Admiration: A Conceptual Review

This is the author accepted manuscript. The final version is available from SAGE Publications via the DOI in this record.Admiration is thought to have essential functions for social interaction: it inspires us to learn from excellent models, to become better people, and to praise others and create social bonds. In intergroup relations, admiration for other groups leads to greater intergroup contact, cooperation, and help. Given these implications, it is surprising that admiration has only been researched by a handful of authors. In this article we review the literature, focusing on the definition of admiration, links to related emotions, measurement, antecedents, and associated behaviors. We propose a conceptual model of admiration that highlights admiration’s function for approaching and emulating successful models, thus contributing to social learning at the interpersonal level and to cultural transmission at the group and societal level

Pulp and Papermaking Properties of Gypsy Moth-Killed Trees

A study was undertaken to evaluate the pulp and papermaking properties of gypsy moth-killed trees. Red oak (Quercus rubra), white oak (Quercus alba), and red maple (Acer rubrum) trees dead 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 years were harvested, chipped, kraft pulped, and compared to pulped live control trees. No statistical differences (P < 0.05) in total kraft pulp yields were measured with time after tree death for the species evaluated. Handsheet strength evaluations were conducted using these pulps and they were compared at four CSf levels. With but a few exceptions, no statistical differences (P < 0.05) in handsheet tear and tensile properties were measured; however, wide variations in MIT fold and burst properties were observed. The differences observed in sheet properties over the freeness levels tested could not be related to wood degradation that may have occurred with time after tree death.Evaluation of the top, middle, and bottom sections of pulped red and white oak trees dead five years was conducted and no statistical differences in total pulp yields were measured. Significant differences in pulp yields due to advanced wood decay were measured in red maple; however in most cases no differences in handsheet strength properties were measured for all species within the freeness range tested.On the basis of the results observed in this study, it was concluded that neither the total pulp yields nor the papermaking properties would be drastically affected by the introduction of gypsy moth-killed trees into the kraft pulping process

Adinkras From Ordered Quartets of BC4{}_4 Coxeter Group Elements and Regarding 1,358,954,496 Matrix Elements of the Gadget

We examine values of the Adinkra Holoraumy-induced Gadget representation space metric over all possible four-color, four-open node, and four-closed node adinkras. Of the 1,358,954,496 gadget matrix elements, only 226,492,416 are non-vanishing and take on one of three values: $-1/3$, $1/3$, or $1$ and thus a subspace isomorphic to a description of a body-centered tetrahedral molecule emerges.Comment: LaTeX twice, 56pp, 30 tables, 5 figures, latest version includes link to updated code, minor corrections, and additional support about inequivalent representations and tetrahedral geometry comments added along with observations about similarity with results previously found by Nekraso

Simulation and analysis of in vitro DNA evolution

We study theoretically the in vitro evolution of a DNA sequence by binding to a transcription factor. Using a simple model of protein-DNA binding and available binding constants for the Mnt protein, we perform large-scale, realistic simulations of evolution starting from a single DNA sequence. We identify different parameter regimes characterized by distinct evolutionary behaviors. For each regime we find analytical estimates which agree well with simulation results. For small population sizes, the DNA evolutional path is a random walk on a smooth landscape. While for large population sizes, the evolution dynamics can be well described by a mean-field theory. We also study how the details of the DNA-protein interaction affect the evolution.Comment: 11 pages, 11 figures. Submitted to PNA

Precision Measurement of the 29Si, 33S, and 36Cl Binding Energies

The binding energies of 29Si, 33S, and 36Cl have been measured with a relative uncertainty $< 0.59 \times 10^{-6}$ using a flat-crystal spectrometer. The unique features of these measurements are 1) nearly perfect crystals whose lattice spacing is known in meters, 2) a highly precise angle scale that is derived from first principles, and 3) a gamma-ray measurement facility that is coupled to a high flux reactor with near-core source capability. The binding energy is obtained by measuring all gamma-rays in a cascade scheme connecting the capture and ground states. The measurements require the extension of precision flat-crystal diffraction techniques to the 5 to 6 MeV energy region, a significant precision measurement challenge. The binding energies determined from these gamma-ray measurements are consistent with recent highly accurate atomic mass measurements within a relative uncertainty of $4.3 \times 10^{-7}$. The gamma-ray measurement uncertainties are the dominant contributors to the uncertainty of this consistency test. The measured gamma-ray energies are in agreement with earlier precision gamma-ray measurements.Comment: 13 pages, 4 figure

Fundamental Physical Constants: Looking from Different Angles

We consider fundamental physical constants which are among a few of the most important pieces of information we have learned about Nature after its intensive centuries-long studies. We discuss their multifunctional role in modern physics including problems related to the art of measurement, natural and practical units, origin of the constants, their possible calculability and variability etc

Importance of the Doppler Effect to the Determination of the Deuteron Binding Energy

The deuteron binding energy extracted from the reaction ${}^1H(n,\gamma){}^2H$ is reviewed with the exact relativistic formula, where the initial kinetic energy and the Doppler effect are taken into account. We find that the negligible initial kinetic energy of the neutron could cause a significant uncertainty which is beyond the errors available up to now. Therefore, we suggest an experiment which should include the detailed informations about the initial kinetic energy and the detection angle. It could reduce discrepancies among the recently reported values about the deuteron binding energy and pin down the uncertainty due to the Doppler broadening of $\gamma$ ray.Comment: 5 page