praia do Lázaro, Ubatuba, São Paulo, Brasil (2002) Revista Brasileira de Zoologia, 19 (SUPL. 1), pp. 87-100. , CuritibaLEITE, F.P.P., Fecundidade de sete espécies de gamarídeos (Crustacea, Amphipoda, Gammaridea) associados à alga Sargassum cymosum (1996) Iheringia, Série Zoologia, 80, pp. 39-45. , Porto AlegreLEITE, F.P.P., Alterações morfológicas dos estádios de crescimento de Amphilocus neapolitanus, Della Valle (Gammaridea, Amphilochidae) e Amphithoe ramondi (Gammaridea, Ampithoidae), anfípodes associados à alga Sargassum cymosum (1996) Revista Brasileira de Zoologia, 13 (1), pp. 47-60. , CuritibaLEITE, F.P.P., Crescimento e reprodução de Hyale media Dana (Amphipoda, Gammaridae, Hyalidae) associada a Sargassum cymosum C. Agardh (1996) Revista Brasileira de Zoologia, 13 (3), pp. 597-606. , CuritibaLEITE, F.P.P. & A. TURRA. 2003. Temporal variation in Sargassum biomass, Hypnea epiphytism and associated fauna. Brazilian Archives of Biology and Technology, Curitiba, 46 (4): 665-671LEITE, F.P.P., WAKABARA, Y., TARARAM, A.S., On the morphological variation of the oostegites of gammaridean species (1986) Crustaceana, 51 (1), pp. 72-94. , LeidenLEITE, F.P.P., TURRA, A., SOUZA, E.C.F., Population biology and distribution of the tanaid Kalliapseudes schubarti Mañé-Garzon, 1949, in an intertidal flat in southeastern Brazil (2003) Brazilian Journal of Biology, 63 (3), pp. 469-479. , São CarlosLEITE, F.P.P., GÜTH, A.Z., Variações morfológicas dos estágios pós-marsupiais de Sunampithoe pelagica Milne-Edwards (Crustacea, Amphipoda, Gammaridea, Ampithoidae) da fauna de Sargassum cymosum C. Agardh (2003) Revista Brasileira de Zoologia, 20 (1), pp. 65-73. , CuritibaLEITE, F.P.P., GÜTH, A.Z., JACOBUCCI, G.B., Temporal comparison of gammaridean amphipods of Sargassum cymosum on two rocky shores in southeastern Brazil (2000) Nauplius, 8 (2), pp. 227-236. , BotucatuLOPES, O.L. & S. MASUNARI. 2004. Biologia reprodutiva de Tali troides topitotum (Burt) (Crustacea, Amphipoda, Talitridae) na Serra do Mar, Guaratuba, Paraná, Brasil. Revista Brasileira de Zoologia, Curitiba, 21 (4): 755-759MORINO, H., Studies on the Talitridae (Amphipoda, Crustacea) in Japan III. Life history and breed activity of Orchestia platensis Kröyer. Publications of Seto Marine Biology Laboratory (1978) Wakayama, 24, pp. 245-267MYERS, A.A., (1985) Shallow-water, coral reef and mangrove Amphipoda (Gammaridea) of Fiji, 5, pp. 1-143. , Records of the Australian Museum Suplement, SydneyNELSON, W.G., Experimental studies of selective predation on amphipods: Consequences for amphipod distribution and abundance (1979) Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology, 38, pp. 225-245. , AmsterdamNORTON, T.A., BENSON, M.R., (1983) Ecological interactions between the brown seaweed Sargassum muticum and its associated fauna, 75, pp. 169-177. , Marine Biology, LeidenORTH, R.J., VAN MONTFRANS, J., Epiphyte-seagrass relationship with an emphasis on the role of micrograzing: A review (1984) Aquatic Botany, 18, pp. 43-69. , AmsterdamPAULA, E.J., OLIVEIRA FILHO, E.C., Phenology of two populations of Sargassum cymosum (Phaeophyta - Fucales) of São Paulo State coast, Brazil (1980) Boletim de Botânica, 8, pp. 21-39. , São PauloROBERTSON, A.I., HOWARD, R.K., (1978) Diel trophic interactions between vertically migrating zooplankton and their fish predators in an eelgrass community, 48, pp. 207-213. , Marine Biology, LeidenRUFFO, S., (1982) The Amphipoda of the Mediterranean, Part 1, Gammaridea (Acanthonotozomatidae to Gammaridae), 13, pp. 1-364. , Memoires