Environmental impact assessment of dietary scenarios: a comparison of methodological aspects

Background Dietary patterns have manifold impacts on the environment. • However, studies that assess dietary patterns operate with varying methodological approaches and underlying assumptions, which evoke different, and occasionally even contradicting, results. • This leads to uncertainty regarding what should or should not be eaten, especially with regard to animal-source food (ASF) and production types (e.g. conventional or organic). • Therefore, to adequately interpret results, it is necessary to interpret these in the context of the respective methods used and assumptions made

Conformal Properties of an Evaporating Black Hole Model

We use a new, conformally-invariant method of analysis to test incomplete null geodesics approaching the singularity in a model of an evaporating black hole for the possibility of extensions of the conformal metric. In general, a local conformal extension is possible from the future but not from the past

La brousse tigrée au Niger : synthèse des connaissances acquises : hypothèses sur la genèse et les facteurs déterminant les différentes structures contractées

Suite aux nombreux travaux portant sur la brousse tigrée, tant au Niger qu'au niveau international, il semble établi que ce système de contraction de la végétation en bandes constitue une réponse naturelle et efficace à la raréfaction des ressources hydriques, fondée sur la récolte et l'acheminement des eaux de ruissellement des zones dénudées vers les zones de végétation. Le présent article se propose de faire un inventaire des questions en suspens concernant cette structure paysagère, en particulier les facteurs climatiques et topographiques déterminant cette structure, les hypothèses sur les conditions de son apparition (genèse), enfin la dynamique supposée d'avancée amont des bandes de végétation. Les différents travaux conduits récemment au Niger pour tenter de répondre à ces questions sont passés en revue, ainsi que les principaux résultats acquis. (Résumé d'auteur

Prediction of the impact sensitivity by neural networks

International audienceThe purpose of this work was the building of an efficient tool for the impact sensitivity prediction in order to minimize the risks during the handling of explosive compound

Quantum Lazy Sampling and Game-Playing Proofs for Quantum Indifferentiability

Game-playing proofs constitute a powerful framework for classical cryptographic security arguments, most notably applied in the context of indifferentiability. An essential ingredient in such proofs is lazy sampling of random primitives. We develop a quantum game-playing proof framework by generalizing two recently developed proof techniques. First, we describe how Zhandry's compressed quantum oracles [Zha18] can be used to do quantum lazy sampling from non-uniform function distributions. Second, we observe how Unruh's one-way-to-hiding lemma [Unr14] can also be applied to compressed oracles, providing a quantum counterpart to the fundamental lemma of game-playing. Subsequently, we use our game-playing framework to prove quantum indifferentiability of the sponge construction, assuming a random internal function or a random permutation. Our results upgrade post-quantum security of SHA-3 to the same level that is proven against classical adversaries