20 research outputs found
Comprehensive genetic dissection of wood properties in a widely-grown tropical tree: Eucalyptus
Background: Eucalyptus is an important genus in industrial plantations throughout the world and is grown for use as timber, pulp, paper and charcoal. Several breeding programmes have been launched worldwide to concomitantly improve growth performance and wood properties (WPs). In this study, an interspecific cross between Eucalyptus urophylla and E. grandis was used to identify major genomic regions (Quantitative Trait Loci, QTL) controlling the variability of WPs. Results: Linkage maps were generated for both parent species. A total of 117 QTLs were detected for a series of wood and end-use related traits, including chemical, technological, physical, mechanical and anatomical properties. The QTLs were mainly clustered into five linkage groups. In terms of distribution of QTL effects, our result agrees with the typical L-shape reported in most QTL studies, i.e. most WP QTLs had limited effects and only a few (13) had major effects (phenotypic variance explained > 15%). The co-locations of QTLs for different WPs as well as QTLs and candidate genes are discussed in terms of phenotypic correlations between traits, and of the function of the candidate genes. The major wood property QTL harbours a gene encoding a Cinnamoyl CoA reductase (CCR), a structural enzyme of the monolignol-specific biosynthesis pathway. Conclusions: Given the number of traits analysed, this study provides a comprehensive understanding of the genetic architecture of wood properties in this Eucalyptus full-sib pedigree. At the dawn of Eucalyptus genome sequence, it will provide a framework to identify the nature of genes underlying these important quantitative traits. (Résumé d'auteur
Panorama da ginĂĄstica artĂstica feminina brasileira de alto rendimento esportivo: progressĂŁo, realidade e necessidades
The complete mitochondrial genome of the threatened Neotropical catfish Lophiosilurus alexandri (Silurifomes: Pseudopimelodidae) and phylogenomic analysis indicate monophyly of Pimelodoidea
Morphologic and morphometric analysis of the root canal apical third cleaning after biomechanical preparation using 3.3% Ricinus communis detergent and 1% NaOCl as irrigating solutions
Gelatin in replacement of bovine heart in feed training ofLophiosilurus alexandri in different water salinities
Metopic suture craniosynostosis: sodium valproate teratogenic effect. Case report
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Previous issue date: 2001Objective: the aim of this report is to warn that sodium valproate used during pregnancy can produce craniosynostosis in the newborn, particularly trigonocephaly. Method: we describe a case of trigonocephaly in a six month-old girl, daughter of a young non-smoker couple, whose mother had used phenobarbital 100 mg daily and sodium valproate 500 mg twice daily during the whole pregnancy. We also review current literature about this topic. Result: bone sclerosis over the metopic suture was confirmed during surgery. Bibliographical review yields previous reports on valproate teratogenicity, mainly determining metopic suture craniosynostosis. Conclusion: sodium valproate used during pregnancy can produce craniosynostosis by teratogenic effect, specially trigonocephaly (premature fusion of metopic suture)., Fac Med; Univ Sao Paulo, Area Concentracao Neurol, BR-05508 Sao Paulo, Brazil; Hosp Santa Isabel Cli
ExercĂcio fĂsico versus programa de exercĂcio pela eletroestimulação com aparelhos de uso domĂ©stico Physical exercise versus exercise program using electrical stimulation devices for home use
OBJETIVO: Avaliar os efeitos da eletroestimulação por aparelhos de uso domĂ©stico sobre o condicionamento neuromuscular. MĂTODOS: A amostra foi composta por 20 mulheres voluntĂĄrias, sedentĂĄrias, destras, com idades entre 18 a 25 anos em MaceiĂł, estado de Alagoas, em 2006. As mulheres foram divididas aleatoriamente em dois grupos: as do grupo A foram submetidas a eletroestimulação passiva com aparelhos comerciais e as do grupo B, a exercĂcio fĂsico com resistĂȘncia. O programa de treinamento dos grupos totalizou 16 sessĂ”es em dois meses, com duas sessĂ”es semanais. As comparaçÔes do peso corporal, da cirtometria, fleximetria, e da força muscular antes e apĂłs os exercĂcios, foram utilizadas utilizando-se o teste T pareado. Nas comparaçÔes entre os grupos A e B, foi utilizado o teste t de Student. O nĂvel de significĂąncia adotado foi de 5%. RESULTADOS: A comparação da força muscular medida de forma subjetiva antes e apĂłs cada um dos procedimentos, mostrou que ocorreu aumento da força em ambos os grupos. Foram observados aumentos significantes na massa e na força muscular apenas nos indivĂduos que realizaram exercĂcio voluntĂĄrio. O exercĂcio fĂsico resistido de flexo-extensĂŁo dos joelhos foi efetivo em aumentar massa e força muscular, ao contrĂĄrio das sessĂ”es de eletroestimulação com correntes de freqĂŒĂȘncia de pulsos de 87 Hz, que nĂŁo tiveram o mesmo efeito. CONCLUSĂES: Os resultados encontrados mostraram que os aparelhos de eletroestimulação para ganho passivo de condicionamento fĂsico comercializados sĂŁo menos eficientes do que a prĂĄtica de exercĂcio fĂsico voluntĂĄrio.<br>OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effects of electrical muscle stimulation with devices for home use on neuromuscular conditioning. METHODS: The study sample comprised 20 sedentary, right-handed, voluntary women aged from 18 to 25 years in the city of MaceiĂł, Northeastern Brazil, in 2006. Subjects were randomly divided into two groups: group A included women who underwent muscle stimulation using commercial electrical devices; group B included those women who performed physical activities with loads. The training program for both groups consisted of two weekly sessions for two months, in a total of 16 sessions. Comparisons of body weight, cirtometry, fleximetry, and muscle strength before and after exercise were determined using the paired t-test. For the comparisons between both groups, Student's t-test was used and a 5% significance level was adopted. RESULTS: Muscle strength subjectively assessed before and after each intervention was increased in both groups. Significant increases in muscle mass and strength were seen only in those subjects who performed voluntary physical activity. Resisted knee flexion and extension exercises effectively increased muscle mass and strength when compared to electrical stimulation at 87 Hz which did not produce a similar effect. CONCLUSIONS: The study results showed that electrical stimulation devices for passive physical exercising commercially available are less effective than voluntary physical exercise