26 research outputs found
Bacteriophage M13 Aggregation on a Microhole Poly(ethylene-terephthalate) Substrate Produces an Anionic Current Rectifier::Sensitivity toward Anionic versus Cationic Guests
Processes associated with ionic current rectification at a 2D-titanate nanosheet deposit on a microhole poly(ethylene terephthalate) substrate
Films of titanate nanosheets (approx. 1.8-nm layer thickness and 200-nm size) having a lamellar structure can form electrolyte-filled semi-permeable channels containing tetrabutylammonium cations. By evaporation of a colloidal solution, persistent deposits are readily formed with approx. 10-μm thickness on a 6-μm-thick poly(ethylene-terephthalate) (PET) substrate with a 20-μm diameter microhole. When immersed in aqueous solution, the titanate nanosheets exhibit a p.z.c. of − 37 mV, consistent with the formation of a cation conducting (semi-permeable) deposit. With a sufficiently low ionic strength in the aqueous electrolyte, ionic current rectification is observed (cationic diode behaviour). Currents can be dissected into (i) electrolyte cation transport, (ii) electrolyte anion transport and (iii) water heterolysis causing additional proton transport. For all types of electrolyte cations, a water heterolysis mechanism is observed. For Ca 2+ and Mg 2+ ions, water heterolysis causes ion current blocking, presumably due to localised hydroxide-induced precipitation processes. Aqueous NBu 4 + is shown to ‘invert’ the diode effect (from cationic to anionic diode). Potential for applications in desalination and/or ion sensing are discussed. [Figure not available: see fulltext.]. </p
Coordination in the Science System: Theoretical Framework and a Case Study of an Intermediary Organization
Processes associated with ionic current rectification at a 2D-titanate nanosheet deposit on a microhole poly(ethylene terephthalate) substrate
Films of titanate nanosheets (approx. 1.8-nm layer thickness and 200-nm size)
having a lamellar structure can form electrolytefilled semi-permeable channels
containing tetrabutylammonium cations. By evaporation of a colloidal solution,
persistent deposits are readily formed with approx. 10 micrometer thickness on
a 6-micrometer-thick poly(ethylene-terephthalate) (PET) substrate with a 20
micrometer diameter microhole. When immersed in aqueous solution, the titanate
nanosheets exhibit a p.z.c. of -37 mV, consistent with the formation of a
cation conducting (semi-permeable) deposit. With a sufficiently low ionic
strength in the aqueous electrolyte, ionic current rectification is observed
(cationic diode behaviour). Currents can be dissected into (i) electrolyte
cation transport, (ii) electrolyte anion transport and (iii) water heterolysis
causing additional proton transport. For all types of electrolyte cations, a
water heterolysis mechanism is observed. For Ca2+ and Mg2+ ions, water
heterolysis causes ion current blocking, presumably due to localised
hydroxide-induced precipitation processes. Aqueous NBu4+ is shown to invert the
diode effect (from cationic to anionic diode). Potential for applications in
desalination and/or ion sensing are discusse
The balancing role of evaluation mechanisms in organizational governance—The case of publicly funded research institutions
Recall – A way to mitigate adverse effects of unemployment on earnings across occupations?
Sectoral Innovation Systems, Corporate Strategies, and Competitiveness of the German Economy in a Globalised World
Processes associated with ionic current rectification at a 2D-titanate nanosheet deposit on a microhole poly(ethylene terephthalate) substrate
Films of titanate nanosheets (approx. 1.8-nm layer thickness and 200-nm size) having a lamellar structure can form electrolyte-filled semi-permeable channels containing tetrabutylammonium cations. By evaporation of a colloidal solution, persistent deposits are readily formed with approx. 10-μm thickness on a 6-μm-thick poly(ethylene-terephthalate) (PET) substrate with a 20-μm diameter microhole. When immersed in aqueous solution, the titanate nanosheets exhibit a p.z.c. of − 37 mV, consistent with the formation of a cation conducting (semi-permeable) deposit. With a sufficiently low ionic strength in the aqueous electrolyte, ionic current rectification is observed (cationic diode behaviour). Currents can be dissected into (i) electrolyte cation transport, (ii) electrolyte anion transport and (iii) water heterolysis causing additional proton transport. For all types of electrolyte cations, a water heterolysis mechanism is observed. For Ca
2+
and Mg
2+
ions, water heterolysis causes ion current blocking, presumably due to localised hydroxide-induced precipitation processes. Aqueous NBu
4
+
is shown to ‘invert’ the diode effect (from cationic to anionic diode). Potential for applications in desalination and/or ion sensing are discussed. [Figure not available: see fulltext.]
</p