21,148 research outputs found
Addressing Minority Health Disparities in Richmond: Results from a Health Needs Assessment of a Southside Community
Background:
Evidence shows the effectiveness of integrating community health workers (CHWs) into care models serving high-risk patients to reduce emergency department (ED) use, increase primary care use, and address adverse social determinants of health (SDH). The Southwood Resource Center, part of a network of clinics established by Richmond City Health Department, utilizes CHWs to address disparities affecting underserved populations through primary care referrals and additional resource linkages. Local student-volunteers in partnership with CHWs conducted a community needs assessment to identify patient resource gaps, aid in design and implementation of SDH interventions, and examine the relationship between chronic disease management and ED use reductions.
Methods:
English and Spanish-language surveys were conducted during patient visits to the SRC, in addition to other settings to facilitate representative sampling. A total of 134 responses were received, with Blacks (34%) and Hispanic/Latinos (65%) well represented.
Results:
Significant social determinants identified by the needs assessment included housing stability, and transportation and food access. Respondents indicated need for support managing chronic conditions including heart disease, diabetes, mental health and asthma. 1 in 3 respondents (31%) reported using the ED for primary care, and nearly 2 in 3 (66%) reported not having a family doctor. Barriers to health care included cost (35.6%), insurance status (50.4%) and transportation access (29.6%).
Conclusions:
CHWs play an important role in identifying community strengths and resource gaps and linking patients to additional resources. Opportunities for service improvements include bilingual care coordination, chronic care management, health insurance navigation, food subsistence resources, and transportation support.https://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/gradposters/1104/thumbnail.jp
Energy Burden and Owning a Home: Understanding the Effect of Energy Costs on the Owner-Occupied Housing Rate
This paper examines the factors that are associated with owner-occupied housing rates in Southern California cities during 2021. The data is from the United States Census Bureau and the United States Department of Energy. In addition to factors included in previous studies, such as demographic and characteristics about the real estate market as well as the local economy, this study examines the burden of energy costs on owner-occupied housing rates. It is expected that the relationship between energy burden (percent of income spent on energy costs) and the owner-occupied housing rate is negative. The model will factor in demographic, real estate market, general well-being, and economic variables to best explain the variance among entities
Galaxy-Scale Outflows Driven by Active Galactic Nuclei
We present hydrodynamical simulations of major mergers of galaxies and study
the effects of winds produced by active galactic nuclei (AGN) on interstellar
gas in the AGN's host galaxy. We consider winds with initial velocities ~
10,000 km/s and an initial momentum (energy) flux of ~ tau_w L/c (~ 0.01 tau_w
L), with tau_w ~ 1-10. The AGN wind sweeps up and shock heats the surrounding
interstellar gas, leading to a galaxy-scale outflow with velocities ~ 1000
km/s, peak mass outflow rates comparable to the star formation rate, and a
total ejected gas mass ~ 3 x 10^9 M_sun. Large momentum fluxes, tau_w > 3, are
required for the AGN-driven galactic outflow to suppress star formation and
accretion in the black hole's host galaxy. Less powerful AGN winds (tau_w < 3)
still produce a modest galaxy-scale outflow, but the outflow has little global
effect on the ambient interstellar gas. We argue that this mechanism of AGN
feedback can plausibly produce the high velocity outflows observed in
post-starburst galaxies and the massive molecular and atomic outflows observed
in local ultra-luminous infrared galaxies. Moreover, the outflows from local
ultra-luminous infrared galaxies are inferred to have tau_w ~ 10, comparable to
what we find is required for AGN winds to regulate the growth of black holes
and set the M_BH-sigma relation. We conclude by discussing theoretical
mechanisms that can lead to AGN wind mass-loading and momentum/energy fluxes
large enough to have a significant impact on galaxy formation.Comment: 12 pages, 7 figures; final version accepted by MNRAS; references and
minor clarifications added, conclusions unchange
Geometry, kinematics and rates of deformation in a normal fault segment boundary, central Greece
The geometry, kinematics and rates of deformation within a fault segment boundary between the ends of two major active normal fault segments have been investigated through examination of a faulted 126 ka marine terrace. Slipâvector azimuths defined by striations on the faults indicate NâS extension on c. EâW faults, subâparallel to those from earthquake focal mechanisms, together with significant and contemporaneous EâW extension on c. NâS faults. Summed rates of EâW extension along a c. 550 m transect (0.17 mm/yr) are comparable with those for NâS extension (0.20 mm/yr) along a c. 350 m transect. Our observations show that distributed nonâplane strain extension occurs in fault segment boundaries and this should be noted when studying faultâtip fracture toughness and regional deformation rates
Terahertz single pixel imaging based on a Nipkow disk
We describe a terahertz single pixel imaging system based on a Nipkow disk. Nipkow disks have been used for fast scanning imaging systems since the first experimental television was invented in 1926. In our work, a Nipkow disk with 24 scanning lines was used to provide an axial resolution of 2 mm/pixel. We also show that by implementing a microscanning technique the axial resolution can be further improved to 0.5 mm/pixel. Imaging of several objects was demonstrated to show that this simple scanning system is promising for fast and/or real time terahertz imaging applications
Circumference of 3-connected claw-free graphs and large Eulerian subgraphs of 3-edge-connected graphs
AbstractThe circumference of a graph is the length of its longest cycles. Results of Jackson, and Jackson and Wormald, imply that the circumference of a 3-connected cubic n-vertex graph is Ω(n0.694), and the circumference of a 3-connected claw-free graph is Ω(n0.121). We generalize and improve the first result by showing that every 3-edge-connected graph with m edges has an Eulerian subgraph with Ω(m0.753) edges. We use this result together with the RyjĂĄÄek closure operation to improve the lower bound on the circumference of a 3-connected claw-free graph to Ω(n0.753). Our proofs imply polynomial time algorithms for finding large Eulerian subgraphs of 3-edge-connected graphs and long cycles in 3-connected claw-free graphs
Spectral correlations of the massive QCD Dirac operator at finite temperature
We use the graded eigenvalue method, a variant of the supersymmetry
technique, to compute the universal spectral correlations of the QCD Dirac
operator in the presence of massive dynamical quarks. The calculation is done
for the chiral Gaussian unitary ensemble of random matrix theory with an
arbitrary Hermitian matrix added to the Dirac matrix. This case is of interest
for schematic models of QCD at finite temperature.Comment: 19 pages, no figures, LaTeX (elsart.cls) minor changes, one reference
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