29 research outputs found
Emerging chiral edge states from the confinement of a magnetic Weyl semimetal in CoSnS
The quantum anomalous Hall effect (QAHE) and magnetic Weyl semimetals (WSMs)
are topological states induced by intrinsic magnetic moments and spin-orbit
coupling. Their similarity suggests the possibility of achieving the QAHE by
dimensional confinement of a magnetic WSM along one direction. In this study,
we investigate the emergence of the QAHE in the two-dimensional (2D) limit of
magnetic WSMs due to finite size effects in thin films and step-edges. We
demonstrate the feasibility of this approach with effective models and real
materials. To this end, we have chosen the layered magnetic WSM
CoSnS, which features a large anomalous Hall conductivity and
anomalous Hall angle in its 3D bulk, as our material candidate. In the 2D limit
of CoSnS two QAHE states exist depending on the stoichiometry of
the 2D layer. One is a semimetal with a Chern number of 6, and the other is an
insulator with a Chern number of 3. The latter has a band gap of 0.05 eV, which
is much larger than that in magnetically doped topological insulators. Our
findings naturally explain the existence of chiral states in step edges of bulk
CoSnS which habe been reported in a recent experiment at
and present a realistic avenue to realize QAH states in thin films of magnetic
WSMs.Comment: Revised 3rd version of the manuscrip
Dzyaloshinkii-Moriya Interaction and Hall Effects in Bulk Chiral Magnets from First Principle Calculations
In this dissertation I will discuss the effect of real, momentum, and mixed space Berry phases in B20 compounds: MnSi, Mn1-xFexGe, and Fe1-yCoyGe. Recently there has been a tremendous experimental effort in stabilizing skyrmion crystal phases in these systems. We calculate, from state of the art first principle calculations, the Dzyaloshiniskii-Moriya interaction (DMI), the anomalous Hall effect (AHE), and the topological Hall effect (THE). These three effects are intimately related through Berry phase physics, where I test how the strength of the exchange interactions and spin-orbit coupling play a role in the underlying physics for these systems. In this dissertation, I compare the strength of different first principle methods in calculating magnetic ground state properties in B20 compounds. In this, I see that Full Potential Linearized Augmented Plane Wave Method treats different magnetic states most accurately. Calculations of spin-spiral states are performed in these B20 compounds showing long wavelength spin-spirals due to the interaction of the exchange stiffness and the DMI field. The DMI in these materials reaches maxima and minima with alloying concentration due the hybridization of d-states, which I complement with an intuitive tight-binding model. The AHE is also calculated in these materials and shows remarkable agreement with experimental measurements. Whereas the THE agrees in sign for these materials and quantitatively in the FeGe, the values in MnGe predict smaller values. This discrepancy, where the DMI is also smaller than expected, is attributed to breakdown of the adiabatic theorem, where in MnGe, the magnetic texture rotates too quickly to capture the real space Berry phase physics. The work of this dissertation is compared with computational results that have followed and ongoing experimental studies
Topological Hall effect in thin films of MnPtSn
Spin chirality in metallic materials with non-coplanar magnetic order can
give rise to a Berry phase induced topological Hall effect. Here, we report the
observation of a large topological Hall effect in high-quality films of
MnPtSn that were grown by means of magnetron sputtering on MgO(001).
