Nietzsche and classical greek philosophy: Essays on Socrates, Plato, Aristotle, and Heraclitus

In my dissertation I attempt to answer one question: What is the precise nature of Nietzsche’s view of Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle? I answer this question over four chapters. Each chapter is a self-contained essay that explores the contours of Nietzsche’s ambivalence toward these figures. In Chapter I I show how Nietzsche’s ambivalence toward Socrates is a manifestation of Nietzsche’s ambivalence toward reason. In Chapter II I argue that Nietzsche’s ambivalence toward Plato culminates in four features of Plato’s philosophy: (1) his political philosophy, (2) his metaphysics and epistemology, and (3) his dramatic style. In Chapter III I argue that there are four areas of inquiry that help clarify Nietzsche’s ambivalence toward Aristotle: (1) philosophical methods, (2) ethics, (3) free will, and (4) Greek tragedy. Despite Nietzsche’s attack on Aristotle for misunderstanding the nature of Greek tragedy, I show that Nietzsche owes multiple debts of gratitude for what he seemingly gleaned from the Macedonian philosopher. Finally, in Chapter IV, despite Nietzsche’s objections, I show that the classical Greek philosophers are just as responsible, if not more responsible, than their archaic predecessors for Nietzsche’s intellectual development through a comparative analysis of Nietzsche’s engagement with Plato and Heraclitus

Lattice Thermal Conductivity of Ultra High Temperature Ceramics ZrB2 and HfB2 from Atomistic Simulations

Atomistic Green-Kubo simulations are performed to evaluate the lattice thermal conductivity for single crystals of the ultra high temperature ceramics ZrB2 and HfB2 for a range of temperatures. Recently developed interatomic potentials are used for these simulations. Heat current correlation functions show rapid oscillations which can be identified with mixed metal-Boron optical phonon modes. Agreement with available experimental data is good

Engine Control Improvement through Application of Chaotic Time Series Analysis

The objective of this program was to investigate cyclic variations in spark-ignition (SI) engines under lean fueling conditions and to develop options to reduce emissions of nitrogen oxides (NOx) and particulate matter (PM) in compression-ignition direct-injection (CIDI) engines at high exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) rates. The CIDI activity builds upon an earlier collaboration between ORNL and Ford examining combustion instabilities in SI engines. Under the original CRADA, the principal objective was to understand the fundamental causes of combustion instability in spark-ignition engines operating with lean fueling. The results of this earlier activity demonstrated that such combustion instabilities are dominated by the effects of residual gas remaining in each cylinder from one cycle to the next. A very simple, low-order model was developed that explained the observed combustion instability as a noisy nonlinear dynamical process. The model concept lead to development of a real-time control strategy that could be employed to significantly reduce cyclic variations in real engines using existing sensors and engine control systems. This collaboration led to the issuance of a joint patent for spark-ignition engine control. After a few years, the CRADA was modified to focus more on EGR and CIDI engines. The modified CRADA examined relationships between EGR, combustion, and emissions in CIDI engines. Information from CIDI engine experiments, data analysis, and modeling were employed to identify and characterize new combustion regimes where it is possible to simultaneously achieve significant reductions in NOx and PM emissions. These results were also used to develop an on-line combustion diagnostic (virtual sensor) to make cycle-resolved combustion quality assessments for active feedback control. Extensive experiments on engines at Ford and ORNL led to the development of the virtual sensor concept that may be able to detect simultaneous reductions in NOx and PM emissions under low temperature combustion (LTC) regimes. An invention disclosure was submitted to ORNL for the virtual sensor under the CRADA. Industrial in-kind support was available throughout the project period. Review of the research results were carried out on a regular basis (annual reports and meetings) followed by suggestions for improvement in ongoing work and direction for future work. A significant portion of the industrial support was in the form of experimentation, data analysis, data exchange, and technical consultation

Multiscale Modeling of Grain Boundaries in ZrB2: Structure, Energetics, and Thermal Resistance

A combination of ab initio, atomistic and finite element methods (FEM) were used to investigate the structures, energetics and lattice thermal conductance of grain boundaries for the ultra high temperature ceramic ZrB2. Atomic models of idealized boundaries were relaxed using density functional theory. Information about bonding across the interfaces was determined from the electron localization function. The Kapitza conductance of larger scale versions of the boundary models were computed using non-equilibrium molecular dynamics. The interfacial thermal parameters together with single crystal thermal conductivities were used as parameters in microstructural computations. FEM meshes were constructed on top of microstructural images. From these computations, the effective thermal conductivity of the polycrystalline structure was determined

