5,456 research outputs found
Charge asymmetry in W + jets production at the LHC
The charge asymmetry in W + jets production at the LHC can serve to calibrate
the presence of New Physics contributions. We study the ratio {\sigma}(W^+ + n
jets)/{\sigma}(W^- + n jets) in the Standard Model for n <= 4, paying
particular attention to the uncertainty in the prediction from higher-order
perturbative corrections and uncertainties in parton distribution functions. We
show that these uncertainties are generally of order a few percent, making the
experimental measurement of the charge asymmetry ratio a particularly useful
diagnostic tool for New Physics contributions.Comment: 13 pages, 7 figures. Reference added. Slightly modified tex
Path planning for reconfigurable rovers in planetary exploration
This paper introduces a path planning algorithm that
takes into consideration different locomotion modes in
a wheeled reconfigurable rover. Such algorithm, based
on Fast Marching, calculates the optimal path in terms
of power consumption between two positions, providing
the most appropriate locomotion mode to be used
at each position. Finally, the path planning algorithm is
validated on a virtual Martian scene created within the
V-REP simulation platform, where a virtual model of a
planetary rover prototype is controlled by the same software
that is used on the real one. Results of this contribution
also demonstrate how the use of two locomotion
modes, wheel-walking and normal-driving, can reduce
the power consumption for a particular area.Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tech
The effect of infrastructure changes on railway operations.
This paper makes use of standard simulation programs in combination with the tools of applied statistics to simulate railway operations. The purpose of the use of this tool is to evaluate and compare different possible kinds of railway infrastructure, like different types of signaling procedures, different network configuration or operational procedures. A railway system is a logistic network and because of the demand for improved railway operation, much work has been undertaken lately in this scientific field. However the author postulates the hypothesis based on a literature review that in a lot of these works there is a lack of full application of statistics. With this paper the author makes use of standard simulation programs for detailed simulation of railway operation especially with respect to the signaling and operation procedures. Additionally the influence of delays, which occur during real life railway operation is taken into account for a first time. This allows statistical evaluation of the results based on statistical significance. Also sensitivity analysis could be performed. It is demonstrated, that the results of such simulation runs show superior results when compared to other techniques not taking into account the variability. Additionally, procedures were developed to find the capacity of a railway network with the help of additional software tools. In this work the software package ARENA is used to simulate the operation of trains in railway networks. For this approach two major obstacles have to be solved: the simulation of train travelling times and the simulation of block rules used in railway operation. By introduction of visualization the confidence in the results of simulation, even for stakeholders not familiar with this technique, is increased. In this paper it is shown that with ARENA it is possible to calculate the capacity of different railway networks (scenarios). The results, which are calculated using quasi steady state simulation without variation, are similar to those obtained with other calculation methods. Additionally in one scenario the rule of thumb for the quotient between theoretical capacity and practical capacity in a railway network is confirmed by simulation including random variation. It is also demonstrated that OptQuest, an additional software package available for ARENA, is a suitable tool to find near optimal timetables in a scenario including delays. The results of this work may be not only of interest for railway operators, but also for operators of other automated transport systems. Such systems may be unmanned transport vehicles in a factory, transporting goods between different manufacturing stations. But also for automation of road traffic the results may be of interest
Complete two-loop effective potential approximation to the lightest Higgs scalar boson mass in supersymmetry
I present a method for accurately calculating the pole mass of the lightest
Higgs scalar boson in supersymmetric extensions of the Standard Model, using a
mass-independent renormalization scheme. The Higgs scalar self-energies are
approximated by supplementing the exact one-loop results with the second
derivatives of the complete two-loop effective potential in Landau gauge. I
discuss the dependence of this approximation on the choice of renormalization
scale, and note the existence of particularly poor choices which fortunately
can be easily identified and avoided. For typical input parameters, the
variation in the calculated Higgs mass over a wide range of renormalization
scales is found to be of order a few hundred MeV or less, and is significantly
improved over previous approximations.Comment: 5 pages, 1 figure. References added, sample test model parameters
listed, minor wording change
Path Planning for Reconfigurable Rovers in Planetary Exploration
This paper introduces a path planning algorithm
that takes into consideration different locomotion modes in a
wheeled reconfigurable rover. Power consumption and traction
are estimated by means of simplified dynamics models for each
locomotion mode. In particular, wheel-walking and normaldriving
are modeled for a planetary rover prototype. These
models are then used to define the cost function of a path
planning algorithm based on fast marching. It calculates the
optimal path, in terms of power consumption, between two
positions, providing the most appropriate locomotion mode to
be used at each position. Finally, the path planning algorithm
was implemented in V-REP simulation software and a Martian
area was used to validate it. Results of this contribution also
demonstrate how the use of these locomotion modes would
reduce the power consumption for a particular area.Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tech
Generic theory of colloidal transport
We discuss the motion of colloidal particles relative to a two component
fluid consisting of solvent and solute. Particle motion can result from (i) net
body forces on the particle due to external fields such as gravity; (ii) slip
velocities on the particle surface due to surface dissipative phenomena. The
perturbations of the hydrodynamic flow field exhibits characteristic
differences in cases (i) and (ii) which reflect different patterns of momentum
flux corresponding to the existence of net forces, force dipoles or force
quadrupoles. In the absence of external fields, gradients of concentration or
pressure do not generate net forces on a colloidal particle. Such gradients can
nevertheless induce relative motion between particle and fluid. We present a
generic description of surface dissipative phenomena based on the linear
response of surface fluxes driven by conjugate surface forces. In this
framework we discuss different transport scenarios including self-propulsion
via surface slip that is induced by active processes on the particle surface.
We clarify the nature of force balances in such situations.Comment: 22 pages, 1 figur
What if Supersymmetry Breaking Unifies beyond the GUT Scale?
We study models in which soft supersymmetry-breaking parameters of the MSSM
become universal at some unification scale, , above the GUT scale,
\mgut. We assume that the scalar masses and gaugino masses have common
values, and respectively, at . We use the
renormalization-group equations of the minimal supersymmetric SU(5) GUT to
evaluate their evolutions down to \mgut, studying their dependences on the
unknown parameters of the SU(5) superpotential. After displaying some generic
examples of the evolutions of the soft supersymmetry-breaking parameters, we
discuss the effects on physical sparticle masses in some specific examples. We
note, for example, that near-degeneracy between the lightest neutralino and the
lighter stau is progressively disfavoured as increases. This has the
consequence, as we show in planes for several different values
of , that the stau coannihilation region shrinks as
increases, and we delineate the regions of the plane
where it is absent altogether. Moreover, as increases, the focus-point
region recedes to larger values of for any fixed and
. We conclude that the regions of the plane that are
commonly favoured in phenomenological analyses tend to disappear at large
.Comment: 24 pages with 11 eps figures; references added, some figures
corrected, discussion extended and figure added; version to appear in EPJ
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