Graphdiyne as a high-capacity lithium ion battery anode material

Using the first-principles calculations, we explored the feasibility of using graphdiyne, a 2D layer of sp and sp2 hybrid carbon networks, as lithium ion battery anodes. We found that the composite of the Li-intercalated multilayer ??-graphdiyne was C6Li7.31 and that the calculated voltage was suitable for the anode. The practical specific/volumetric capacities can reach up to 2719 mAh g-1/2032 mAh cm-3, much greater than the values of ???372 mAh g-1/???818 mAh cm -3, ???1117 mAh g-1/???1589 mAh cm-3, and ???744 mAh g-1 for graphite, graphynes, and ??-graphdiyne, respectively. Our calculations suggest that multilayer ??-graphdiyne can serve as a promising high-capacity lithium ion battery anode.open3

A Preterm Infant with Feeding Aspiration Diagnosed with BOR Syndrome, Confirmed Case by Whole-Genome Sequencing and Structural Variant Calling

Branchiootorenal (BOR) syndrome is a rare autosomal dominant inherited disease with a prevalence of approximately 1 in 40,000 newborns. This disease is characterized by hearing loss, preauricular pits, branchial fistulas or cysts, and renal dysplasia. We discovered a case of BOR syndrome in a premature 2-week-old female infant with a gestational age of 32 weeks and two days. She and her family had major symptoms and a family history of BOR. BOR syndrome was confirmed by whole-genome sequencing and structural variant calling, which revealed an EYA1 exon 5–6 deletion. The infant had recurrent sleep and feeding cyanosis with second branchial anomalies. Via videofluoroscopic swallowing study and a modified barium swallow test, penetration into the vocal cords was observed before and during swallowing when bottle feeding. This is the first report of a preterm infant early diagnosed with BOR syndrome in which deletion margin was accurately identified by whole-genome sequencing and structural variant calling in Republic of Korea

A novel mosaic mutation in in a Korean patient with hypophosphatemic rickets

X-linked hypophosphatemic rickets is caused by loss-of-function mutations in PHEX, which encodes a phosphate-regulating endopeptidase homolog. We report a 26-year-old man with X-linked hypophosphatemic rickets who showed decreased serum phosphate accompanied by bilateral genu valgum and short stature. He had received medical treatment with vitamin D (alfacalcidol) and phosphate from the age of 3 to 20 years. He underwent surgery due to valgus deformity at the age of 14 and 15. Targeted gene panel sequencing for Mendelian genes identified a nonsense mutation in PHEX (c.589C>T; p.Gln197Ter) and a mosaic pattern where only 38% of sequence reads showed the variant allele. This mutation was not found in his mother, who had a normal phenotype. This is a case of a sporadic nonsense mutation in PHEX and up to date, this is the first case of a mosaic mutation in PHEX in Korea

AuCN Nanowire Epitaxy on Graphene for Hybrid Phototransistor

The van der Waals epitaxy of functional materials provides an interesting and efficient way to manipulate the electrical properties of various hybrid two dimensional (2D) systems. We study the controlled epitaxial assembly of semiconducting one-dimensional (1D) atomic chains, AuCN, on graphene and investigate the electrical properties of 1D/2D van der Waals heterostructures. AuCN nanowire assembly is tuned by different growth conditions, although the epitaxial alignment between AuCN chains and graphene remains unchanged. Semiconducting AuCN chains endow the 1D/2D hybrid system with a strong responsivity to photons with an energy above 2.7 eV, which is consistent with the bandgap of AuCN. A large UV response (responsivity ???104 A/W) was observed under illumination using 3.1 eV (400 nm) photons. Such optical and electrical responses are changed by tuning the morphology of AuCN nanowires. Our study clearly demonstrates that 1D chain-structured semiconductors can play a crucial role as a component in multifunctional van der Waals heterostructures