ICEF2007-1685 MODELING CYCLIC VARIABILITY IN SPARK-ASSISTED HCCI

ABSTRACT Spark assist appears to offer considerable potential for increasing the speed and load range over which homogeneous charge compression ignition (HCCI) is possible in gasoline engines. Numerous experimental studies of the transition between conventional spark-ignited (SI) propagating-flame combustion and HCCI combustion in gasoline engines with spark assist have demonstrated a high degree of deterministic coupling between successive combustion events. Analysis of this coupling suggests that the transition between SI and HCCI can be described as a sequence of bifurcations in a lowdimensional dynamic map. In this paper we describe methods for utilizing the deterministic relationship between cycles to extract global kinetic rate parameters that can be used to discriminate multiple distinct combustion states and develop a more quantitative understanding of the SI-HCCI transition. We demonstrate the application of these methods for indolenecontaining fuels and point out an apparent HCCI mode switching not previously reported. Our results have specific implications for developing dynamic combustion models and feedback control strategies that utilize spark-assist to expand the operating range of HCCI combustion

Beyond Gross-Pitaevskii Mean Field Theory

A large number of effects related to the phenomenon of Bose-Einstein Condensation (BEC) can be understood in terms of lowest order mean field theory, whereby the entire system is assumed to be condensed, with thermal and quantum fluctuations completely ignored. Such a treatment leads to the Gross-Pitaevskii Equation (GPE) used extensively throughout this book. Although this theory works remarkably well for a broad range of experimental parameters, a more complete treatment is required for understanding various experiments, including experiments with solitons and vortices. Such treatments should include the dynamical coupling of the condensate to the thermal cloud, the effect of dimensionality, the role of quantum fluctuations, and should also describe the critical regime, including the process of condensate formation. The aim of this Chapter is to give a brief but insightful overview of various recent theories, which extend beyond the GPE. To keep the discussion brief, only the main notions and conclusions will be presented. This Chapter generalizes the presentation of Chapter 1, by explicitly maintaining fluctuations around the condensate order parameter. While the theoretical arguments outlined here are generic, the emphasis is on approaches suitable for describing single weakly-interacting atomic Bose gases in harmonic traps. Interesting effects arising when condensates are trapped in double-well potentials and optical lattices, as well as the cases of spinor condensates, and atomic-molecular coupling, along with the modified or alternative theories needed to describe them, will not be covered here.Comment: Review Article (19 Pages) - To appear in 'Emergent Nonlinear Phenomena in Bose-Einstein Condensates: Theory and Experiment', Edited by P.G. Kevrekidis, D.J. Frantzeskakis and R. Carretero-Gonzalez (Springer Verlag

Complete loss of TP53 and RB1 is associated with complex genome and low immune infiltrate in pleomorphic rhabdomyosarcoma

Rhabdomyosarcoma accounts for roughly 1% of adult sarcomas, with pleomorphic rhabdomyosarcoma (PRMS) as the most common subtype. Survival outcomes remain poor for patients with PRMS, and little is known about the molecular drivers of this disease. To better characterize PRMS, we performed a broad array of genomic and immunostaining analyses on 25 patient samples. In terms of gene expression and methylation, PRMS clustered more closely with other complex karyotype sarcomas than with pediatric alveolar and embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma. Immune infiltrate levels in PRMS were among the highest observed in multiple sarcoma types and contrasted with low levels in other rhabdomyosarcoma subtypes. Lower immune infiltrate was associated with complete loss of both TP53 and RB1. This comprehensive characterization of the genetic, epigenetic, and immune landscape of PRMS provides a roadmap for improved prognostications and therapeutic exploration

Chesapeake Bay Bibliography - Volume I The James River

The Chesapeake Bay Bibliography was initiated by the Virginia Institute of Marine Science in response to growing resource management problems of the Chesapeake Bay and its tributaries. With these problems came the realization that planning and management of such a great natural resource is an overwhelming task requiring the best available information. This bibliography, therefore, was undertaken to document existing sources of information, to help identify research and data gathering needs, and to develop a comprehensive research and information services programs for individuals interested in research on, and management of the natural resources of the Chesapeake Bay region. The James River Bibliography is a subject index of literature concerning the James Basin. See also: Volumes II - Virginia (1972) focused the respective segments of the Chesapeake Bay and its tributaries.Link Volume III - Maryland (1975) focused the respective segments of the Chesapeake Bay and its tributaries. Link Volume IV - Virginia Waters (1976) includes and updates the water resource-oriented citations contained in Volumes I and II, and it also identifies information sources dealing with the land resources of Virginia\u27s nine coastal planning regions. Link Volume V - Virginia and Maryland Waters (1981) covers the entire Bay and its tributaries, from the fall line of the Susquehanna River, south through Maryland and Virginia to the Hampton Roads area and extends three miles into the territorial offshore waters of Virginia. The Virginia segment of the Eastern Shore on the Delmarva Peninsula is also included. Lin