Textile composite fuselage structures development

Phase 2 of the NASA ACT Contract (NAS1-18888), Advanced Composite Structural Concepts and Materials Technology for Transport Aircraft Structures, focuses on textile technology, with resin transfer molding or powder coated tows. The use of textiles has the potential for improving damage tolerance, reducing cost and saving weight. This program investigates resin transfer molding (RTM), as a maturing technology for high fiber volume primary structures and powder coated tows as an emerging technology with a high potential for significant cost savings and superior structural properties. Powder coated tow technology has promise for significantly improving the processibility of high temperature resins such as polyimides

Improved Constraints on Isotropic Shift and Anisotropies of the Speed of Light using Rotating Cryogenic Sapphire Oscillators

We demonstrate that Michelson-Morley tests, which detect direction-dependent anisotropies in the speed of light, can also be used to place limits upon isotropic deviations of the vacuum speed of light from $c$, as described by the photon sector Standard Model Extension (SME) parameter $\tilde{\kappa}_{tr}$. A shift in the speed of light that is isotropic in one inertial frame implies anisotropic shifts in others. Using observer Lorentz covariance, we derive the time-dependent variations in the relative resonance frequencies of a pair of electromagnetic resonators that would be generated by such a shift in the rest frame of the Sun. A new analysis of a recent experimental test of relativity using this result constrains $\tilde{\kappa}_{tr}$ with a precision of $7.4\times10^{-9}$. This represents the first constraint on $\tilde{\kappa}_{tr}$ by a Michelson-Morley experiment and the first analysis of a single experiment to simultaneously set limits on all nine non-birefringent terms in the photon sector of the SME

Incorporating spatial dependence into a multicellular tumor spheroid growth model

Recent models for organism and tumor growth yield simple scaling laws based on conservation of energy. Here, we extend such a model to include spatial dependence to model necrotic core formation. We adopt the allometric equation for tumor volume with a reaction-diffusion equation for nutrient concentration. In addition, we assume that the total metabolic energy and average cellular metabolic rate depend on nutrient concentration in a Michaelis-Menten-like manner. From experimental results, we relate the necrotic volume to nutrient consumption and estimate both the time and nutrient concentration at necrotic core formation. Based on experimental results, we demand that the necrotic core radius varies linearly with tumor radius after core formation and extend the equations for tumor volume and nutrient concentration to the postnecrotic core regime. In particular, we obtain excellent agreement with experimental data and the final steady-state viable rim thickness.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/87333/2/124701_1.pd

The permeability of SPION over an artificial three-layer membrane is enhanced by external magnetic field

BACKGROUND: Sensorineural hearing loss, a subset of all clinical hearing loss, may be correctable through the use of gene therapy. We are testing a delivery system of therapeutics through a 3 cell-layer round window membrane model (RWM model) that may provide an entry of drugs or genes to the inner ear. We designed an in vitro RWM model similar to the RWM (will be referred to throughout the paper as RWM model) to determine the feasibility of using superparamagnetic iron oxide (Fe(3)O(4)) nanoparticles (SPION) for targeted delivery of therapeutics to the inner ear. The RWM model is a 3 cell-layer model with epithelial cells cultured on both sides of a small intestinal submucosal (SIS) matrix and fibroblasts seeded in between. Dextran encapsulated nanoparticle clusters 130 nm in diameter were pulled through the RWM model using permanent magnets with flux density 0.410 Tesla at the pole face. The SIS membranes were harvested at day 7 and then fixed in 4% paraformaldehyde. Transmission electron microscopy and fluorescence spectrophotometry were used to verify transepithelial transport of the SPION across the cell-culture model. Histological sections were examined for evidence of SPION toxicity, as well to generate a timeline of the position of the SPION at different times. SPION also were added to cells in culture to assess in vitro toxicity. RESULTS: Transepithelial electrical resistance measurements confirmed epithelial confluence, as SPION crossed a membrane consisting of three co-cultured layers of cells, under the influence of a magnetic field. Micrographs showed SPION distributed throughout the membrane model, in between cell layers, and sometimes on the surface of cells. TEM verified that the SPION were pulled through the membrane into the culture well below. Fluorescence spectrophotometry quantified the number of SPION that went through the SIS membrane. SPION showed no toxicity to cells in culture. CONCLUSION: A three-cell layer model of the human round window membrane has been constructed. SPION have been magnetically transported through this model, allowing quantitative evaluation of prospective targeted drug or gene delivery through the RWM. Putative in vivo carrier superparamagnetic nanoparticles may be evaluated using this model

Functional Movement Screentm Scores in Collegiate Track and Field Athletes in Relation to Injury Risk and Performance

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between Functional Movement Screentm (FMS) scores, injury rate, and performance in collegiate track and field athletes. Methods: Forty seven male (n=17) and female (n=30) competitive track and field athletes at an NCAA Division I university volunteered for this study. As part of their regular team assessment, the athletes were evaluated on three separate occasions using the FMS tool: in August, one week prior to the start of university organized practice for the fall (T1); in December, one week prior to the end of the fall academic semester (T2); and in March, the week following the conclusion of the indoor competition season (T3). The FMS consists of the performance of seven fundamental movement patterns that are evaluated and scored by a trained professional. For each time point, athletes were divided into two categories based on total FMS score (≤14 and ≥15). Throughout the competitive season, injuries were tracked and categorized as either mild (no loss of practice or competition time) or moderate/severe (loss of practice or competition time). As part of an ongoing injury prevention program, athletes performed generalized corrective exercises for 15 min 2-3 times per week. The performance in the last event of the season (conference meet) was also recorded. Results: Average FMS scores significantly (p\u3c0.05) decreased across the three time points (Mean ± SD, T1: 15.5 ± 2.2, T2: 14.9 ± 1.8, T3: 14.7 ± 1.6) despite that generalized corrective exercises were performed. Analyses of results found no association between FMS scores and likelihood to sustain a moderate/severe injury. Athletes with a score of ≤14 on the FMS at T1 were 3.1 times more likely not to place in the top 8 at the conference meet. 53% of the athletes who had a score of ≥15 at T1 placed in the top 8 at the meet while only 27% of athletes with a score of ≤14 at T1 placed in the top 8 at the meet. Conclusion: FMS scores ≤14 indicate reduced performance ability but not increased likelihood of injury in track and field athletes

