46 research outputs found

    Biological activity of faba beans proanthocyanidins

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    The objective of the experiment was to determine whether small amounts of proanthocyanidins (0.1 and 0.3%) may increase the antioxidative properties of the rat diet without exerting an antinutritional effect. Proanthocyanidins of faba bean seed coats were extracted with a mixture of acetone and water (70:30) and lyophilized. The amount of proanthocyanidins was two- or fourfold higher in the experimental diets as compared to the control diet. The addition of proanthocyanidin extract had no significant effect on the coefficients of digestibility of crude protein, daily nitrogen retention and the coefficient of biological value of diet protein. In the blood serum of rats fed diets supplemented with proanthocyanidin extract, there was a slightly higher content of vitamin E and alanine aminotransferase activity, while the content of vitamin A and aspartate aminotransferase activity were similar to those of the control group. In the contents of the rat gut (caecum), a lower activity of 芒 -glucuronidase was found as compared to the control group, whereas 芒 -galactosidase was unaffected. The addition of proanthocyanidin extract to diet caused a decrease in the malondialdehyde content in the heart, kidneys, erythrocytes and blood plasma of rats. The results obtained indicate that the amount of proanthocyanidins used did not exert any antinutritional effects, but extended the pool of diet antioxidants and beneficially affected the activity of the large bowel microflora

    Nuclear Interactions Of Super High Energy Cosmic-rays Observed In Mountain Emulsion Chambers

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    Here we present a summary of joint discussions on the results of three mountain experiments with large-scale emulsion chambers, at Pamir, Mt. Fuji and Chacaltaya. Observations cover gamma quanta, hadrons and their clusters (called "families"). The following topics are covered, concerning the characteristics of nuclear interactions the energy region 1014-1016 eV: (i) rapid dissipation seen in atmospheric diffusion of high-energy cosmic-rays; (ii) multiplicity and Pt increase in produced pi-mesons in the fragmentation region; (iii) existence of large-Pt jets, (iv) extremely hadron-rich family of the Centauro type; (v) exotic phenomena in the extremely high energy region beyond 1016 eV. 漏 1981.1911125(1977) Acta Univ. Lodz ser. II, (60)(1973) 13th Int. Cosmic-ray Conf., 3, p. 2228(1975) 14th Int. Cosmic-Ray Conf., 7, p. 2365(1979) AIP Conf. Proc. no. 49, p. 334(1979) 16th Int. Cosmic-ray Conf., 6, p. 344(1979) 16th Int. Cosmic-ray Conf., 7, p. 6816th Int. Cosmic-ray Conf. (1979) 16th Int. Cosmic-ray Conf., 7, p. 284(1979) 16th Int. Cosmic-ray Conf., 7, p. 294(1979) 16th Int. Cosmic-ray Conf., 13, p. 87(1979) 16th Int. Cosmic-ray Conf., 13, p. 92(1979) 16th Int. Cosmic-ray Conf., 13, p. 98(1979) AIP