Usage patterns, health, and nutritional status of long-term multiple dietary supplement users: a cross-sectional study

© 2007 Block et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Licens

A diagnostic algorithm for the atherogenic apolipoprotein B dyslipoproteinemias.

Item does not contain fulltextGiven the high prevalence of the atherogenic forms of apolipoprotein B (apoB) dyslipoproteinemias and the effectiveness of appropriate therapy, we feel that access for all physicians to simple, effective diagnostic aids that enable use of widely available technology is vitally important in clinical lipidology. In this Review, therefore, we present a diagnostic algorithm for the diagnosis of these disorders that is based on concentrations of total cholesterol, triglyceride and apoB. By including apoB values, lipoprotein number and composition can be deduced and each of the classic dyslipoproteinemias identified. All three parameters can be accurately and inexpensively determined in clinical laboratories and, therefore, this algorithm can be used by any physician to make an accurate diagnosis without use of specialist research laboratories. Just as the application of LDL cholesterol measurement moved clinical practice forward from plasma lipids to lipoprotein lipids, we believe that the use of apoB will further advance diagnosis and treatment of dyslipoproteinemias

A lifestyle intervention program for successfully addressing major cardiometabolic risks in persons with SCI: a three-subject case series

INTRODUCTION: This study is a prospective case series analyzing the effects of a comprehensive lifestyle intervention program in three patients with chronic paraplegia having major risks for the cardiometabolic syndrome (CMS). CASE PRESENTATION: Individuals underwent an intense 6-month program of circuit resistance exercise, nutrition using a Mediterranean diet and behavioral support, followed by a 6-month extension (maintenance) phase involving minimal support. The primary goal was a 7% reduction of body mass. Other outcomes analyzed insulin resistance using the HOMA-IR model, and plasma levels of fasting triglycerides and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. All participants achieved the goal for 7% reduction of body mass and maintained the loss after the MP. Improvements were observed in 2/3 subjects for HOMA-IR and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. All participants improved their risk for plasma triglycerides. DISCUSSION: We conclude, in a three-person case series of persons with chronic paraplegia, a lifestyle intervention program involving circuit resistance training, a calorie-restrictive Mediterranean-style diet and behavioral support, results in clinically significant loss of body mass and effectively reduced component risks for CMS and diabetes. These results were for the most part maintained after a 6-month MP involving minimal supervision