Karakteristik Pasien Tumor Trofoblas Gestasional Risiko Rendah dengan Kemoresitensi terhadap Metotreksat yang Dirawat di RSUP Dr. Hasan Sadikin Bandung Periode 2011−2015

AbstrakTujuan: Penelitian ini akan mendeskripsikan karakteristik pasien TTG risiko rendah yang resisten terhadap metotreksat di Rumah Sakit Hasan Sadikin Bandung selama periode 2011-2015.Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif retrospektif, berlokasi di Departemen Obstetri dan Ginekologi dan Instalasi Rekam Medis Rumah Sakit Hasan Sadikin Bandung dari bulan April sampai Mei 2017.Hasil: Selama periode penelitian didapatkan 46 kasus TTG risiko rendah yang resisten terhadap metotreksat. Jumlah kejadian terbanyak pada rentang usia 31-35 tahun (45,6%), 36,9% dengan paritas 2, 69,6% dengan gejala klinis perdarahan vagina abnormal, 91,3% dengan kehamilan sebelumnya mola hidatidosa, 52,5% kasus memiliki interval antara kehamilan dengan diagnosis TTG ≤ 4 bulan, 60,9% kasus kadar β-hCG awal > 100.000 mIU/ml. Sebanyak 28,3% kasus bermetastasis, 76,9% di paru-paru dan 23% di otak. Sebagian besar kasus TTG ditemukan pada stadium I (65,2%) pada tahap II, III dan IV adalah 10,9%, 15,2% dan 8,7%.Diskusi: Resistensi terhadap metotreksat pada kasus TTG risiko rendah kebanyakan terjadi pada pasien berusia 31-35 tahun, paritas 2, gejala klinis perdarahan vagina abnormal, kehamilan sebelumnya mola hidatidosa, interval antara kehamilan sebelumnya dengan saat didiagnosis TTG ≤4 bulan, β-hCG awal >100.000 mIU/ml, dan paling banyak ditemukan pada stadium I.Characteristic of Low Risk Gestational Thropoblastic Neoplasia Patien with Chemoresistance to Methotrexate at Dr.  Hasan Sadikin General Hospital Bandung in 2011−2015Abstract Objecttive:  This research will describe the characteristics of patients with low risk GTN with chemoresistancy to methotrexate at Hasan Sadikin Hospital Bandung during the period 2011-2015.Method: This research was a descriptive retrospective study located at Obstetrics and Gynecology Department and Medical Record Installation of Hasan Sadikin Hospital Bandung from April to May 2017.Results: During research period that was 46 low risk GTN cases with chemoresistancy to methotrexate. Number of incident mostly in 31−35 years (45,6%), 36,9% with parity 2, 69,6% with clinical symptom of abnormal vaginal bleeding, 91,3% with previous pregnancy hydadityform mole, 52,5% had interval between pregnancy with GTN diagnose was ≤4 months, 60,9% with intial β-hCG >100.000 mIU/ml, 28,3% case metastasized, 76,9% in lung and 23% in brain. Most of the GTN cases found in stage I ( 65,2%), in stage II, III and IV was 10,9%, 15,2% and 8,7%. Discussion: Chemoresistancy to methotrexate in low risk GTN mostly occur in 31-35 years of age, parity 2, mostly clinical symptom of abnormal vaginal bleeding, hidatydiform mole previous pregnancy, interval between pregnancy was ≤ 4 months, intial β-hCG >100.000 mIU/ml, and mostly found in first stage.Key words: Low risk gestational thropoblastic neoplasiac, hemoresistan

BMQ

BMQ: Boston Medical Quarterly was published from 1950-1966 by the Boston University School of Medicine and the Massachusetts Memorial Hospitals. Pages 49-52, v17n2, provided courtesy of Howard Gotlieb Archival Research Center

Radio Observations of the Hubble Deep Field South region: I. Survey Description and Initial Results

This paper is the first of a series describing the results of the Australia Telescope Hubble Deep Field South (ATHDFS) radio survey. The survey was conducted at four wavelengths - 20, 11, 6, and 3 cm, over a 4-year period, and achieves an rms sensitivity of about 10 microJy at each wavelength. We describe the observations and data reduction processes, and present data on radio sources close to the centre of the HDF-S. We discuss in detail the properties of a subset of these sources. The sources include both starburst galaxies and galaxies powered by an active galactic nucleus, and range in redshift from 0.1 to 2.2. Some of them are characterised by unusually high radio-to-optical luminosities, presumably caused by dust extinction.Comment: Accepted by AJ. 32 pages, 4 tables, 3 figures. PDF with full-resolution figures is on http://www.atnf.csiro.au/people/rnorris/N197.pd