Conf. Proc. no. 49, p. 94(1979) AIP Conf. Proc. no. 49, p. 145(1979) AIP Conf. Proc. no. 49, p. 317(1979) 16th Int. Cosmic-ray Conf., 6, p. 350(1979) 16th Int. Cosmic-ray Conf., 6, p. 356(1979) 16th Int. Cosmic-ray Conf., 6, p. 362Nikolsky, Proc. 9th Int. High-energy Symp. (1978) CSSR, 21. , ToborMiyake, (1978) Proc. 19th Int. Conf. on High-energy physics, p. 433Vernov, (1977) Physica, 3, p. 1601Khristiansen, (1978) JETP Lett., 28, p. 124(1973) 13th Int. Cosmic-ray Conf., 3, p. 2219Izv. Acad. Nauk USSR, ser Phys. (1974) Izv. Acad. Nauk USSR, ser Phys., 38, p. 918(1975) 14th Int. Cosmic-ray Conf., 7, p. 2365(1979) 16th Int. Cosmic-ray Conf., 7, p. 68Dunaevsky, Urysson, Emelyanov, Shorin, Tashimov, (1975) FIAN preprint no. 150Dunaevsky, Urysson, Emelyanov, Shorin, Tashinov, (1979) Acta Univ. Lodz ser. II, (60), p. 199Ivanenko, Kanevskya, Roganova, (1978) JETP Lett., 40, p. 704Ivanenko, Kanevsky, Roganova, (1979) 16th Int. Cosmic-ray Conf., 7, p. 101Ivanenko, Kanevsky, Roganova, (1979) 16th Int. Cosmic-ray Conf., 7, p. 198Wrotniak, (1977) Acta Univ. Lodz ser. II, (60), p. 165Krys, Tomaszevski, Wrotniak, (1979) 16th Int. Cosmic-ray Conf., 7, p. 182Krys, Tomaszevski, Wrotniak, (1979) 16th Int. Cosmic-ray Conf., 7, p. 186Fomin, Kempa, Khristiansen, Levina, Piotrowska, Wdowczyk, (1977) 15th Int. Cosmic-ray Conf., 7, p. 248Fomin, Kempa, Khristiansen, Levina, Piotrowska, Wdowczyk, (1979) 16th Int. Cosmic-ray Conf., 13, p. 82Azimov, Mullazhanov, Yuldashbayev, (1979) 16th Int. Cosmic-ray Conf., 7, p. 262Azimov, Mullazhanov, Yuldashbayev, (1977) Acta Univ. Lodz ser. II, (60), p. 275Kasahara, Torri, Yuda, (1979) 16th Int. Cosmic-ray Conf., 13, p. 70Kasahara, Torii, Yuda, (1979) 16th Int. Cosmic-ray Conf., 13, p. 79Shibata, (1979) 16th Int. Cosmic-ray Conf., 7, p. 176H. Semba, T. Shibata and T. Tabuki, Suppl. Prog. Theor. Phys., to be publishedZhdanov, Roinishvilli, Smorodin, Tomaszevski, (1975) FIAN preprint no. 163Lattes, Fujimoto, Hasegawa, Hadronic interactions of high energy cosmic-ray observed by emulsion chambers (1980) Physics Reports, 65, p. 152Ellsworth, Gaisser, Yodh, (1981) Phys. Rev., 23 D, p. 764Baradzei, Smorodin, (1974) FIAN preprint nos. 103, 104Baradzei, Smorodin, (1977) Acta Univ. Lodz ser. II, (60), p. 51Zhdanov, (1980) FIAN preprint no. 140H. Semba, T. Shibata and T. Tabuki, Suppl. Prog. Theor. Phys., to be publishedShibata, (1980) Phys. Rev., 22 D, p. 100Slavatinsky, (1980) Proc. 7th European Symp. on Cosmic rays, , Leningrad, to be published(1979) AIP Conference Proc. no. 49, p. 145Azimov, Abduzhamilov, Chudakov, (1963) JETP (Sov. Phys.), 45, p. 40713th Int. Cosmic-ray Conf. (1973) 13th Int. Cosmic-ray Conf., 5, p. 326Acharya, Rao, Sivaprasad, Rao, (1979) 16th Int. Cosmic-ray Conf., 6, p. 289Ellsworth, Goodman, Yodh, Gaisser, Stanev, (1981) Phys. Rev., 23 D, p. 771Bariburina, Guseva, Denisova, (1980) Acta Univ. Lodz, 1, p. 9415th Int. Cosmic-ray Conf. (1977) 15th Int. Cosmic-ray Conf., 7, p. 184(1979) AIP Conf. Proc. no. 49, p. 33

