Neolitická dřevěná architektura: objev středoevropského lidstva?

Článek se zabývá počátky neolitické dřevěné architektury, kterou známe ve střední Evropě od kultury s lineární keramikou.Article deals with the origins of neolithic wooden architecture, that appears in Central Europe simultaneously with the beginning of the linear pottery culture

DRVENA ARHITEKTURA, KOMBINIRANJE RAZLIČITIH TEHNIKA

The paper discusses particular techniques of building wooden houses, which combine long construction elements and wattle and daub, based on the evidence from the Balkans and Central Europe, using analogies from other parts of the world from the Early Iron Age. The discussion is based on ground plans, impressions in the daub and archaeological evidence.Ovaj znanstveni rad govori o specifičnim tehnikama izgradnje drvenih kuća koje kombiniraju dugačke konstruktivne elemente i kućni maz, na temelju dokaza s Balkanskog poluotoka i iz Srednje Europe, uz korištenje analogija iz drugih dijelova svijeta iz ranog željeznog doba. Rasprava se temelji na tlocrtima, otiscima u glini i nalazima

Some Early Iron Age symbols and their possible interpretations

The shape of feminine Chalcolithic idols appears again in bronze and clay in the Early Iron Age; their meaning was apparently similar, as attested also by the anagram on the base of a ritual loom weight from Pistiros

Amber as Jewellery, Status Symbol and Work of Art

The paper presents a Late Archaic Italic amber head from the collections of the National Museum in Prague, with some brief notes on the amber routes, and role of amber in exchange of keimelia, wedding gifts and antidorons. The studied head is compared with stylistic particularities of heads and figurines, from fine Ionian oeuvres to cruder Italic and Etruscan varieties

doc. PhDr. Slavomil Vencl, DrSc. 18th October 1936 – 23rd June 2019

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Thirty Years of Interdisciplinary Research at the Site of Pistiros

The Thracian land was a very attractive place for the ancient Greeks and their economic expansion. At the end of the 5th century BC, the Greek inland emporion, known as Pistiros, was founded on the upper Maritsa River in inner Thrace, today south‑central Bulgaria. More than twenty‑five years of successful international cooperation of archaeology with environmental sciences has revealed the existence of a very important commercial centre with connections in the Thracian and the Aegean regions. The study summarizes the current state of research on the urbanized settlement and the river port. The environmental investigation, including the combined archaeobotanical and chemical analyses of organic residues in ceramics assessed here, as well as geomorphological research, contribute to a better understanding of the socio‑economic development of this unique archaeological site in Thrace

Bemerkungen zur keltischen Kunst und zu mediterranen Importen in Frühlatènezeit in Böhmen

The paper presents new ideas on interpretation of the Early La Tène art and new studies of Mediterranean imports in central Europe (pottery, bronze vessels and glass) taking into account the context of their creation but also of their deposition (with the probable significance of ‘objects of memory’). Not all the pieces must have been trade goods brought through the Salt route; some may be results of individual events (transaction gifts, dowry in diplomatic marriages, heritage – keimelia). The examples of the Mediterranean technique, crafts and science were more important than the imported objects themselves. The latter are clear proofs of contacts while the imitations and reflexions of Mediterranean models show that these models or ideas were more or less known also in the more distant regions

Overview: State-of-the Art Commercial Membranes for Anion Exchange Membrane Water Electrolysis

One promising way to store and distribute large amounts of renewable energy is water electrolysis, coupled with transport of hydrogen in the gas grid and storage in tanks and caverns. The intermittent availability of renewal energy makes it difficult to integrate it with established alkaline water electrolysis technology. Proton exchange membrane (PEM) water electrolysis is promising, but limited by the necessity to use expensive platinum and iridium catalysts. The expected solution is anion exchange membrane (AEM) water electrolysis, which combines the use of cheap and abundant catalyst materials with the advantages of PEM water electrolysis, namely a low foot print, large operational capacity, and fast response to changing operating conditions. The key component for AEM water electrolysis is a cheap, stable, gas tight and highly hydroxide conductive polymeric AEM. Here we present target values and technical requirements for AEMs, discuss the chemical structures involved and the related degradation pathways, and give an overview over the most prominent and promising commercial AEMs (Fumatech Fumasep® FAA3, Tokuyama A201, Ionomr Aemion™, Dioxide materials Sustainion®, and membranes commercialized by Orion Polymer), and review their properties and performances of water electrolyzers using these membranes

Les Cimmériens en Anatolie

Les Cimmériens semblent avoir été un peuple nomade vivant à l'origine dans les steppes de la Sibérie occidentale ; par la suite ils se sont fixés pour longtemps dans les steppes pontiques non loin de la mer d'Azov et de Koban ; leur production de bronzes, en grande partie, est semblable aux bronzes caucasiens. Dès le IXe siècle ils sont repoussés par les Scythes, et plusieurs de leurs groupes avancent jusqu'à la partie orientale de l'Europe centrale (où on trouve des bronzes dits thraco-cimmériens) et à l'est des Balkans où leur art de caractère caucasien influença fortement les premiers bronzes thraces et macédoniens, vraisemblement produits par les tribus que Strabon dit alliées des Cimmériens (Treres, Edoni). Les Cimmériens quittèrent le reste de la région pontique dans la seconde moitié du VIIIe siècle, après la lutte fratricide de leurs « rois », et une partie d'entre eux suivit la mer Noire jusqu'au territoire d'Urartu. Les campagnes militaires des Cimmériens en Anatolie sont venues de l'Est, mais aussi partiellement des Balkans. Leur nombre relativement faible et le caractère social des compagnies militaires qui profitaient de la population locale paysanne ont préparé leur rapide extinction. Leur assimilation à l'aristocratie locale fut encore plus rapide après les défaites qui rendirent plus faible la cohésion sociale de leurs groupes. Les bronzes caucasiens trouvés dans la Grèce de l'Est peuvent être en partie le témoignage de l'invasion cimmérienne, mais, bien souvent, il s'agit d'objets acquis par le commerce, de même que les bronzes importés de nombreuses régions orientales en Grèce.Bouzek Jan. Les Cimmériens en Anatolie. In: Modes de contacts et processus de transformation dans les sociétés anciennes. Actes du colloque de Cortone (24-30 mai 1981) Rome : École Française de Rome, 1983. pp. 145-161. (Publications de l'École française de Rome, 67