AS MULHERES DE GODOFREDO RANGEL

Este artigo é uma leitura de cinco contos do autor mineiro José Godofredo de Moura Rangel (1884-1951). Os relatos são retirados de sua obra Os Humildes, que veio a público em 1944 pela editora Universitária. A ideia que orienta esta escrita busca destacar algumas figuras femininas que estão presentes nos contos escolhidos, partindo dos conceitos de infância, morte e hospitalidade. Para o exame dos mesmos, um dos critérios utilizados é a situação de protagonismo de algumas dessas personagens ou mesmo sua grande relevância mesmo não estando nessa posição. É verdade que há outras figuras destacadas em outros contos, mas em um artigo, não se pode estender muito as considerações, o que nos traz de volta à escolha feita. Portanto, a análise debruça-se sobre os seguintes relatos, indicados na ordem em que aparecem no livro: O Legado, As Pequeninas, Diante de Deus, A Louca e A Princezinha.

L’éducation précédant la sortie de l’hôpital (ETP sh), nouvelle forme d’éducation thérapeutique. Critères de qualité et perspectives d’application à notre contexte

Patient education prior to discharge from hospital is a practice developed under the name of “discharge education” (DE) in the Anglo-Saxon countries. This new form of patient education targets acute and sometimes chronic patients and concerns all hospital specialties; it aims to facilitate the transition “hospital-home” and avoid early readmissions. In this article we want to outline a framework of indications and effects of DE, starting from an analysis of the international literature, and identify its quality criteria in order to forecast the conditions of its application to our context. A scoping review allowed us to examine 43 scientific studies specifically related to the description, analysis and evaluation of discharge education, as well as some recommendations. Almost half of the studies are published in Nursing Science journals. DE is an intense and short educational intervention (30 minutes to an hour) delivered mainly in acute situations. Paediatrics has the largest number of publications together with post-operative care. In most studies, DE is effective in improving clinical and psychosocial parameters, reducing early admissions, increasing skills and patient compliance. To achieve its goals, DE must be structured and include systematic follow up. Focused on the patient’s needs and his learning ability, it uses a specific interactive pedagogy to which caregivers must be trained. The analysis of the international research leaves no doubt about the positive contributions of DE. It would be important for caregivers and policymakers to look at it as an opportunity to improve the quality of care and to humanize it

Evaluating regulatory strategies for mitigating hydrological risk in Brazil through diversification of its electricity mix

Hydroelectricity provides approximately 65% of Brazil’s power generating capacity, making the country vulnerable to droughts, which are becoming increasingly frequent. Current energy law and policy responses to the problem rely on a sectorial approach and prioritise energy security and market regulation. Brazil has opted to increase energy security levels during periods of hydrological variability with national grid interconnection and thermal plants backup. Additionally, Brazil has created the Energy Reallocation Mechanism (MRE) to manage the generators’ financial impacts in times of insufficient water. This policy, however, was unable to avoid the high financial exposure of generators in the spot market during the severe droughts experienced in the period 2013-2017. To explore how a more diversified electricity matrix can contribute to reducing hydrological risk, this article uses Integrated Assessment Modelling (IAM) techniques to analyse future macroeconomic and energy scenarios for Brazil in a global context, aligned with the Brazilian Nationally Determined Contributions (NDC) under the 2015 Paris Agreement on Climate Change. We show that the addition of non-hydro renewables is an advantage from the integrated Water-Energy-Food nexus perspective because it reduces trade-offs amongst the water and energy sectors. Our conclusions suggest that a nexus perspective can provide useful insights on how to design energy laws and policies.Philomathia Foundation; Cambridge Humanities Research Grant

Local Difference Measures between Complex Networks for Dynamical System Model Evaluation

Acknowledgments We thank Reik V. Donner for inspiring suggestions that initialized the work presented herein. Jan H. Feldhoff is credited for providing us with the STARS simulation data and for his contributions to fruitful discussions. Comments by the anonymous reviewers are gratefully acknowledged as they led to substantial improvements of the manuscript.Peer reviewedPublisher PD

Lutzomyia adiketis sp. n. (Diptera: Phlebotomidae), a vector of Paleoleishmania neotropicum sp. n. (Kinetoplastida: Trypanosomatidae) in Dominican amber

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Amber fossils can be used to trace the history of disease-vector associations because microorganisms are preserved "in situ" inside the alimentary tract and body cavity of blood-sucking insects.</p> <p>Results</p> <p><it>Lutzomyia adiketis </it>sp. n. (Phlebotomidae: Diptera) is described from Dominican amber as a vector of <it>Paleoleishmania neotropicum </it>sp. n. (Kinetoplastida: Trypanosomatidae). The fossil sand fly differs from all previously described extinct and extant members of the genus by the following combination of characters: Sc forked with the branches meeting the costa and radius veins; wing L/W value of 4.1; a δ value of 18; a ratio β/α value of 0.86, and the shape and size of the spatulate rods on the ninth sternite. The trypanosomatid is characterized by the structure of its promastigotes, amastigotes and paramastigotes and its transmission by an extinct species of sand fly.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>Morphological characters show that the fossil sand fly is a new extinct species and that it is host to a digenetic species of trypanosomatid. This study provides the first fossil evidence that Neotropical sand flies were vectors of trypanosomatids in the mid-Tertiary (20–30 mya).</p

QiSampler: evaluation of scoring schemes for high-throughput datasets using a repetitive sampling strategy on gold standards

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>High-throughput biological experiments can produce a large amount of data showing little overlap with current knowledge. This may be a problem when evaluating alternative scoring mechanisms for such data according to a gold standard dataset because standard statistical tests may not be appropriate.</p> <p>Findings</p> <p>To address this problem we have implemented the QiSampler tool that uses a repetitive sampling strategy to evaluate several scoring schemes or experimental parameters for any type of high-throughput data given a gold standard. We provide two example applications of the tool: selection of the best scoring scheme for a high-throughput protein-protein interaction dataset by comparison to a dataset derived from the literature, and evaluation of functional enrichment in a set of tumour-related differentially expressed genes from a thyroid microarray dataset.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>QiSampler is implemented as an open source R script and a web server, which can be accessed at <url>http://cbdm.mdc-berlin.de/tools/sampler/</url>.</p

A hypothetico-deductive approach to assessing the social function of chemical signalling in a non-territorial solitary carnivore

The function of chemical signalling in non-territorial solitary carnivores is still relatively unclear. Studies on territorial solitary and social carnivores have highlighted odour capability and utility, however the social function of chemical signalling in wild carnivore populations operating dominance hierarchy social systems has received little attention. We monitored scent marking and investigatory behaviour of wild brown bears Ursus arctos, to test multiple hypotheses relating to the social function of chemical signalling. Camera traps were stationed facing bear ‘marking trees’ to document behaviour by different age sex classes in different seasons. We found evidence to support the hypothesis that adult males utilise chemical signalling to communicate dominance to other males throughout the non-denning period. Adult females did not appear to utilise marking trees to advertise oestrous state during the breeding season. The function of marking by subadult bears is somewhat unclear, but may be related to the behaviour of adult males. Subadults investigated trees more often than they scent marked during the breeding season, which could be a result of an increased risk from adult males. Females with young showed an increase in marking and investigation of trees outside of the breeding season. We propose the hypothesis that females engage their dependent young with marking trees from a young age, at a relatively ‘safe’ time of year. Memory, experience, and learning at a young age, may all contribute towards odour capabilities in adult bears