Techniques for post-fracture analysis

International audienceFracture observation is one of the key ways to understand the behavior of bonded assemblies. The plural science of bonded assemblies includes three main areas such as polymer sciences, physical chemistry of surfaces and interfaces, and mechanics. Solving the equation of adhesion needs intersection of all these aspects. Moreover, this multi-physics science is also a multi-scale one. Understanding surface fracture deals with all these aspects. This chapter presents three types of measurement systems: microscopy, compositional analysis/material identification, and mechanical observations. A table sums up an exhaustive list of the major observation devices and precise references of works that use these types of methods. Then, the main methods are detailed with macroscopic and mesoscopic observations, microscopic observation, physicochemical analysis, and mechanical observations

Distal Middle Cerebral Artery Aneurysms - Endovascular Treatment Results With Literature Review

Intracranial aneurysms of the distal intracranial arteries are uncommon lesions which are difficult to treat with surgical techniques. Distal middle cerebral artery (MCA) aneurysms constitute approximately 5% of all MCA aneurysms. We report the results of our coil embolization for the treatment of distal MCA aneurysms. Eleven patients (four men and seven women, average age 37 years) with distally located MCA aneurysms were treated. Four of the aneurysms were fusiform in shape and the remainder were saccular. Seven of the aneurysms were in the dominant hemisphere. Four of the seven patients who had saccular aneurysms were treated with selective aneurysm embolization. The remaining seven patients were treated with aneurysmal sac and parent artery coiling. All patients had good retrograde flow into the peripheral branches of the occluded artery. All the procedures were completed successfully without any additional neurological deficits. Coil embolization is a safe and effective technique for the treatment of distal MCA aneurysms. If the parent artery cannot be preserved, pial collaterals can supply adequate blood to prevent neurological deficits.Wo