d'Institute Oceanographique, MonacoSAINTE-MARIE, B., A review of the reproductive bionomics of aquatic gammaridean amphipods: Variation of life history traits with latitude, depth, salinity and superfamily (1991) Hydrobiologia, 223, pp. 189-227. , DordrechtSALA, E., The role of fishes in the organization of a Mediterranean sublitoral community. I: Epifaunal communities (1997) Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology, 212, pp. 45-60. , AmsterdamSTEELE, V.J., The effect of photoperiod on the reproductive cycle of Gammarus lawrencianus Bousfield (1981) Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology, 53, pp. 1-7. , AmsterdamSTEELE, D.H. & V.J. STEELE. 1975. The biology of Gammarus (Crustacea, Amphipoda) in the northwestern Atlantic. XI. Comparison and discussion. Canadian Journal of Zoology, Ottawa, 53: 1116-1126SZÉCHY, M.T.M., PAULA, E.J., Padrões estruturais quantitativos em bancos de Sargassum (Phaeophyta, Fucales) do litoral dos estados do Rio de Janeiro e São Paulo, Brasil (2000) Revista Brasileira de Botânica, 23 (2), pp. 121-132. , São PauloTANAKA, M.O., LEITE, F.P.P., The effect of sieve mesh size on the abundance and composition of macrophyte-associated macrofaunal assemblages (1998) Hydrobiologia, 389, pp. 21-28. , DordrechtTANAKA, M.O. & F.P.P. LEITE. 2003. Spatial scaling in the distribution of macrofauna associated with Sargassum stenophylum (Mertens) martius: analyses of faunal groups, gammarid life habits, and assemblage structure. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology, Amsterdam, 293 (1): 1-22TANAKA, M.O., LEITE, F.P.P., Distance effects on short-term recolonization of Sargassum stenophyllum by mobile epifauna, with an analysis of gammarid life habits (2004) Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom, 84 (5), pp. 901-910. , PlymouthTARARAM, A.S., WAKABARA, Y., The mobile fauna - especially Gammaridea - of Sargassum cymosum. Marine Ecology Progress Series (1981) Amelinghausen, 5, pp. 157-163TARARAM, A.S., WAKABARA, Y., (1982) Notes on the feeding of Blennius cristatus Linnaeus from a rocky pool of Itanhaém, São Paulo state, 31 (2), pp. 1-3. , Boletim do Instituto Oceanográfico, São PauloVALÉRIO-BERARDO, M.T. & M.N. FLYNN. 2002. Composition and seasonality of an amphipod community associated to the algae Bryocladia thyrsigera. Brazilian Journal of Biology, São Carlos, 62 (4A): 735-742VALÉRIO-BERARDO, M.T., FLYNN, M.N., Population biology of Hyale nigra (Haswell, 1979) (Amphipoda, Hyalidae) associated to Bryocladia thyrsigera (J. Agardh) at Peruíbe, Itanhaém beach, southeastern Brazil (2004) Nauplius, 12 (1), pp. 1-10. , BotucatuVAN DOLAH, R.F., BIRD, E., Factors regulating the distribution and population dynamics of the amphipod Gammarus palustris in an intertidal salt marsh community (1978) Ecological Monographs, 48, pp. 191-217. , IthacaWAKABARA, Y., TARARAM, A.S., TAKEDA, A.M., Comparative study of the amphipod fauna living on Sargassum of two Itanhaém shores, Brazil. Journal of Crustacean Biology (1983) Kansas, 3 (4), pp. 602-607WAKABARA, Y., FLYNN, M., TARARAM, A.S., Ingestion and selection of suprabenthic crustaceans by small-sized fishes in a lower saltmarsh system (1996) Revista Brasileira de Oceanografia, 44, pp. 89-103. , São PauloWENNER, A.M., Sex ratio as a function of size in marine Crustacea (1972) American Naturalist, 106, pp. 321-350. , ChicagoWILLIAMS, S.L., RUCKELSHAUS, M.H., Effects of nitrogen availability and herbivory on eelgrass (Zostera marina) and epiphytes (1993) Ecology, 74 (3), pp. 904-918. , Durha