South Korea's responses to stop the COVID-19 pandemic

Background: South Korea's aggressive responses to the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) have greatly slowed the epidemic without regional lockdowns. Methods: The Korean Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's daily briefings were thoroughly reviewed. Information about hospital countermeasures and government coordination was collected via telephone interviews with 4 infection control team leaders, 1 emergency department nurse, and 1 infectious disease physician in Korea. Results: After the 2015 Middle East Respiratory Syndrome outbreak, the government and hospitals prepared for the inevitable outbreak of emerging infectious diseases by reforming the epidemic preparedness system. As a result, COVID-19 diagnostic test kits were quickly developed, enabling extensive early detection of potential cases. Other key steps were tracking cases, finding exposed individuals, coordinating case assignments with health care facilities, and selective clinic screenings for visitors' entering hospitals with mandatory mask wearing. Consequently, after overcoming the initial peak of the outbreak, which was related to a religious group, Korea has been able to maintain daily new cases at around 100 and to less than 50 daily cases in the second week of April. Conclusions: To counter the COVID-19 pandemic, which may persist, long-term, sustained response strategies must be prepared along with coordination between government and health systems. (C) 2020 Association for Professionals in Infection Control and Epidemiology, Inc. Published by Elsevier Inc.Y

Epitaxial growth of AuCN nanowires on graphene for hybrid phototransistors

We present a facile method to fabricate epitaxially-grown semiconducting AuCN nanowires on graphene and investigate the evolution of nanowire morphology depending on growth conditions. The nanowire morphology and its directional alignment relative to graphene substrate are studied in detail with transmission electron microscopy, which clearly reveals the effect of diffusion kinetics during the nanowire formation process. We also investigate the electrical properties of AuCN/graphene heterostructures and their phototransistor behaviors. We find that the AuCN-sensitized hybrid device strongly responses to photons with energy above 2.6 eV, which is consistent with the bandgap of semiconducting AuCN. The device show a large UV response with responsivity ~ 104 A/W under the illumination of 3.1 eV (400 nm) photon

One-Dimensional Assembly on Two-Dimensions: AuCN Nanowire Epitaxy on Graphene for Hybrid Phototransistors

The van der Waals epitaxy of functional materials provides an interesting and efficient way to manipulate the electrical properties of various hybrid twodimensional (2D) systems. Here we show the controlled epitaxial assembly of semiconducting one-dimensional (1D) atomic chains, AuCN, on graphene and investigate the electrical properties of 1D/2D van der Waals heterostructures. AuCN nanowire assembly is tuned by different growth conditions, although the epitaxial alignment between AuCN chains and graphene remains unchanged. The switching of the preferred nanowire growth axis indicates that diffusion kinetics affects the nanowire formation process. Semiconducting AuCN chains endow the 1D/2D hybrid system with a strong responsivity to photons with an energy above 2.7 eV, which is consistent with the bandgap of AuCN. A large UV response (responsivity ∼104 A/W) was observed under illumination using 3.1 eV (400 nm) photons. Our study clearly demonstrates that 1D chain-structured semiconductors can play a crucial role as a component in multifunctional van der Waals heterostructures.© 2018 American Chemical Societ

Universal Oriented van der Waals Epitaxy of 1D Cyanide Chains on Hexagonal 2D Crystals

The atomic or molecular assembly on 2D materials through the relatively weak van der Waals interaction is quite different from the conventional heteroepitaxy and may result in unique growth behaviors. Here, it is shown that straight 1D cyanide chains display universal epitaxy on hexagonal 2D materials. A universal oriented assembly of cyanide crystals (AgCN, AuCN, and Cu0.5Au0.5CN) is observed, where the chains are aligned along the three zigzag lattice directions of various 2D hexagonal crystals (graphene, h-BN, WS2, MoS2, WSe2, MoSe2, and MoTe2). The potential energy landscape of the hexagonal lattice induces this preferred alignment of 1D chains along the zigzag lattice directions, regardless of the lattice parameter and surface elements as demonstrated by first-principles calculations and parameterized surface potential calculations. Furthermore, the oriented microwires can serve as crystal orientation markers, and stacking-angle-controlled vertical 2D heterostructures are successfully fabricated by using them as markers. The oriented van der Waals epitaxy can be generalized to any hexagonal 2D crystals and will serve as a unique growth process to form crystals with orientations along the zigzag directions by epitaxy