Screening of selected wood-damaging fungi for the HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitors

Iz 57 vrst lesnih gliv sta bili pripravljeni dve seriji izvlečkov. V prvi so bili izvlečki, pripravljeni z metanolom, v drugi pa z diklormetanom. Preizkušenih je bilo 63 vzorcev, saj so bile nekatere vrste zastopane z večjim številom izolatov. Izvlečkom smo in vitro preizkusili inhibitorno aktivnost na HIV-1 reverzno transkriptazo s pomočjo neradioaktivne metode. 13 metanolnih izvlečkov je inhibiralo encim več kot 40-odstotno, med njimi sta dva inhibirala encim več kot 80-odstotno. Najbolj učinkovita sta bila izvlečka gliv Laetiporus sulphuerus in Poria monticola, sledita jim izvlečka vrst Poria vaillanti in Chondrostereum purpureum. V nadaljevanju raziskave smo ugotavljali inhibitorno aktivnost različitih izolatov glive Laetiporus sulphureus. Najbolj aktivne izvlečke smo frakcionirali s pomočjo preparativne tekočinske kromatografije. Domnevamo, da bi bila lahko v najbolj aktivni frakciji prisotna spojina ali spojine, ki so kisle narave in imajo v strukturi amino skupino.Extracts obtained by using methanol and dichloromethane from 57 species of wood damaging fungi were investigated for their ability to inhibit HIV-1 reverse transcriptase activity in vitro using non-radioactive assay. Sixty tree samples were tested all together; some species were represented by more than one isolate. Thirteen methanol extracts exhibited more than 40% inhibition and two among them inhibited the enzyme more than 80%. All extracts obtained with dichloromethane were inferior to methanolic extracts in their inhibitory activity. The most active fungal species discovered in the first screening were Laetiporus sulphureus and Poria monticola, followed by Poria vaillanti and Chondrostereum purpureum. In the second screening, Laetiporus sulphureus was selected for detailed examination and different isolates were tested. Preliminary findings confirmed a presence of acidic compound with amino group in the most active fraction

Screening of selected wood-damaging fungi for the HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitors

Iz 57 vrst lesnih gliv sta bili pripravljeni dve seriji izvlečkov. V prvi so bili izvlečki, pripravljeni z metanolom, v drugi pa z diklormetanom. Preizkušenih je bilo 63 vzorcev, saj so bile nekatere vrste zastopane z večjim številom izolatov. Izvlečkom smo in vitro preizkusili inhibitorno aktivnost na HIV-1 reverzno transkriptazo s pomočjo neradioaktivne metode. 13 metanolnih izvlečkov je inhibiralo encim več kot 40-odstotno, med njimi sta dva inhibirala encim več kot 80-odstotno. Najbolj učinkovita sta bila izvlečka gliv Laetiporus sulphuerus in Poria monticola, sledita jim izvlečka vrst Poria vaillanti in Chondrostereum purpureum. V nadaljevanju raziskave smo ugotavljali inhibitorno aktivnost različitih izolatov glive Laetiporus sulphureus. Najbolj aktivne izvlečke smo frakcionirali s pomočjo preparativne tekočinske kromatografije. Domnevamo, da bi bila lahko v najbolj aktivni frakciji prisotna spojina ali spojine, ki so kisle narave in imajo v strukturi amino skupino.Extracts obtained by using methanol and dichloromethane from 57 species of wood damaging fungi were investigated for their ability to inhibit HIV-1 reverse transcriptase activity in vitro using non-radioactive assay. Sixty tree samples were tested all together; some species were represented by more than one isolate. Thirteen methanol extracts exhibited more than 40% inhibition and two among them inhibited the enzyme more than 80%. All extracts obtained with dichloromethane were inferior to methanolic extracts in their inhibitory activity. The most active fungal species discovered in the first screening were Laetiporus sulphureus and Poria monticola, followed by Poria vaillanti and Chondrostereum purpureum. In the second screening, Laetiporus sulphureus was selected for detailed examination and different isolates were tested. Preliminary findings confirmed a presence of acidic compound with amino group in the most active fraction

Content of atropine and scopolamine in poisonous solanaceae plants from Slovenia

<p><strong>Background:</strong> Some species from the Solanaceae family are still the cause of serious poisoning among youth in Slovenia. Usually intoxication is due to abuse of these plants to provoke hallucinations. There is still not enough data about the alkaloid content of these plants growing in Slovenia.</p><p><strong>Methods:</strong> Different plant samples were analyzed for the content of atropine and scopolamine with capillary electrophoresis after solid phase extraction of alkaloids. Plants were gathered from different areas of Slovenia between April and September 2004.</p><p><strong>Results:</strong> Results were compared and possible correlations between the alkaloid content and species, plant parts, growth conditions, and time of harvest were suggested. Atropine and scopolamine contents were assessed in deadly nightshade (Atropa belladonna L.), thorn apple (Datura stramonium L.), scopolia (Scopolia carniolica Jacq.) and angel trumpet. The common name angel trumpet is used for Datura inoxia Mill. as well as for different Brugmansia Pers. species. The most intriguing results were the variable alkaloid content in various Brugmansia species and generally great differences in alkaloid content among various plants and their plant parts.</p><p><strong>Conclusions:</strong> All investigated plants have noticeable atropine and/or scopolamine content. The content is variable between various plants and their plant parts and therefore special care should be taken in cases of possible intoxication. It was shown that smaller or greater amounts of ingested drug can cause the same level of intoxication due to the variability in alkaloid content.</p

Optimal conditions for extraction and simultaneous determination of sulfamethoxazole and trimethoprim in pharmaceuticals by micellar electrokinetic capillary chromatography

A micellar electrokinetic capillary chromatography was performed at 25 degrees C and 30 kV (under pressure of 15 mbar), with 30 mM berate buffer (pH 9.0), 60 mM sodium dodecysulfate, and 10% (v/v) ethanol as background electrolyte for the determination of sulfamethoxazole and trimethoprim. UV detection was at 205 nm. Recoveries were optimal and acceptable after extraction with ethanol / deionized water (1:1, v/v) for both investigated compounds from laboratory mixtures of standards. The method was shown to be specific, accurate (recoveries were 99.9 +/- 0.4% for sulfamethoxazole and 99.8 +/- 0.3% for trimethoprim), linear over the tested ranges (correlation coefficients >= 0.9990) and precise (RSD below 0.6%). The method was applied to determine sulfamethoxazole and trimethoprim in tablets, powder for cutaneous use and solution for infusion