41 research outputs found

    Estado nutricional y rendimiento académico en estudiantes de 7 a 14 años de la Institución Educativa Mi Jesús, La Era-Lima, 2016

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    Esta investigación tiene como objetivo determinar la relación entre el estado nutricional y el rendimiento académico de los estudiantes de 7 a 14 años de la Institución Educativa Mi Jesús, La Era-Lima, 2016. Es de enfoque cuantitativo, de corte transversal, de diseño no experimental y de tipo descriptiva-correlacional. Los participantes fueron 80 estudiantes de 1º a 6o grado de primaria y de 1º a 2º grado de secundaria. Los instrumentos que se utilizaron para evaluar el estado nutricional fue una ficha de registro antropométrico (IMC y T/E), y la valoración de la ingesta proteica y de minerales fue mediante el recordatorio de 24 horas. Además, se utilizó las libretas escolares para evaluar el rendimiento académico. Los resultados mostraron que el 53.8% de los estudiantes presentaron un IMC dentro del rango normal. También, se encontró que el 61.3% presentaron una T/E adecuada. Además, el 70% han alcanzado un rendimiento adecuado (entre logro destacado y logro previsto). Asimismo, se encontró que el 56.3% tiene una ingesta normal de proteína. De igual manera, se evidenció que, del sexo femenino, 18 presentan una ingesta normal de hierro en un 58.1% y solamente 8 presentan una ingesta alta en un 25.5%; asimismo, del sexo masculino, se observó que 25 presentan ingesta normal en un 51% y 12 tienen una ingesta alta en un 24.5%. Finalmente, se ha evidenciado que el 53.8% presentan una ingesta normal de zinc. Se encontró que existe relación estadísticamente significativa entre el IMC, la T/E, la ingesta proteica y de minerales con el rendimiento académico (p<.05).TesisLIMAEscuela Profesional de Nutrición HumanaPromoción de la salud y estilo de vida saludabl

    Structure and factorial invariance of a brief version of the Eating Attitudes Test in Peruvian university students

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    Background: University students often experience significant changes in their eating habits, which can increase the risk of developing eating disorders (ED). This situation calls for the creation of brief assessment tools to identify college students who may be most at risk. The aim of the study was to determine the psychometric properties of the Eating Attitudes Test-8 (EAT-8) in a Peruvian university population; additionally, the possible differences in the scores of the instrument according to sociodemographic variables, such as gender and age, were examined. Methods: A psychometric study was conducted on 610 participants (M =  24.3, SD  =  2.16, and 61.5% female), aged 19 to 31 years, belonging to four universities of different professional careers. Results: The unidimensional eight-item model was found to have fit indices that confirm acceptable factorial validity (X2 /df  =  3.23, CFI  =  0.984, TLI  =  0.977, RMSEA  =  0.061, SRMR  =  0.049) and an internal consistency of 0.833 for the Cronbach's alpha coefficient and 0.838 for the McDonald's omega coefficient. In addition, the EAT-8 was reported to be invariant according to gender and age; likewise, there were no significant differences in the age and gender categories. Conclusion: The EAT-8 has solid psychometric properties, including validity, reliability, and invariance, in the Peruvian university population, which supports its ability to assess the risk of developing ED in this specific group

    Network analysis of depressive symptomatology in underweight and obese adults

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    Background: Depressive symptoms can affect people’s quality of life and social environment. In addition, in severe situations, they can lead to suicidal behaviors. Objective: This study aimed to analyze the differences in depressive symptoms in underweight and obese Peruvian adults. Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out based on secondary data obtained from the Instituto Nacional de Estadística e Informática (INEI), Lima, Peru. A sample of 10053 participants was considered, of which 55.96% were women. Two Gaussian plot models were estimated and the levels of depressive symptomatology were compared between the 2 groups (adults with underweight and obese). Results: A total of 1510 (15.02%) were underweight adults and 8543 (84.98%) were obese adults. There were differences in the reporting of depressive symptoms in the underweight group; the most central items were “Depressed mood” (PH2), “Tiredness/ low energy” (PH4), and “Psychomotor difficulties” (PH8). Conclusion: This study provides new evidence on the dynamic relationship between depressive symptoms according to the body mass index categories (underweight and obese) assessed

    Enneagram typologies and healthy personality to psychosocial stress : a network approach

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    Introduction: Enneagram typologies may impact psychological well-being and stressful situations in college students. However, the literature is still limited in the study of dynamic personality models such as the Enneagram in Spanish-speaking university students, and a better understanding is needed. Objective: To analyze network associations and centrality measures of Enneagram personality typologies in Peruvian university students. Methods: A total of 859 Peruvian university students responded to two instruments assessing: The Pangrazzi’s Enneagram personality types and healthy personality to psychosocial stress. All instruments showed good psychometric values (validity and consistency). A regularized cross-sectional network structure was estimated with Gaussian graphical model and the graphical LASSO. Results: Enneagram types 4, 5, and 6 presented the highest and positive associations in the network structure. Type 6 emerged as the node with the highest predictability. The healthy personality and type 7 acted as bridges between the communities, with types 6, 7, and 8 being the most central nodes. Conclusion: The findings suggest that Enneagram type 7 with healthy personality to psychosocial stress plays an important role in the development of the causal activation of the network model. The network shows causal associations between psychosocial stress and types 6, 7, 8, and 9