The topological Hall resistivity is present up to T below
the spin reorientation transition temperature, ~K. We find, that the
maximum topological Hall resistivity is of comparable magnitude as the
anomalous Hall resistivity. Owing to the size, the topological Hall effect is
directly evident prior to the customarily performed subtraction of magnetometry
data. Further, we underline the robustness of the topological Hall effect in
Mn\textsubscript{2-x}PtSn by extracting the effect for multiple stoichiometries
(x~=~0.5, 0.25, 0.1) and film thicknesses (t = 104, 52, 35~nm) with maximum
topological Hall resistivities between cm and
cm at 150~K.Comment: 6 pages, 5 figure
Anisotropic Topological Hall Effect with Real and Momentum Space Berry Curvature in the Antiskrymion Hosting Heusler Compound MnPtSn
The topological Hall effect (THE) is one of the key signatures of
topologically non-trivial magnetic spin textures, wherein electrons feel an
additional transverse voltage to the applied current. The magnitude of THE is
often small compared to the anomalous Hall effect. Here, we find a large THE of
0.9 cm that is of the same order of the anomalous Hall effect in the
single crystalline antiskyrmion hosting Heusler compound MnPtSn, a
non-centrosymmetric tetragonal compound. The THE is highly anisotropic and
survives in the whole temperature range where the spin structure is noncoplanar
(<170 K). The THE is zero above the spin reorientation transition temperature
of 170 K, where the magnetization will have a collinear and ferromagnetic
alignment. The large value of the THE entails a significant contribution from
the momentum space Berry curvature along with real space Berry curvature, which
has never been observed earlier
Aviram-Ratner rectifying mechanism for DNA base pair sequencing through graphene nanogaps
We demonstrate that biological molecules such as Watson-Crick DNA base pairs
can behave as biological Aviram-Ratner electrical rectifiers because of the
spatial separation and weak hydrogen bonding between the nucleobases. We have
performed a parallel computational implementation of the ab-initio
non-equilibrium Green's function (NEGF) theory to determine the electrical
response of graphene---base-pair---graphene junctions. The results show an
asymmetric (rectifying) current-voltage response for the Cytosine-Guanine base
pair adsorbed on a graphene nanogap. In sharp contrast we find a symmetric
response for the Thymine-Adenine case. We propose applying the asymmetry of the
current-voltage response as a sensing criterion to the technological challenge
of rapid DNA sequencing via graphene nanogaps
Thickness dependence of the anomalous Hall effect in thin films of the topological semimetal CoMnGa
Topological magnetic semimetals promise large Berry curvature through the
distribution of the topological Weyl nodes or nodal lines and further novel
physics with exotic transport phenomena. We present a systematic study of the
structural and magnetotransport properties of CoMnGa films from thin (20
nm) to bulk like behavior (80 nm), in order to understand the underlying
mechanisms and the role on the topology. The magnetron sputtered CoMnGa
films are -ordered showing very good heteroepitaxy and a
strain-induced tetragonal distortion. The anomalous Hall conductivity was found
to be maximum at a value of 1138 S/cm, with a corresponding anomalous Hall
angle of 13 %, which is comparatively larger than topologically trivial metals.
There is a good agreement between the theoretical calculations and the Hall
conductivity observed for the 80 nm film, which suggest that the effect is
intrinsic. Thus, the CoMnGa compound manifests as a promising material
towards topologically-driven spintronic applications.Comment: 7 pages, 5 figures, 1 tabl
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Topological Hall effect in thin films of Mn1.5PtSn
Spin chirality in metallic materials with noncoplanar magnetic order can give rise to a Berry phase induced topological Hall effect. Here, we report the observation of a large topological Hall effect in high-quality films of Mn1.5PtSn that were grown by means of magnetron sputtering on MgO(001). The topological Hall resistivity is present up to μ0H≈4T below the spin reorientation transition temperature, Ts=185 K. We find that the maximum topological Hall resistivity is of comparable magnitude as the anomalous Hall resistivity. Owing to the size, the topological Hall effect is directly evident prior to the customarily performed subtraction of magnetometry data. Further, we underline the robustness of the topological Hall effect in Mn2-xPtSn by extracting the effect for multiple stoichiometries (x=0.5,0.25,0.1) and film thicknesses (t=104,52,35 nm) with maximum topological Hall resistivities between 0.76 and 1.55μΩcm at 150 K. © 2019 authors. Published by the American Physical Society. Published by the American Physical Society under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license. Further distribution of this work must maintain attribution to the author(s) and the published article's title, journal citation, and DOI