60 research outputs found
What is diabulimia and what are the implications for practice?
Diabulimia has become a common term used to describe a condition when a person with type 1 diabetes has an eating disorder. The individual may omit or restrict their insulin dose to lose/control weight. Evidence suggests that as many as 20% of women with type 1 diabetes may have this condition. The serious acute and long-term complications of hyperglycaemia are well documented. Detection of this condition is challenging and health professionals need to be vigilant in assessing reasons for variable glycaemic control and weight changes. Management requires a collaborative response from the specialist diabetes team in conjunction with the mental health team. Nurses must ensure that they are aware that the condition may be possible in all patients with type 1 diabetes but especially younger female patients. These patients require timely intervention to prevent any severe acute or long-term complications
Service engagement in interventions for street-connected children and young people: a summary of evidence supplementing a recent CochraneâCampbell review
Abstract
Background This paper builds on a CochraneâCampbell systematic review of interventions that reduce harms and promote reintegration in street-connected children and young people focusing on intervention outcomes. The aim of the present analysis is to explore questions raised in the systematic review over the potential role of service engagement in mediating outcomes of relevant interventions.
Objective The paper summarises engagement-related findings from quantitative intervention evaluations with street-connected populations of children and young people, as reported by study authors. It seeks to contribute to theoretical and methodological understandings of service engagement with street-connected youth populations and to highlight gaps in current knowledge.
Methods Drawing on the original search for the CochraneâCampbell review, we rescreened search results in our database and included quantitative findings if relevant to our current research questions, regardless of study design. Additionally, we sought new study publications from authors whose work was included in the original systematic review. The discussion explores relevant data from five studies included in the original systematic review, ten studies excluded from the review, and two studies published after the completion of the review.
Results The measures of service engagement in the included studies focused on treatment attendance, âlevel of engagementâ, and service satisfaction. Evidence on the impact of service engagement on other outcomes in interventions for street-connected children and young people was limited. Available data on the predictors and impact of service engagement were mixed and appear not to provide robust support for common hypotheses in the relevant context
Innovations in total knee replacement: new trends in operative treatment and changes in peri-operative management
The human knee joint can sustain damage due to injury, or more usually osteoarthritis, to one, two or all three of the knee compartments: the medial femorotibial, the lateral femorotibial and the patellofemoral compartments. When pain associated with this damage is unmanageable using nonsurgical techniques, knee replacement surgery might be the most appropriate course of action. This procedure aims to restore a pain-free, fully functional and durable knee joint. Total knee replacement is a well-established treatment modality, and more recently, partial knee replacementâmore commonly known as bi- or unicompartmental knee replacementâhas seen resurgence in interest and popularity. Combined with the use of minimally invasive surgery (MIS) techniques, gender-specific prosthetics and computer-assisted navigation systems, orthopaedic surgeons are now able to offer patients knee replacement procedures that are associated with (1) minimal risks during and after surgery by avoiding fat embolism, reducing blood loss and minimising soft tissue disruption; (2) smaller incisions; (3) faster and less painful rehabilitation; (4) reduced hospital stay and faster return to normal activities of daily living; (5) an improved range of motion; (6) less requirement for analgesics; and (7) a durable, well-aligned, highly functional knee. With the ongoing advancements in surgical technique, medical technology and prosthesis design, knee replacement surgery is constantly evolving. This review provides a personal account of the recent innovations that have been made, with a particular emphasis on the potential use of MIS techniques combined with computer-assisted navigation systems to treat younger, more physically active patients with resurfacing partial/total implant knee arthroplasty
Factors associated with HIV testing among male injecting drug users: findings from a cross-sectional behavioural and biological survey in Manipur and Nagaland, India
Social self-value intervention for empowerment of HIV infected people using antiretroviral treatment: a randomized controlled trial
HIV Prevention Interventions to Reduce Racial Disparities in the United States: A Systematic Review
A systematic review of strategies to increase access to health services among children in low and middle income countries
âLifersâ: exit from the armed forces after 36 yearsâ service
John provides the first of three stories explored in this book. John served a total of 36 years with the military holding a variety of roles both in full-time and Reserve service. He outlines the transition from regular service to civilian life and allows us to explore his lived experience and âsense-makingâ as he recalls it. John provides us with insight into the impact of military exit on both his own identity and his relationship with others around him. In the second half of this chapter, we provide psychological perspectives alongside Johnâs story in order that the reader can consider the application of theories, such as Social Identity Theory and other research on military identity, in order to better understand Johnâs experiences
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