    Evidence of validity and reliability of the environmental action scale in Peruvian university students

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    BackgroundThe environmental action scale is used to measure the degree of participation in collective environmental actions and has been shown to have adequate psychometric properties in developed countries. However, there are still no studies that have evaluated its performance in the Peruvian population.MethodsIn this instrumental study, the environmental action scale (EAS) was translated, adapted, and validated. The EAS was administered to 352 university students between 18 and 35 years of age (Mage = 23.37, SD = 2.57) from different cities in Peru. A validity analysis was performed using two sources of evidence: content validity and internal structure, carrying out an exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and a confirmatory factor analysis (CFA).ResultsThe structure of the scale has been organized into three oblique factors. The findings confirmed the reliability and validity of the three dimensions of the EAS.ConclusionTherefore, this scale is considered a valid option for assessing environmental action

    Conocimientos, actitudes y prácticas de alimentación saludable e índice de masa corporal en adolescentes peruanos: Un estudio transversal

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    Introduction: Overweight and obesity constitute one of the main health concerns in adolescents. Having a sufficient level of knowledge represents an option to reduce risks. The objective of the study was to evaluate the correlation between knowledge, attitudes and practices and body mass index (BMI) in Peruvian adolescents. Material and methods: A non-experimental cross-sectional study was carried out in 242 adolescents aged 11 to 18 years. To determine knowledge, attitudes and practices on healthy eating, a questionnaire was developed according to the criteria proposed by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO). In addition, the body mass index for age (BMI/Age) was calculated according to the recommendations of the World Health Organization (WHO). Data analysis was done using IBM SPSS version 24 statistical software.Results: The proportion of women who demonstrated a high level of knowledge, favorable attitudes and adequate practices, was higher in relation to men (76.5% vs. 75.0%), (75.5% vs. 70.7%) and 72.5% vs. 67.9%, respectively. However, there were no significant differences (p&gt; 0.05). The proportion of men who were overweight and obese was 25.7% and 12.1%, respectively. Finally, a statistically significant positive correlation was found between BMI / Age with the level of knowledge, attitudes and practices about healthy eating in adolescents (ρ = 0.137, p = 0.033), (ρ = 0.160, p = 0.013) and (ρ = 0.133, p = 0.039), respectively.Conclusions: The findings suggest that adolescents, especially boys, should be the focus of integrated nutritional intervention programs, with the purpose of reducing the prevalence of overweight and obesity.Introducción: El sobrepeso y la obesidad constituyen una de las principales preocupaciones sanitarias en los adolescentes. Tener los conocimientos suficientes, representa una opción para disminuir los riesgos. El objetivo del estudio fue evaluar la correlación entre conocimientos, actitudes y prácticas e índice de masa corporal (IMC) en adolescentes peruanos.Material y métodos: Se realizó un estudio no experimental de tipo transversal en 242 adolescentes de edades comprendidas entre 11 a 18 años. Para determinar los conocimientos, actitudes y prácticas sobre alimentación saludable, se desarrolló un cuestionario según los criterios propuestos por la Organización de las Naciones Unidas para la Agricultura y Alimentación (FAO, por sus siglas en inglés). Además, se calculó el índice de masa corporal para la edad (IMC/Edad) de acuerdo con las recomendaciones de la Organización Mundial de Salud (OMS). El análisis de los datos se hizo mediante el software estadístico IBM SPSS versión 24. Resultados:La proporción de mujeres que demostraron conocimientos altos, actitudes favorables y prácticas adecuadas, fue superior en relación con los varones (76,5 % vs. 75,0%), (75,5% vs. 70,7%) y 72,5% vs. 67,9%, respectivamente. Sin embargo, no hubo diferencias significativas (p&gt;0,05). La proporción de varones que presentaron sobrepeso y obesidad fue 25,7% y 12,1%, respectivamente. Finalmente, se encontró correlación positiva estadísticamente significativa entre el IMC/Edad con los conocimiento, actitudes y prácticas acerca de alimentación saludable en los adolescentes (ρ=0,137; p=0,033), (ρ=0,160; p=0,013) y (ρ=0,133; p=0,039), respectivamente.Conclusiones: Los hallazgos sugieren que los adolescentes, especialmente los varones, deben ser el foco de programas de intervención nutricional integrados, con el propósito de disminuir la prevalencia de sobrepeso y obesidad

    Body mass index and healthy lifestyle practices among Peruvian university students: a comparative study among academic discipline