    The effect exerted by fructans with a different polymerization degree of carbohydrate chain on fermentative processes in the end segment of the alimentary tract in experimental rats

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    W przeprowadzonym do艣wiadczeniu zbadano wp艂yw dw贸ch typ贸w fruktan贸w o r贸偶nym stopniu polimeryzacji 艂a艅cucha w臋glowodanowego: kr贸tko艂a艅cuchowych fruktooligosacharyd贸w (FOS) oraz d艂ugo艂a艅cuchowej inuliny na fizjologi臋 jelita 艣lepego u szczur贸w. W badaniach zastosowano trzy diety: diet臋 kontroln膮 zawieraj膮c膮 7,5% sacharozy i dwie diety do艣wiadczalne zawieraj膮ce: 8,3% preparatu inuliny (IN) i 7,9% preparatu FOS (FOS) (preparaty komercyjne). M艂ode samce rasy Wistar (8 osobnik贸w w grupie) otrzymywa艂y diety ad libitum przez 4 tygodnie. Okre艣lono indywidualne spo偶ycie paszy oraz przyrost masy cia艂a. Pomiarowi podlega艂y m.in.: masa tkanki i tre艣ci jelita 艣lepego, pH, sucha masa, amoniak, bia艂ko, lotne kwasy t艂uszczowe (LKT) i aktywno艣膰 enzym贸w bakteryjnych w tre艣ci jelita 艣lepego. Nie stwierdzono statystycznie istotnej r贸偶nicy pomi臋dzy grupami w wielko艣ci spo偶ycia diet oraz przyrostu masy cia艂a. Spo偶ycie diet zawieraj膮cych FOS i inulin臋 spowodowa艂o znaczny wzrost masy 艣ciany i tre艣ci jelita 艣lepego (P < 0,05) w stosunku do grupy kontrolnej. W grupach do艣wiadczalnych stwierdzono tak偶e wzrost koncentracji bia艂ka oraz suchej masy w tre艣ci jelitowej. Istotnie ni偶sze (P < 0,05) warto艣ci pH i koncentracj臋 amoniaku odnotowano u zwierz膮t 偶ywionych dietami z FOS i inulin膮. Suplementacja diet fruktanami spowodowa艂a wzrost zawarto艣ci LKT w przeliczeni na 100 g masy cia艂a (pula LKT). Inulina, korzystniej ni偶 FOS wp艂ywa艂a na produkcj臋 LKT, zw艂aszcza istotnie zwi臋kszaj膮c zawarto艣膰 kwasu propionowego i mas艂owego w tre艣ci jelita 艣lepego. Inulina w spos贸b bardziej korzystny ni偶 FOS oddzia艂ywa艂a r贸wnie偶 na aktywno艣膰 enzymatyczn膮 mikroflory jelita 艣lepego. W grupie IN obserwowano najni偶sz膮 aktywno艣膰 尾-glukuronidazy, kt贸ra jest biomarkerem aktywno艣ci mikroflory patogennej.In the experiment accomplished, the effect was investigated of two types of fructans: short-chain fructooligosaccharides (FOS) and long-chain inulin, on the blind gut physiology in rats. Three diets were applied in the experiment: control diet (K) contained 7.5% of saccharose, and two other experimental diets contained: 8.3% of inulin (IN) and 7.9% of the FOS preparation (FOS) (commercial preparations). Young male rats of the Wistar breed (8 rats per one group) were fed ad libitum during 4 weeks. The individual feed consumption rates and gains in body weight of rats were determined. The following parameters was measured, among other things: the weight of tissue and of blind gut fill, pH, dry matter, ammonia, protein, volatile fatty acids (VFA), and activity of bacterial enzymes in the blind gut fill. No statistically significant differences in the total dietary food intake rate and in gains in body weight of rats among the experimental groups were found. The consumption of diets containing FOS and inulin caused a considerable increase in the weight of blind gut wall and fill (P < 0.05) compared to the control group. In the experimental groups, an increase was found in the concentration rates of protein and dry matter in the blind gut fill. The significantly lower (P < 0.05) values of pH and ammonia contents were found in the animals fed with the dietary food containing FOS and inulin. When fructans were added to the dietary food, the level of VFA increased per 100g of the body weight (LFA pool). The inulin impacted the production of VFA more beneficially than FOS, especially, it generated a statistically significantly increase in the content levels of propionate and butyrate acids in the blind gut fill. Furthermore, the inulin impacted the enzymatic activity of blind gut micro-flora more effectively than FOS. In the IN group, the lowest level of the activity of 尾-glucuronidase was found, whereas the 尾-glucuronidase is a biomarker of the activity of pathogenic micro-flora

    Effect of fructooligosaccharides and phenols from chicory on fermentation processes on going in final section of alimentary tract in experimental rats

