202 research outputs found
Recommended from our members
On the implications of aerosol liquid water and phase separation for modeled organic aerosol mass
Water is an important component of PM2.5 Many traditional SOA species are highly soluble and thus can be considered extractable Water can influence the partitioning of compounds traditionally considered insoluble in models Organic aerosol takes up water according to RH Organic aerosol interacts with inorganic water Deviations in ideality (solubility) must be considered
Co-targeting PIM and PI3K/mTOR using multikinase inhibitor AUM302 and a combination of AZD-1208 and BEZ235 in prostate cancer
PIM and PI3K/mTOR pathways are often dysregulated in prostate cancer, and may lead to decreased
survival, increased metastasis and invasion. The pathways are heavily interconnected and act on a
variety of common efectors that can lead to the development of resistance to drug inhibitors. Most
current treatments exhibit issues with toxicity and resistance. We investigated the novel multikinase
PIM/PI3K/mTOR inhibitor, AUM302, versus a combination of the PIM inhibitor, AZD-1208, and the
PI3K/mTOR inhibitor BEZ235 (Dactolisib) to determine their impact on mRNA and phosphoprotein
expression, as well as their functional efcacy. We have determined that around 20% of prostate
cancer patients overexpress the direct targets of these drugs, and this cohort are more likely to have a
high Gleason grade tumour (≥Gleason 8). A co-targeted inhibition approach ofered broader inhibition
of genes and phosphoproteins in the PI3K/mTOR pathway, when compared to single kinase inhibition.
The preclinical inhibitor AUM302, used at a lower dose, elicited a comparable or superior functional
outcome compared with combined AZD-1208 +BEZ235, which have been investigated in clinical trials,
and could help to reduce treatment toxicity in future trials. We believe that a co-targeting approach is
a viable therapeutic strategy that should be developed further in pre-clinical studies
The ESR1 (6q25) locus is associated with calcaneal ultrasound parameters and radial volumetric bone mineral density in European men.
A validation of the first genome-wide association study of calcaneus ultrasound parameters in the European Male Ageing Study.
Two successful pregnancies in a woman with chronic myeloid leukemia exposed to nilotinib during the first trimester of her second pregnancy: case study
The occurrence of chronic myeloid leukemia in pregnancy is rare and its management poses a clinical challenge for physicians treating these patients. We report a 30-year-old woman with chronic myeloid leukemia who became pregnant twice successfully. Philadelphia-positive CML in its chronic phase was diagnosed at 16 weeks of her first gestation. At that time, she received no treatment throughout her pregnancy. At 38 weeks of gestation, a normal infant was delivered by cesarean section. At six weeks postpartum, the patient underwent imatinib mesylate therapy but she could not tolerate the treatment. The treatment was then changed to nilotinib at 400 mg orally b.i.d. Two years later, she became pregnant again while she was on nilotinib 200 mg b.i.d. The unplanned pregnancy was identified during her 7.4 weeks of gestation. Because the patient elected to continue her pregnancy, nilotinib was stopped immediately, and no further treatment was given until delivery. Neither obstetrical complications nor structural malformations in neonates in both pregnancies were observed. Both babies' growth and development have been normal. Although this experience is limited to a single patient, the success of this patient demonstrates that the management of chronic myeloid leukemia in pregnant women may be individualized based on the relative risks and benefits of the patient and fetus
X-ray Studies of Exoplanets: A 2020 Decadal Survey White Paper
Over the last two decades, the discovery of exoplanets has fundamentally changed our perception of the universe and humanity's place within it. Recent work indicates that a solar system's X-ray and high energy particle environment is of fundamental importance to the formation and development of the atmospheres of close-in planets such as hot Jupiters, and Earth-like planets around M stars. X-ray imaging and spectroscopy provide powerful and unique windows into the high energy flux that an exoplanet experiences, and X-ray photons also serve as proxies for potentially transfigurative coronal mass ejections. Finally, if the host star is a bright enough X-ray source, transit measurements akin to those in the optical and infrared are possible and allow for direct characterization of the upper atmospheres of exoplanets. In this brief white paper, we discuss contributions to the study of exoplanets and their environs which can be made by X-ray data of increasingly high quality that are achievable in the next 10--15 years
Turing Patterns Inside Cells
Concentration gradients inside cells are involved in key processes such as cell division and morphogenesis. Here we show that a model of the enzymatic step catalized by phosphofructokinase (PFK), a step which is responsible for the appearance of homogeneous oscillations in the glycolytic pathway, displays Turing patterns with an intrinsic length-scale that is smaller than a typical cell size. All the parameter values are fully consistent with classic experiments on glycolytic oscillations and equal diffusion coefficients are assumed for ATP and ADP. We identify the enzyme concentration and the glycolytic flux as the possible regulators of the pattern. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first closed example of Turing pattern formation in a model of a vital step of the cell metabolism, with a built-in mechanism for changing the diffusion length of the reactants, and with parameter values that are compatible with experiments. Turing patterns inside cells could provide a check-point that combines mechanical and biochemical information to trigger events during the cell division process
Effects of ischemic preconditioning on ischemia/reperfusion-induced arrhythmias by upregulatation of connexin 43 expression
Natural ultrasonic echoes from wing beating insects are encoded by collicular neurons in the CF-FM bat,Rhinolophus ferrumequinum
- …