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    BackgroundExcess body weight and an unhealthy lifestyle are a risk factor for noncommunicable diseases. University students are susceptible to unhealthy habits and obesity. This study compared body mass index (BMI) and healthy lifestyle practices among university students from four academic disciplines: Health Sciences, Business Sciences, Human Sciences and Education, and Engineering/Architecture.MethodsA cross-sectional study was carried out using a sample of 6,642 university students selected by non-probability convenience sampling. The Diet and Healthy Lifestyle Scale (DEVS), the Peruvian validation of the Vegetarian Lifestyle Index (VLI), was used to assess healthy lifestyle practices.ResultsStudents in the areas of Business Sciences and Engineering/Architecture had a higher BMI than their peers in Health Sciences (B = 0.35, 95% CI: 0.15–0.56 and 0.32, 95% CI: 0.13–0.52; p = 0.001). Additionally, these students tended to adopt less healthy lifestyle (B = −0.11, 95% CI: −0.20 to −0.01 and −0.09, 95% CI: −0.18 to −0.00; p &lt; 0.05) compared to those in Health Sciences.ConclusionAlthough students of Health Sciences and Human Sciences and Education exhibited healthy lifestyle patterns, there is a clear need to improve eating and living habits in general among the university population to mitigate the risk factors associated with non-communicable diseases

    Personal well-being and financial threats in Peruvian adults: The mediating role of financial well-being

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    Crises negatively affect the economy of a country, increasing financial risk, as they affect work activities and the well-being of the population. This study aimed to examine the mediating role of financial well-being in the relationship between personal well-being and financial threats. A predictive cross-sectional study was conducted. The variables analyzed were personal well-being, financial threats, and financial well-being. A total of 416 Peruvian adults from the three regions of Peru participated. The mean age was M = 35.36, SD = 8.84, with a range of 19–62 years. To represent the statistical mediation model, a structural equation model (SEM) was used. The analysis showed that the variables were significantly related (p &lt; 0.001). The theoretical model indicated a perfect mediation, also obtaining a good fit, χ2(168) = 394.3, CFI = 0.931, RMSEA = 0.057, SRMR = 0.062. The study showed that personal well-being serves as a basis for promoting financial well-being and this contributes to the reduction of financial threats

    Psychometric evaluation and invariance of the Spanish version of the Block Fat Screener (BFS-E) in university students

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    IntroductionUniversity students constantly face a number of health challenges related to an unhealthy diet, characterized by a high intake of saturated fats.ObjectiveThis study aimed to analyze the psychometric properties of the Spanish version of the Block Fat Screener (BFS-E) food frequency questionnaire in a university population.MethodsAn observational analytical study of instrumental type was carried out in 5608 Peruvian university students. Based on the Block Fat Screener questionnaire, a back-translation and cultural adaptation process was carried out. The validity of the questionnaire was determined through exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), hypothesizing a unidimensional structure. For the determination of reliability, the alpha coefficients were considered; likewise, the ω and H coefficients were used to evaluate the construct. The model explained 63% of the cumulative variance.ResultsThe CFA confirmed the unidimensionality of the 16-item questionnaire with appropriate goodness-of-fit indicators; therefore, which model of the Peruvian version adequately fits the observed data. The values of the reliability coefficients were higher than 0.90, with ordinal α = 0.94, ω = 0.94, and H = 0.95.ConclusionThe Spanish version of the Block Fat Screener food frequency questionnaire presents adequate psychometric properties and is therefore a valid scale to quickly measure fat intake in university students in a Latin American context

    Intake of foods high in saturated fats, vegetarian dietary pattern, and sociodemographic characteristics associated with body weight in Peruvian university students

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    BackgroundThe prevalence of obesity continues to increase among university students and the general population. Consumption of a diet high in saturated fats could be one of the risk factors.ObjectiveThe consumption of foods high in saturated fats, the vegetarian diet pattern, and sociodemographic characteristics associated with excess body weight (overweight/obesity) were evaluated in Peruvian university students.MethodsA cross-sectional study was carried out selecting 5,608 Peruvian university students through no probabilistic convenience sampling. The survey was carried out during the months of February and April 2022. The Chi-square test and binary logistic regression analysis were used to evaluate the association between diet (saturated fats intake and dietary pattern) and sociodemographic factors with excess body weight in a cross-sectional analysis.ResultsIt was observed that students who reported high consumption of foods high in saturated fats (ORB = 1.14) and those who had a non-vegetarian dietary pattern (ORB = 2.76) were found to be more likely to have excess body weight. On the contrary, students who reported adherence to the vegetarian diet pattern for more than 5 years were less likely to be overweight or obese (ORB = 0.84). Being ≥26 years of age (ORB = 3.28), living in urban areas (ORB = 1.68) and coastal areas of the country (ORB = 1.17), and enrolled in the engineering faculty (ORB = 1.19), were significantly associated with excess body weight.ConclusionThe findings of the current study evidenced several factors associated with excess body weight in university students. Therefore, it is necessary to promote and implement healthy lifestyle programs, considering sociodemographic and dietary aspects such as age and dietary intake to control and prevent obesity in university students
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