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    W wykonanym do艣wiadczeniu badano wp艂yw fruktan贸w i polifenoli, r贸wnocze艣nie wyst臋puj膮cych w diecie, na funkcjonowanie ko艅cowego odcinka przewodu pokarmowego u szczur贸w do艣wiadczalnych. Zastosowano trzy diety, w tym kontroln膮 zawieraj膮c膮 7,5 % sacharozy oraz dwie do艣wiadczalne zawieraj膮ce: 1) 7,9 % komercyjnego preparatu fruktooligosacharyd贸w (FOS) 2) 8,3 % koncentratu FOS uzyskiwanego z korzeni cykorii, kt贸ry r贸wnocze艣nie wprowadza艂 do diety polifenole na poziomie 0,0 5% (FOS+PP). M艂ode samce rasy Wistar (8 osobnik贸w w grupie) otrzymywa艂y pasz臋 ad libitum przez 4 tygodnie. Okre艣lono indywidualne spo偶ycie paszy oraz przyrost masy cia艂a. W tre艣ci jelita 艣lepego oznaczano pH, zawarto艣膰: suchej masy, amoniaku, bia艂ka, lotnych kwas贸w t艂uszczowych (LKT) oraz aktywno艣膰 enzym贸w bakteryjnych. Wa偶ono r贸wnie偶 jelito 艣lepe z tre艣ci膮 i bez tre艣ci. Nie stwierdzono statystycznie istotnej r贸偶nicy pomi臋dzy grupami pod wzgl臋dem wielko艣ci spo偶ycia paszy oraz przyrostu masy cia艂a. Spo偶ycie pasz zawieraj膮cych preparat FOS komercyjny i preparat FOS+PP z korzeni cykorii spowodowa艂o znaczny wzrost masy 艣ciany i tre艣ci jelita 艣lepego (P<0,05) w stosunku do grupy kontrolnej. Istotnie ni偶sze (P < 0,05) warto艣ci pH i mniejsze st臋偶enie amoniaku w tre艣ci jelita 艣lepego odnotowano u zwierz膮t 偶ywionych paszami do艣wiadczalnymi. Badane preparaty istotnie podwy偶szy艂y pul臋 LKT, zw艂aszcza istotnie zwi臋kszaj膮c zawarto艣膰 kwasu propionowego i mas艂owego w przeliczeni na 100 g masy cia艂a. W grupie FOS+PP odnotowano istotny wzrost koncentracji LKT w tre艣ci jelita 艣lepego (P < 0,05 vs grupy FOS i K). Diety do艣wiadczalne korzystnie modyfikowa艂y aktywno艣膰 bakteryjnej -glukozydazy oraz -glukuronidazy.In the experiment accomplished, the effect was studied of fructans and polyphenols, concurrently occurring in a diet, on the functioning of the final section of alimentary tract in experimental rats. Three diets were applied: one control diet (K) with 7.5 % of sucrose and two experimental diets containing: 1) 7.9 % of commercial fructooligosacharride preparation (FOS) and 2) 8.3 % of FOS concentrate made from chicory roots that also enriched the diet with 0.05 % of polyphenols (FOS+PP). Young male Wistar rats (8 rats per group) were ad libitum fed for 4 weeks. The individual feed consumption level and body weight gains of rats were determined. In the caecal contents, the following parameters were measured: pH, dry matter, ammonia, Lowry鈥檚 protein, volatile fatty acids (VFA), and activity of bacterial enzymes. Also, the caecum with and without contents was weighed. No statistically significant differences were found between the groups as regards the feed consumption level and body weight gains in rats. The consumption level of feed products containing commercial FOS and the FOS+PP preparation made from chicory roots caused the weight of caecum wall and of its contents to significantly increase (P<0.05) compared to the control group. Significantly lower (P < 0.05) pH values and a lower ammonia concentration in the caecal contents were found in the animals fed with experimental diets. The preparations analysed significantly increased the SCFA quota, especially, they significantly increased the content of propanoic acid and butyric acid when converted to 100 g of body weight. In the FOS+PP group, a significant increase in the concentration of VFA was found in the caecal contents (P<0.05 vs FOS and K). The experimental diets beneficially modified the activity of bacterial -glucosidase and -glucuronidase

    The content of cholesterol in butter depending on the season and production method

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    The seasonal variations in the cholesterol content in butter in relation to the fatty acid compositions were studied. No statistically significant differences in the cholesterol content depending on the season of the year were found. The differences in the cholesterol content in butter manufactured conventionally or continuously were also insignificant (p=0.05). The analysis of correlation showed statistically significant (p=0.05) dependence between the butter cholesterol content and iodine value (r=0.47), volatile fatty acids content (r=-0.38), and the C16:0/C18:0 ratio (r = 0.36).Przebadano sezonowe zmiany zawarto艣ci cholesterolu w ma艣le i ich zwi膮zek ze zmianami sk艂adu t艂uszczu mlekowego. Nie wykazano statystycznie istotnego zr贸偶nicowania zawarto艣ci cholesterolu zale偶nie od okresu produkcji mas艂a (tab. 1, 2). Nie wykazano te偶 statystycznie istotnych r贸偶nic zawarto艣ci cholesterolu w ma艣le produkowanym metod膮 periodyczn膮 i ci膮g艂膮 (tab. 3). Przeprowadzona analiza korelacji (tab. 4, rys. 1, 2 i 3) wykaza艂a statystycznie istotn膮 zale偶no艣膰 mi臋dzy zawarto艣ci膮 cholesterolu w t艂uszczu mlekowym a warto艣ci膮 liczby jodowej (r = 0,47), zawarto艣ci膮 grupy lotnych kwas贸w t艂uszczowych (r = -0,38) oraz ilorazem zawarto艣ci kwas贸w C16:0/C18:0 (r = 0,36)
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